scholarly journals Corrosion Resistance Synergistic Appraisal of Titanium-Impregnated Bisphenol A-Type Epoxy Duplex Coating System in Stimulated and Natural Marine Environments of Southeastern Coastal Area of China–Pakistan Economic Corridor

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ishrat Jamil ◽  
Humaira Bano ◽  
Vinod C. Malshe ◽  
Azhar Mahmood ◽  
Kamran Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Hardness Measurement ◽  
Chain Scission ◽  
Epoxy Coating ◽  
Film Hardness ◽  
Adhesion Measurement ◽  
Better Than

This research endeavor is aimed at developing a protective coating for marine service conditions of the southeastern coastal area of the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor. Bisphenol A-type epoxy-based protective coatings were prepared by impregnating exotic titanium metal microparticles into two different proportions, i.e., 5% and 10% ( w / w ). Film hardness measurement by pencil test, adhesion measurement by the crosshatch-tape test, chemical and heat resistance test, gloss measurement, natural exposure, and salt spray testing have demonstrated that Ti-enriched coatings have performed better than the virgin epoxy coating. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy has depicted more surface degradation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy has indicated higher mass loss and chain scission in the virgin epoxy coating than the Ti-enriched coatings. In addition, these Ti microparticles have filled up the cavities/imperfections, reduced cracking, promoted crosslinking during the curing, and cordoned-off passage of corrodents and moisture, thus improving epoxy resin coating features. These results have widened the scope of Ti-embedded epoxy coatings against atmospheric corrosion for highly corrosive marine sites.

scholarly journals Enhancement of the cerium oxide primer layers deposited on AA2024-T3 aircraft alloy by preliminary Enhancement of the cerium oxide primer layers deposited on AA2024-T3 aircraft alloy by preliminary anodization

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan V. Kozhukharov ◽  
Christian Girginov
Keyword(s):  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Neutral Salt ◽  
Anodized Aluminum ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anodized Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Linear Voltammetry ◽  
And Performance

<p class="PaperAbstract"><span lang="EN-US">The possibility for combination between Anodized Aluminum Oxide (AAO) and Cerium Oxide Primer Layer (CeOPL) for elaboration of efficient protective coatings for AA2024-T3 aircraft alloy is proposed in the present research. The combined AAO/CeOPL coating characterizations include Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) combined with Linear Voltammetry (LVA), for extended times (until 2520 hours) to a model corrosive medium (3.5% NaCl). Topographical and cross-sectional (SEM and EDX) observations were performed in order to determine the AAO/CeOPL film thickness and composition. The AAO/CeOPL layer durability tests were confirmed by standard Neutral Salt Spray (NSS). The data analysis from all the used measurement methods has undoubtedly shown that the presence of AAO film significantly improves the cerium oxide primer layer (CeOPL) protective properties and performance. </span></p>

scholarly journals Preparation and Properties of Self-Healing and Self-Lubricating Epoxy Coatings with Polyurethane Microcapsules Containing Bifunctional Linseed Oil

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haijuan Yang ◽  
Qiufeng Mo ◽  
Weizhou Li ◽  
Fengmei Gu
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Polymerization ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Organic Coating ◽  
Epoxy Coating ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Pure Epoxy

An organic coating is commonly used to protect metal from corrosion, but it is prone to failure due to microcracks generated by internal stress and external mechanical action. The self-healing and self-lubricating achieved in the coating is novel, which allows an extension of life by providing resistance to damage and repair after damage. In this study, a new approach to microencapsulating bifunctional linseed oil with polyurethane shell by interfacial polymerization. Moreover, the self-healing and self-lubricating coatings with different concentrations of microcapsules were developed. The well-dispersed microcapsules showed a regular spherical morphology with an average diameter of ~64.9 μm and a core content of 74.0 wt.%. The results of the salt spray test demonstrated that coatings containing microcapsules still possess anticorrosion, which is improved with the increase of microcapsules content, after being scratched. The results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed a |Z|f=0.01Hz value of 104 Ω·cm2 for pure epoxy coating after being immersed for 3 days, whereas the coating with 20 wt.% microcapsules was the highest, 1010 Ω·cm2. The results of friction wear showed that the tribological performance of the coating was enhanced greatly as microcapsule concentration reached 10 wt.% or more, which showed a 86.8% or more reduction in the friction coefficient compared to the pure epoxy coating. These results indicated that the coatings containing microcapsules exhibited excellent self-healing and self-lubricating properties, which are positively correlated with microcapsules content.

scholarly journals Sea-level prediction for early warning information of coastal inundation in Belawan coastal area using Delft3D model

2021 ◽  
Vol 893 (1) ◽  
pp. 012034
Author(s):  
A M N Jaya ◽  
F P Sari ◽  
I J A Saragih ◽  
I Dafitra
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Hydrodynamic Model ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Wind Effect ◽  
Coastal Inundation ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Coastal inundation has a great impact on the environment, such as damage to infrastructure and pollution of land and water. One of the efforts to prevent coastal inundation is to predict the water level. Delft3D is a hydrodynamic model that's able to simulate the water level. Coastal inundation research using the Delft3D model is still rarely done in Indonesia, especially on the east coast of Sumatra. This research is conducted in Belawan coastal area by simulating the water level that caused the coastal inundation using the Delft3D model. The best bathymetry for the prediction of water level and the magnitude of the wind effect was obtained from the simulation. The final step is to predict the water level in Belawan coastal area. The result of this research shows that the Delft3D model can simulate the water level which causes the coastal inundation in the Belawan coastal area. The correlation of the Delft3D model is 0.9, and the RMSE of GEBCO bathymetry is 0.39 meters and the RMSE of NOAA bathymetry is 0.46 meters. The GEBCO bathymetry is better than NOAA bathymetry in describing the water level in the Belawan coastal area. The wind effect on the water level simulations is not significant because the coefficient of determination is 0.47%. Besides, the Delft3D model with GEBCO bathymetry input can predict the water level which causes the coastal inundation with correlation reaches 0.92 and RMSE is 0.39 meters.

