scholarly journals Relationships between Cognitive Function and Odor Identification, Balance Capability, and Muscle Strength in Middle-Aged Persons with and without Type 2 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Manabu Midorikawa ◽  
Hiroaki Suzuki ◽  
Yasuhiro Suzuki ◽  
Kazuyoshi Yamauchi ◽  
Hiroyuki Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Odor Identification ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Physical Functions ◽  
Participant Group

Aim. We investigated the relationship between cognitive function and olfactory and physical functions in middle-aged persons with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D) to examine the potential of olfactory and physical functions as biomarkers for early cognitive impairment. Methods. Enrolled were 70 T2D patients (age 40 to <65 y) and 81 age-matched control participants without diabetes. Cognitive function was assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Trail Making Test parts A and B (TMT-A/-B), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report (QIDS), and Starkstein Apathy Scale (SAS). Multiple linear regression analyses were performed. Results. Odor identification was an independent determinant shown in the results of the TMT-A in the entire participant group and was independently associated with the MoCA and TMT-B in the T2D group. Balance capability assessed with a stabilometer was independently associated with all cognitive function tests except for QISD and SAS in the entire participant group and the T2D group and was independently associated with TMT-A in the control group. Knee extension strength was independently associated with the SAS in the entire participant group and the T2D group. Conclusions. Odor identification, balance capability, and knee extension strength were potential markers for cognitive decline in middle-aged persons with T2D.

scholarly journals Modifiers of cognitive function and brain structure in middle-aged and elderly individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2009 ◽  
Vol 1280 ◽  
pp. 186-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Bruehl ◽  
Oliver T. Wolf ◽  
Victoria Sweat ◽  
Aziz Tirsi ◽  
Stephen Richardson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Elderly Individuals

FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 21 FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF A PROMISING MARKER OF METABOLIC DISORDERS AND PREMATURE AGING IN POLYMORBID CARDIOVASCULAR PATHOLOGY IN YOUNG AND MIDDLE-AGED PEOPLE

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1002-1005
Author(s):  
G.A. Proshchai ◽  
◽  
S.V. Dudarenko ◽  
A.S. Partcerniak ◽  
E.Yu. Zagarskikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Premature Aging ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathology ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Carbohydrate And Lipid Metabolism

Objective: To evaluate the possibility of using fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF 21) as a marker of metabolic disorders and premature aging in polymorbid cardiovascular pathology. Research methods: 199 men aged 35-55 years who were stratified into 3 groups were examined: group A - 117 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes), polymorbid cardiovascular disease (PCVD), obesity, androgen deficiency and anxiety-depressive disorders (ADD); group B - 55 patients with PCVD, obesity and ADD; group C - control group (n = 27). The examination of patients included a laboratory study of the level of FGF 21, indicators of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, hormonal status, as well as daily monitoring of blood pressure and ECG. Results and conclusions. When compared with the control group, the level of FGF 21 was 3 times higher in the presence of type 2 diabetes. The most intense increase in FGF 21 levels was observed in groups of patients with several diseases. An increase in the level of FGF 21 in young and middle-aged people is probably due to a compensatory reaction to the existing androgen deficiency, disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Strong correlations between FGF 21 and glucose, HDL cholesterol, total testosterone, ALT, and SBP during the day allow FGF 21 to be considered an early marker of cardiovascular disease and premature aging (PA) in young and middle-aged people

scholarly journals Association between serum homocysteine level and cognitive function in middle-aged type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. e0224611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanda Damanik ◽  
Andre Mayza ◽  
Andhika Rachman ◽  
Rani Sauriasari ◽  
Melly Kristanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Homocysteine Level ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Serum Homocysteine

Health Education Based on Internet Platform for Improving Cognitive Function of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2920-2924
Author(s):  
Shuqing Jia ◽  
Linghua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Internet Platform

Objective : There is cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and the cognitive ability is related to self-management behavior. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of individualized health education based on internet platform in the cognitive function of patients with T2DM. Method : A total of 60 patients with T2DM were divided into control group and intervention group. The control group received regular diabetes knowledge education during hospitalization. The intervention group received further cognitive and behavioral intervention through internet platform after discharge. After six months of follow-up, the changes of fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 hours postprandial blood glucose (2hBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), cognitive function, self management of patients with T2DM were observed and compared between two groups. Result : Compared with the data before intervention, FBG, 2hBG and HbAlc of all patients were significantly reduced, and delayed memory score was significantly increased, especially in the intervention group. Compared with that before intervention, the scores of diet control, exercise compliance, drug compliance, monitoring compliance, foot care and smoking in the intervention group were significantly improved after intervention, and the improvement level was significantly higher than that in the control group. Conclusion: Health education based on internet platform can significantly reduce the blood glucose and HbA1c level of patients with T2DM, improve the level of self-management and cognitive function of T2DM patients, especially in the aspect of delayed memory, which is conducive to disease control and health recovery.

scholarly journals Effects of fitness qigong and tai chi on middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243989
Author(s):  
Xiaoyuan Li ◽  
Hongyu Si ◽  
Yamin Chen ◽  
Shouhao Li ◽  
Ningning Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry

