scholarly journals EERP-DPM: Energy Efficient Routing Protocol Using Dual Prediction Model for Healthcare Using IoT

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Faris A. Almalki ◽  
Soufiene Ben Othman ◽  
Fahad A. Almalki ◽  
Hedi Sakli
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Temporal Correlation ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing ◽  
Battery Lifetime ◽  
Redundant Data

Healthcare is one of the most promising domains for the application of Internet of Things- (IoT-) based technologies, where patients can use wearable or implanted medical sensors to measure medical parameters anywhere and anytime. The information collected by IoT devices can then be sent to the health care professionals, and physicians allow having a real-time access to patients’ data. However, besides limited batteries lifetime and computational power, there is spatio-temporal correlation, where unnecessary transmission of these redundant data has a significant impact on reducing energy consumption and reducing battery lifetime. Thus, this paper aims to propose a routing protocol to enhance energy-efficiency, which in turn prolongs the sensor lifetime. The proposed work is based on Energy Efficient Routing Protocol using Dual Prediction Model (EERP-DPM) for Healthcare using IoT, where Dual-Prediction Mechanism is used to reduce data transmission between sensor nodes and medical server if predictions match the readings or if the data are considered critical if it goes beyond the upper/lower limits of defined thresholds. The proposed system was developed and tested using MATLAB software and a hardware platform called “MySignals HW V2.” Both simulation and experimental results confirm that the proposed EERP-DPM protocol has been observed to be extremely successful compared to other existing routing protocols not only in terms of energy consumption and network lifetime but also in terms of guaranteeing reliability, throughput, and end-to-end delay.

scholarly journals POWER AWARE AND ENERGY EFFICIENT ROUTING PROTOCOL (PAEERP) FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

2015 ◽  
pp. 201-205
Author(s):  
R. PREMA ◽  
R. RANGARAJAN
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Network Applications ◽  
Power And Energy

Several wireless sensor network applications have to to decide the inherent discrepancy between energy efficient communication, power aware routing and the requirement to attain preferred quality of service (QoS) such as packet delivery ratio, delay and to reduce the power and energy consumption of wireless sensor nodes. In addition to that the protocols which are developed aims in providing better QoS. For addressing this challenge, we propose the Power Aware and Energy Efficient Routing Protocol (PAEERP), which attains application-specified communication delays at low energy cost by dynamically adapting transmission power and routing decisions along with incorporating a novel cryptosystem. Through extensive simulation in NS2 the results prove that the proposed PAEERP attains lesser delay with reduced power and energy consumption.

scholarly journals Energy-efficient hierarchical routing in wireless sensor networks based on Fog Computing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ademola Abidoye ◽  
Boniface Kabaso
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Hierarchical Routing

Abstract Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been recognized as one of the most essential technologies of the 21st century. The applications of WSNs are rapidly increasing in almost every sector because they can be deployed in areas where cable and power supply are difficult to use. In the literature, different methods have been proposed to minimize energy consumption of sensor nodes so as to prolong WSNs utilization. In this article, we propose an efficient routing protocol for data transmission in WSNs; it is called Energy-Efficient Hierarchical routing protocol for wireless sensor networks based on Fog Computing (EEHFC). Fog computing is integrated into the proposed scheme due to its capability to optimize the limited power source of WSNs and its ability to scale up to the requirements of the Internet of Things applications. In addition, we propose an improved ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm that can be used to construct optimal path for efficient data transmission for sensor nodes. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated in comparison with P-SEP, EDCF, and RABACO schemes. The results of the simulations show that the proposed approach can minimize sensor nodes’ energy consumption, data packet losses and extends the network lifetime

scholarly journals SPARCO: Stochastic Performance Analysis with Reliability and Cooperation for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheeraz Ahmed ◽  
Nadeem Javaid ◽  
Ashfaq Ahmad ◽  
Imran Ahmed ◽  
Mehr Yahya Durrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Underwater Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing ◽  
Cooperative Routing ◽  
Key Factor

