scholarly journals Tape Automated Bonding for High Density Packaging

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Kurzweil
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Density ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Assembly Technology ◽  
Processing Steps ◽  
Very High ◽  
High Density Packaging

High density packaging of semiconductor devices is necessary for high performance in compact electronic systems. But the assembly technology must also remain cost attractive.Through the development efforts conducted during the past years in the world, the Tape Automated Bonding – TAB – has become the assembly technology allowing a very high density packaging. In combination with substrate technology it has grown into a complete, cost effective, micropackaging concept.The paper describes the main technical characteristics of this packaging concept. Specific equipments for TAB were designed and built by CII-Honeywell Bull for installation in the factory. These equipments are not only those, directly related to the TAB technology processing steps but include also other equipments like high precision thick film printer.The main features of the new micropackaging facility are also presented. Some examples of high density packages built with tape automated bonding are described and some of the main quality and reliability aspects are discussed.

scholarly journals CURCUMIN – THE HEALING HERB: PROPERTIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTIVE

2019 ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
GAURAV SHARMA ◽  
NITIKA THAKUR
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cultivation Period ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Wonder Drug

Curcumin, the main bioactive compound found in turmeric rhizomes, has a wide variety of applications in the clinical field that is why it attracts researchers from all over the world. While there are various studies on curcumin extraction and quantification, comparison of curcumin content according to the soil profile and cultivation period has not been performed yet in our knowledge. Curcumin to be a genuine natural product having impressive anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, treating a wide range of diseases. Curcumin is a special gift to humans given by mother-nature to help them curing many diseases. Turmeric, the plant containing a significant amount of this molecule, has been used for many centuries as a traditional medicine to cure skin problems, digestive issues, as painkiller, and much more. From the past two centuries, scientists found many applications of this molecule in the clinical field. There are still many properties of this wonder drug that need to be discovered. However, the obstacle in this track is difficulty in extracting the pure and high amounts of curcumin from turmeric rhizomes. For this reason, many researchers have searched about many techniques to extract curcumin from turmeric rhizomes, of which ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry has been found very efficient. The review will assist the researchers to discover and choose the plant to develop adequate medicine for establishing cost-effective treatments.

scholarly journals Recognition of Handwritten Arabic and Hindi Numerals Using Convolutional Neural Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1573
Author(s):  
Amin Alqudah ◽  
Ali Mohammad Alqudah ◽  
Hiam Alquran ◽  
Hussein R. Al-Zoubi ◽  
Mohammed Al-Qodah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Recognition Rate ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Very High ◽  
Handwritten Arabic

Arabic and Hindi handwritten numeral detection and classification is one of the most popular fields in the automation research. It has many applications in different fields. Automatic detection and automatic classification of handwritten numerals have persistently received attention from researchers around the world due to the robotic revolution in the past decades. Therefore, many great efforts and contributions have been made to provide highly accurate detection and classification methodologies with high performance. In this paper, we propose a two-stage methodology for the detection and classification of Arabic and Hindi handwritten numerals. The classification was based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The first stage of the methodology is the detection of the input numeral to be either Arabic or Hindi. The second stage is to detect the input numeral according to the language it came from. The simulation results show very high performance; the recognition rate was close to 100%.

A recent overview on the porphyrin-based π-extended small molecules as donors and acceptors for high-performance organic solar cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkatesh Piradi ◽  
Feng Yan ◽  
Xunjin Zhu ◽  
Wai-Yeung Raymond Wong
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Effective Alternative ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cost Effective Alternative ◽  
Silicon Based

Organic solar cells (OSCs) have been considered as a promising cost-effective alternative to silicon-based solar cell counterparts due to their lightweight, mechanical flexibility, and easy fabrication features. Over the past...

TBE in Latvia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dace Zavadska ◽  
Zane Freimane
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Serological Testing ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Epidemiological Changes ◽  
Northwestern Coast ◽  
Very High

Aggregated data on TBE cases in Latvia are available from 1955,1 but serological testing for TBE began in the 1970’s.2 Since TBE became notifiable in Latvia, epidemiological changes of disease incidence have been dramatic. Between 1990–2000 Latvia had the highest rates of TBE incidence in the world, ranging from 8 to 53 cases per 100,000 population.2 Although the incidence decreased significantly in the past 10 years to about half – from 14.58/100,000 in 2010 to 7.86/100,000 in 2018 – Latvia still ranks very high among all countries in Europe with an annual incidence of 11.45/100,000 in 2020. The distribution of TBE cases in Latvia varies between different regions with the highest incidence usually registered near the northwestern coast.

scholarly journals Enhanced interlayer trapping of Pb(II) ions within kaolinite layers: intercalation, characterization, and sorption studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 1870-1887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Maged ◽  
Ismael Sayed Ismael ◽  
Sherif Kharbish ◽  
Binoy Sarkar ◽  
Sirpa Peräniemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interlayer Space ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Potassium Acetate ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Continuous Mode ◽  
Uptake Capacity ◽  
Column Tests ◽  
Fixed Bed Column ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World