Currently, qigong and tai chi exercises are the two most common preventive as well as therapeutic interventions for chronic metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the quantitative evaluation of these interventions is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of qigong and tai chi intervention in middle-aged and older adults with T2DM. The study included 103 eligible participants, who were randomized to participate for 12 weeks, in one of the following intervention groups for the treatment of T2DM: fitness qigong, tai chi, and control group. Three biochemical measures, including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), and C-peptide (C-P) levels, assessed at baseline and 12 weeks, served as the primary outcome measures. During the training process, 16 of the 103 participants dropped out. After the 12-week intervention, there were significant influences on HbA1C (F2,83 = 4.88, p = 0.010) and C-P levels (F2,83 = 3.64, p = 0.031). Moreover, significant reduction in C-P levels was observed after 12-week tai chi practice (p = 0.004). Furthermore, there was a significant negative correlation between the duration of T2DM and the relative changes in FPG levels after qigong intervention, and the relative changes in HbA1C levels were positively correlated with waist-to-height ratio after tai chi practice. Our study suggests that targeted qigong exercise might have a better interventional effect on patients with a longer duration of T2DM, while tai chi might be risky for people with central obesity. Trial registration: This trial was registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. The registration number is ChiCTR180020069. The public title is “Health-care qigong · study for the prescription of chronic diabetes intervention.”

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF DIABETIC CAMP ON SELF EFFICACY AMONG MIDDLE-AGED AND ELDERL Y PEOPLE WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junaidy Rustam
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction: The benefits of Diabetic Camp as known can be applied to promote knowledge and self management among diabetes people. Nevertheless, empirical data of its effect on diabetes self-efficacy are still limited, especially on middle aged and elderly people with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Objectives: The purpose of this intervention study was to investigate the change of self-efficacy among middle-aged and elderly people living with type 2 DM after attending camp. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was used. Eighty-four participants were recruited form two public health center in Bukittnggi City West Sumatra Indonesia were randomly assigned into either the experimental group (n=42) or control group (n=42) by matching technique based on gender , age, and duration of illness. The experimental group participated in diabetic camp for two days continuing with weekly follow up for over 1 month while those in the control group participated in routine activities. Outcome was measured by using Self-efficacy Questionnaire for Diabetes at the first day before receiving the intervention as pretest data, and on the four weeks after the intervention was completed as the posttest data. The reliability of the Self-efficacy Questionnaire for Diabetes with Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.81. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed to analyze the data. Results: Mean of self-efficacy score in the experimental group after receiving the intervention was significantly higher than those in the control group (t =4.27; p&lt;0.05). The mean of self-efficacy score after receiving the intervention in the experimental group was increased significantly from before receiving the intervention (t = 8.15; p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: The results showed that Diabetic camp was effective in promoting self-efficacy of middle-aged and elderly people with type 2 DM. Thus, this diabetes care program can be recommended for practice

scholarly journals Obesity Increases Gene Expression of Markers Associated With Immunosenescence in Obese Middle-Aged Individuals

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego T. Brunelli ◽  
Vinicius O. Boldrini ◽  
Ivan L. P. Bonfante ◽  
Renata G. Duft ◽  
Keryma Mateus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Immune Risk Profile ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Functional Analyses

Recently, it has been argued that obesity leads to a chronic pro-inflammatory state that can accelerate immunosenescence, predisposing to the early acquisition of an immune risk profile and health problems related to immunity in adulthood. In this sense, the present study aimed to verify, in circulating leukocytes, the gene expression of markers related to early immunosenescence associated with obesity and its possible relationships with the physical fitness in obese adults with type 2 diabetes or without associated comorbidities. The sample consisted of middle-aged obese individuals (body mass index (BMI) between 30-35 kg/m²) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (OBD; n = 17) or without associated comorbidity (OB; n = 18), and a control group of eutrophic healthy individuals (BMI: 20 - 25 kg/m²) of same ages (E; n = 18). All groups (OBD, OB and E) performed the functional analyses [muscle strength (1RM) and cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max)], anthropometry, body composition (Air Displacement Plethysmograph), blood collections for biochemical (anti-CMV) and molecular (gene expression of leptin, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, PD-1, P16ink4a, CCR7, CD28 and CD27) analyses of markers related to immunosenescence. Increased gene expression of leptin, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α, PD-1, P16ink4a, CCR7 and CD27 was found for the OBD and OB groups compared to the E group. Moreover, VO2max for the OBD and OB groups was significantly lower compared to E. In conclusion, obesity, regardless of associated disease, induces increased gene expression of markers associated with inflammation and immunosenescence in circulating leukocytes in obese middle-aged individuals compared to a eutrophic group of the same age. Additionally, increased adipose tissue and markers of chronic inflammation and immunosenescence were associated to impairments in the cardiorespiratory capacity of obese middle-aged individuals.