Reliability is a key factor for application-oriented Underwater Sensor Networks (UWSNs) which are utilized for gaining certain objectives and a demand always exists for efficient data routing mechanisms. Cooperative routing is a promising technique which utilizes the broadcast feature of wireless medium and forwards data with cooperation using sensor nodes as relays. Here, we present a cooperation-based routing protocol for underwater networks to enhance their performance called Stochastic Performance Analysis with Reliability and Cooperation (SPARCO). Cooperative communication is explored in order to design an energy-efficient routing scheme for UWSNs. Each node of the network is assumed to be consisting of a single omnidirectional antenna and multiple nodes cooperatively forward their transmissions taking advantage of spatial diversity to reduce energy consumption. Both multihop and single-hop schemes are exploited which contribute to lowering of path-losses present in the channels connecting nodes and forwarding of data. Simulations demonstrate that SPARCO protocol functions better regarding end-to-end delay, network lifetime, and energy consumption comparative to noncooperative routing protocol—improved Adaptive Mobility of Courier nodes in Threshold-optimized Depth-based routing (iAMCTD). The performance is also compared with three cooperation-based routing protocols for UWSN: Cognitive Cooperation (Cog-Coop), Cooperative Depth-Based Routing (CoDBR), and Cooperative Partner Node Selection Criteria for Cooperative Routing (Coop Re and dth).

Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol on Mobile Sink in Wireless Sensor Network

2013 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 1050-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Gui Lin ◽  
Hui Qi Zhang ◽  
Xu Yang Wang ◽  
Fang Qin Yao ◽  
Zhen Xing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Mobile Sink ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing ◽  
Simulation Results

To the disadvantages, such as high energy consumption and the energy consumption imbalance, we proposed an energy-efficient routing protocol on mobile sink (MSEERP) in this paper. In the MSEERP, the network is divided into several square virtual grids based on GAF, each grid is called a cluster, and the cluster head election method of GAF is improved. In addition, the MSEERP introduces a mobile sink in the network, the sink radios in limited number of hops and uses control moving strategy, namely the sink does not collect the information until it moves to a cluster with highest residual energy. We applied NS2 to evaluate its performance and analyze the simulation results by the energy model. Simulation results show that the MSEERP balances the energy consumption of the network, saves nodes energy and extends the network lifetime.

scholarly journals FCERP: A Novel WSNs Fuzzy Clustering and Energy Efficient Routing Protocol

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
Zainab Alansari ◽  
Mohammed Siddique ◽  
Mohammed Waleed Ashour
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Clustering ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Routing Algorithms ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Energy Consuming

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are set of sensor nodes to monitor and detect transmitted data to the sink. WSNs face significant challenges in terms of node energy availability, which may impact network sustainability. As a result, developing protocols and algorithms that make the best use of limited resources, particularly energy resources, is critical issues for designing WSNs. Routing algorithms, for example, are unique algorithms as they have a direct and effective relationship with lifetime of network and energy. The available routing protocols employ single-hop data transmission to the sink and clustering per round. In this paper, a Fuzzy Clustering and Energy Efficient Routing Protocol (FCERP) that lower the WSNs energy consuming and increase the lifetime of network is proposed. FCERP introduces a new cluster-based fuzzy routing protocol capable of utilizing clustering and multiple hop routing features concurrently using a threshold limit. A novel aspect of this research is that it avoids clustering per round while considering using fixed threshold and adapts multi-hop routing by predicting the best intermediary node for clustering and the sink. Some Fuzzy factors such as residual energy, neighbors amount, and distance to sink considered when deciding which intermediary node to use.

scholarly journals Performance Comparison of Routing Protocols for Underwater Sensor Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.15) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Komal Memon ◽  
Nafeesa Bohra ◽  
Faisal K Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Underwater Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing

There is a great demand of an Underwater Sensor Networks (UWSNs) in applications of water monitoring and offshore exploration. In such applications, network comprises of multiple sensor nodes which are deployed at different locations and depths of water. Sensor nodes perform collective tasks such as data collection and data transmission to other nodes or Base Station (BS). The bottom nodes are located at depth of water, and are not able to communicate directly with the surface level nodes, these nodes require multi-hop communication with appropriate routing protocol. Therefore, an energy efficient routing protocols are used for such scenarios, which is necessary as well as challenging task. As sensors are battery operated devices, which are really problematic to recharge or replace. The error and propagation path delays are high in acoustic channels therefore underwater communication is much effected. Realizing the circumstances, more attention has been given to compare energy efficient routing protocols which comparatively consume low energy and achieve high throughput. This paper, comprises of analysis and comparison of existing UWSN based efficient energy routing protocols. Based upon the analysis and comparison, VBF and DBR have been proposed that fulfill the requirements. The analysis is done on NS-2 and for comparison, the performance metrics which are evaluated are: Packet delivery Ratio (PDR), energy consumption, throughput and average End to End (E2E) delay. The results show that VBF protocol consume very large amount of energy as compared to DBR protocol. Whereas DBR protocol have characteristics like low energy consumption, minimum delay high PDR and high throughput than VBF protocol.  