AbstractLead (Pb(II)) pollution in water poses a serious threat to human health in many parts of the world. In the past decades, research has been aimed at developing efficient and cost-effective methods to address the problem. In this study, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and potassium acetate (K-Ac) intercalated kaolinite complexes were synthesized and subsequently utilized for Pb(II) removal from water. The intercalation of kaolinite with DMSO was found to be useful for expanding the interlayer space of the clay mineral from 0.72 to 1.12 nm. Kaolinite intercalation with K-Ac (KDK) increased the interlayer space from 1.12 to 1.43 nm. The surface area of KDK was found to be more than threefold higher as compared to natural kaolinite (NK). Batch experimental results revealed that the maximum Pb(II) uptake capacity of KDK was 46.45 mg g−1 which was higher than the capacity of NK (15.52 mg g−1). Reusability studies showed that KDK could be reused for 5 cycles without substantially losing its adsorption capacity. Furthermore, fixed-bed column tests confirmed the suitability of KDK in continuous mode for Pb(II) removal. Successful application of intercalated kaolinite for Pb(II) adsorption in batch and column modes suggests its application in water treatment (especially removal of divalent metals).

Influence of Socio-Economy in the Next Generation of Thermal Management Solutions for Electronics Consumer Products

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamal Refai-Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Electronics Packaging ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Target Market ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

The past few decades have seen a number of countries around the world emerge as a growing market for high performance computers. This present study examines, in more detail, how socio-economic influences are shaping the demand function and how some computing landscapes are changing as a consequence. This study is addressing one of the key initiatives to enable 50 percent of the world’s population with access to the World Wide Web. Furthermore, this investigation is addressing the challenges for electronics packaging Engineers and Researchers. Therefore, the rational of the developed technology based on the understanding target market and usages will be given. The impact of addressing the heat dissipation and managing the use of the raw materials of the intended products are discussed. In addition, how the electronics packaging engineers can focus on developing affordable innovative technology. Finally, the impact of all of the above is examined in developing the cost effective solution from a global point of view.

scholarly journals State of the Art: Mechanical Properties of Ultra-High Performance Concrete

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamadtaqi Baqersad ◽  
Ehsan Amir Sayyafi ◽  
Hamid Mortazavi Bak
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Structural Members ◽  
Ultra High Performance Concrete ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
The Past ◽  
Very High

During the past decades, there has been an extensive attention in using Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) in the buildings and infrastructures construction. Due to that, defining comprehensive mechanical properties of UHPC required to design structural members is worthwhile. The main difference of UHPC with the conventional concrete is the very high strength of UHPC, resulting designing elements with less weight and smaller sizes.  However, there have been no globally accepted UHPC properties to be implemented in the designing process. Therefore, in the current study, the UHPC mechanical properties such as compressive and tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and development length for designing purposes are provided based on the reviewed literature. According to that, the best-recommended properties of UHPC that can be used in designing of UHPC members are summarized. Finally, different topics for future works and researches on UHPC’s mechanical properties are suggested.

scholarly journals International guidelines on the study of glycated hemoglobin HbA1c level as a diagnostic criterion for diabetes mellitus and otherdisorders of carbohydrate metabolism

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Gagik Radikovich Galstyan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The World ◽  
Diagnostic Criterion

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is rising at an epidemic scale throughout the world. Up to a certain moment, DM2 develops as a latent pathology which accounts for its late diagnosis and onset of therapy. Hence, the high frequency of vascular complications, early disablement and mortality. Therefore, the improvement of screening studies is of primary importance for the detection of metabolic disorders. At present, HbA1c determination is the most informative and cost-effective tool for the purpose. The choice of the method for measuring HbA1c is a paramount consideration. It must be standardized against a reference technique (high performance liquid chromatography) in conformity with the results of DCCT and UKPDS studies

TBE in Latvia

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Serological Testing ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Epidemiological Changes ◽  
Northwestern Coast ◽  
Very High

Aggregated data on TBE cases in Latvia are available from 1955,1 but serological testing for TBE began in the 1970’s.2 Since TBE became notifiable in Latvia, epidemiological changes of disease incidence have been dramatic. Between 1990–2000 Latvia had the highest rates of TBE incidence in the world, ranging from 8 to 53 cases per 100,000 population.2 Although the incidence decreased significantly in the past 10 years to about half – from 14.58/100,000 in 2010 to 7.86/100,000 in 2018 – Latvia still ranks very high among all countries in Europe with an annual incidence of 10.9/100.000 in 2019. The distribution of TBE cases in Latvia varies between different regions with the highest incidence usually registered near the northwestern coast.

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