scholarly journals Exploratory Analysis Using Machine Learning of Predictive Factors for Falls in Persons with Type 2 Diabetes: A Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Suzuki ◽  
hiroaki suzuki ◽  
tatsuya ishikawa ◽  
yasunori yamada ◽  
shigeru yatoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Random Forest Classifier ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Risk Factors For Falls

Abstract We aimed to investigate the status of falls and to identify important risk factors for falls in persons with type 2 diabetes (T2D) including the non-elderly. Participants were 316 persons with T2D. They were assessed for medical history, laboratory data and physical capabilities during the hospitalization and given a questionnaire on falls one year after discharge. Two different statistical models, logistic regression and random forest classifier were used to investigate important predictors of falls. The response rate to the survey was 72%; of the 226 respondents, there were 129 males and 97 females (median age 62 years). The fall rate during the first year after discharge was 19%. Logistic regression revealed that knee extension strength (β= -0.698, P = 0.002), fasting C-peptide (F-CPR) level (β= 0.492, P = 0.009) and dorsiflexion strength (β= -0.432, P = 0.047) were independent predictors of falls. The random forest classifier placed knee extension strength, grip strength (0.234), F-CPR level and dorsiflexion strength in the top 4 important variables for falls. Lower extremity muscle weakness as well as elevated F-CPR levels and reduced grip strength was shown to be important risk factors for falls in T2D.

scholarly journals Relation between Exogenous Insulin and Cognitive Function in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 943
Author(s):  
Diana Šimonienė ◽  
Džilda Veličkienė
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Insulin Dose ◽  
Insulin Requirement ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Exogenous Insulin

Background and objectives: Although the role of insulin in the periphery is well understood, not as much is known about its multifactorial role in the brain. The aim of this study is to determine whether exogenous insulin, evaluated by daily insulin requirement, has an impact on mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and whether this relationship is mediated by insulin doses and other risk factors. Materials and methods: A sample of 100 participants with type 2 diabetes aged 40 and over was divided into case and control groups, according to their insulin requirement. Patients with an insulin requirement >1 IU/kg/day were assessed as the case group whereas those with an insulin dose <1 IU/kg were used as the control group. All participants underwent cognitive testing using MoCA questionnaire scoring and blood analysis to determine lipid and uric acid levels in plasma. Subjects were categorized as having normal cognitive function or MCI. Results: Results showed that the prevalence of MCI in Lithuanian elderly diabetic patients was high in the groups with a normal insulin requirement or high insulin requirement at 84.8% and 72%, respectively (p = 0.14). Age (p = 0.001) and insulin dose (p < 0.0001) were related to the MCI. Using ROC curve analysis, the highest rate risk of MCI occurred when the insulin dose was lower than 144 IU/d. Conclusions: In summary, the results of this study provided evidence that increased exogenous insulin supply improves cognitive function. Higher insulin dose (>144 IU/d) demonstrated a positive effect on cognitive function, especially in individuals with poorly controlled diabetes (HbA1c ≥ 9%). Finally, the prevalence of MCI in the T2DM population was found to be very high. Future research is needed to determine whether high exogenous insulin doses have a protective effect on MCI.

scholarly journals Does supplementation with carnosine improve cardiometabolic health and cognitive function in patients with pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes? study protocol for a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e017691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estifanos Baye ◽  
Kirthi Menon ◽  
Maximilian PJ de Courten ◽  
Arul Earnest ◽  
James Cameron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Activity Measurement ◽  
Oral Glucose

IntroductionCarnosine, an over-the-counter food supplement, has a promising potential for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2DM), cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases through its anti-inflammatory, antiglycation, antioxidative and chelating effects. We have previously shown that supplementation with carnosine preserves insulin sensitivity and secretion in non-diabetic overweight and obese individuals. The effect of carnosine on cardiometabolic risk and related cognitive outcomes in patients with pre-diabetes and T2DM has thus far not been studied. We therefore aim to investigate whether supplementation with carnosine improves cardiometabolic health and cognitive function in patients with pre-diabetes and T2DM.Methods and analysisWe will employ a parallel design randomised controlled trial. Fifty participants with pre-diabetes (impaired fasting glycaemia and impaired glucose tolerance) and T2DM (with HbA1c level < 8%) aged between 18 to 70 years will be randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. At baseline, participants will undergo a medical review and series of tests including anthropometric measurements (body mass index, a dual X-ray absorptiometry and peripheral quantitative computed tomography scan), an oral glucose tolerance test, cardiovascular measurements (central blood pressure, endothelial function and arterial stiffness), cognitive function, physical activity measurement, heart rate variability and liver fibroscan as well as questionnaires to assess dietary habits, sleep quality, depression and quality of life. The intervention group will receive 2 g of carnosine daily in two divided doses while the control group will receive identical placebo capsules for 14 weeks. All baseline measurements will be repeated at the end of the intervention. The change in glycaemic, cardiovascular and cognitive parameters as well as other measures will be compared between the groups.Ethics and disseminationThis study is approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of Monash Health and Monash University, Australia. The findings will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.Trial registrationNCT02917928; Pre-results.

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