scholarly journals RMEER: Reliable Multi-path Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 4366
Author(s):  
Mukhtiar Ahmed ◽  
Mazleena Salleh ◽  
M. Ibrahim Channa ◽  
Mohd Foad Rohani
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Data Forwarding ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing ◽  
Simulation Performance ◽  
Efficient Route

Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) is interesting area for researchers.To extract the information from seabed to water surface the the majority numbers of routing protocols has been introduced. The design of routing protocols faces many challenges like deployment of sensor nodes, controlling of node mobility, development of efficient route for data forwarding, prolong the battery power of the sensor nodes, and removal of void nodes from active data forwarding paths. This research article focuses the design of the Reliable Multipath Energy Efficient Routing (RMEER) which develops the efficient route between sensor nodes, and prolongs the battery life of the nodes. RMEER is a scalable and robust protocol which utilizes the powerful fixed courier nodes in order to enhance the network throughput, data delivery ratio, network lifetime and reduces the end-to-end delay. RMEER is also an energy efficient routing protocol for saving the energy level of the nodes. We have used the NS2.30 simulator with AquaSim package for performance analysis of RMEER.We observed that the simulation performance of RMEER is better than D-DBR protocol.

scholarly journals Fireflies Ant Optimized Reliable Quality Awareness Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for Managing Quality of Medical Data in Wireless Body Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5007-5012
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Medical Data ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
End To End ◽  
Quality Awareness

The wireless body area network is one of effective wearable devices that have been used in medical applications for collecting patient information to providing the treatment incorrect time for avoiding seriousness. The collected data’s such as blood pressure, air flow, temperature, electromagnetic information is transmitted to the health care center via the wireless technology, which reduces the difficulties also helps to provide the immediate treatment. During the information transmission, the main issues are Quality of Service (QoS), low packet delivery, high energy consumption and end to end delay. So, in this paper introduces the Fireflies Ant Optimized, Reliable Quality Awareness, Energy Efficient Routing Protocol ((FAORQEER) for maintaining the quality of the recorded medical data. The network examines the optimal path by using the characteristics of fireflies and the network life time and energy of the network is managed by introducing an energy efficient method. The process then evaluates efficiency with test results about energy consumption, packet delivery ratio, end to end delay and QoS metric associated constraints.

scholarly journals ENERGY EFFICIENT ROUTING PROTOCOL FOR INCREASING LIFETIME OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-248
Author(s):  
Tanya Pathak ◽  
Vinay Kumar Singh ◽  
Anurag Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing

In the recent years, an efficient design of a Wireless Sensor Network has become important in the area of research. The major challenges in the design of Wireless Sensor Network is to improve the network lifetime. The main difficulty for sensor node is to survive in that monitoring area for the longer time that means there is a need to increase the lifetime of the sensor nodes by optimizing the energy and distance. There are various existing routing protocols in which optimal routing can be achieved like Data-Centric, Hierarchical and Location-based routing protocols. In this paper, new power efficient routing protocol is being proposed that not only select the shortest path between the source node and sink node for data transmission but also maximizes the lifetime of the participating nodes by selecting the best path for sending the data packet across the network. The main objective of this research is to develop a faster algorithm to find the energy efficient route for Wireless Sensor Network. Simulation results shows that this strategy achieves long network lifetime when compared to the other standard protocols.

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient Clustering Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Yellow Saddle Goatfish Algorithm

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alma Rodríguez ◽  
Carolina Del-Valle-Soto ◽  
Ramiro Velázquez
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Cluster Structure ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Cluster Heads ◽  
Energy Efficient Clustering

The usage of wireless sensor devices in many applications, such as in the Internet of Things and monitoring in dangerous geographical spaces, has increased in recent years. However, sensor nodes have limited power, and battery replacement is not viable in most cases. Thus, energy savings in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is the primary concern in the design of efficient communication protocols. Therefore, a novel energy-efficient clustering routing protocol for WSNs based on Yellow Saddle Goatfish Algorithm (YSGA) is proposed. The protocol is intended to intensify the network lifetime by reducing energy consumption. The network considers a base station and a set of cluster heads in its cluster structure. The number of cluster heads and the selection of optimal cluster heads is determined by the YSGA algorithm, while sensor nodes are assigned to its nearest cluster head. The cluster structure of the network is reconfigured by YSGA to ensure an optimal distribution of cluster heads and reduce the transmission distance. Experiments show competitive results and demonstrate that the proposed routing protocol minimizes the energy consumption, improves the lifetime, and prolongs the stability period of the network in comparison with the stated of the art clustering routing protocols.

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