Thermally Sprayed Ternary Materials for Enhanced Corrosion Protection

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Lester ◽  
S.J. Harris ◽  
D. Kingerley ◽  
S. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Barrier Layer ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Thermal Spraying ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Deposition Efficiency ◽  
Aqueous Corrosion ◽  
Metal Coatings ◽  
Zinc Coatings ◽  
Thermally Sprayed ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Thermal spraying has been used to protect many steel structures from aqueous corrosion using Zinc and Aluminium, and to some extent their alloy coatings to provide galvanic protection. The lifetimes of the coatings can approach 50 years even when exposed in severe marine environments. Zinc coatings work by continuously sacrificing themselves and slowly dissipating over time. Aluminium coatings passivate more readily and form a barrier layer, the passivity makes them less able to protect damaged areas and to self heal. A new ternary coating system involving Aluminium, Zinc and Magnesium has been shown to be capable of providing both a passive barrier layer as well as being able to give galvanically active protection. Salt spray tests have shown that the resistance to red rust of these new coatings increases by 300% over similar thicknesses of the separate metal coatings. Processing by arcspray is straightforward and both adhesion and deposition efficiency are better than where Zinc is sprayed alone.

Improvement of MIC Behavior of Ship Plate Steel with LaCl3-Zn Epoxy Coating

2011 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 254-257
Author(s):  
Qing Fen Li ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Yu Dong Fu ◽  
Chun Hui Li
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Potential ◽  
Steel Specimen ◽  
Epoxy Coating ◽  
Plate Steel ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Corrosion Resistance Property ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Good Agreement

The MIC behavior of the ship plate steel specimen with LaCl3-Zn epoxy coating in the sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) solution was investigated in this paper. The variation of corrosion potential over time of different specimens in SRB solution show that the corrosion potential of the specimen with LaCl3-Zn epoxy coating was obviously higher than the Zn-epoxy coating, suggesting that the LaCl3-Zn epoxy coating may offer better protection. The variations of lgflg |Z|=4.5 and fhwith time show that the property of anti-infiltration and corrosion resistance of LaCl3-Zn coating is much better than the ones of Zn-epoxy coating. Results also show that more sulfides and corrosion products of LaCl3-Zn epoxy coating were produced which increased the shielding property of the coating. The experimental results of XRD and SEM are in good agreement with the ones of Ecorr,and EIS, etc. They all show that the LaCl3-Zn epoxy coating exhibits more favorable corrosion resistance property than the Zn-epoxy coating. It is obvious that coating the ship plate steel with LaCl3-Zn epoxy is an effective and promising method against the attack of SRB in marine environment.

Nanoindentation Hardness of Compositionally Modulated Ti/TiN Multilayered Films

1997 ◽  
Vol 505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiji Kusano ◽  
Masaru Kitagawa ◽  
Hidehito Nanto ◽  
Akira Kinbara
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Hardness Measurement ◽  
Film Deposition ◽  
Multilayered Films ◽  
Dynamic Hardness ◽  
Modulation Period ◽  
Compositional Modulation ◽  
Film Hardness ◽  
Control Pattern ◽  
Flow Rate Control

ABSTRACTA detailed study of microhardness of multilayered films has been strongly needed to reveal effects of film layer structures and deposition conditions on the film hardness. A nanoindentation method is a useful method to investigate mechanical properties of thin films prepared on substrate materials. In this respect we have deposited a several types of Ti/TiN multilayered films and estimated their hardness by a nanoindentation method. The desired compositional modulation was obtained by changing the flow rate of N2gas periodically using a computer system. The modulation period has been varied from 10 to 40nm by changing a flow rate control pattern. The total thickness of the film was about 500nm including the underlayer of the TiO2(50nm)/Ti(50nm) multilayer for all samples with different modulation period. Substrates used in the experiment were borosilicate glass and not heated during film deposition. The compositional distribution toward to the film depth orientation was estimated by Auger electron spectroscopy. The dynamic hardness of the films has been estimated by a nanoindenter as a function of the modulation period. It was found that there existed an optimum modulation period of 20nm to enhance the film hardness by multilayer structure.. The maximum value of microhardness obtained for the optimum modulation period was 29GPa, which was much larger than that of the monolithic TiN coating of 15GPa. The hardness measurement results show that the behavior for dynamic hardness was different from that for plastic deformation hardness obtained.

Properties Study of Mixed Silane Films on the Surface of Steel

2014 ◽  
Vol 971-973 ◽  
pp. 135-138
Author(s):  
Zhen Dong Sun ◽  
Yan Ning Yang ◽  
Qing Peng Li ◽  
Jian Guo Liu ◽  
Chuan Wei Yan
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Adhesive Property ◽  
Epoxy Coating ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Neutral Salt ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Steel Sheets ◽  
Silane Solution ◽  
Scanning Electron

The mixed silane films were obtained on the surface of the Q235 steel sheets by directly immersing in a mixed silane solution containing γ-Glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane (γ-GPS) and 1, 2-bis (triethoxysilyl) ethane (BTSE), The chemical compositions and microstructures of the films were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).The corrosion resistances were investigated by electrochemical measurements and neutral salt spray (NSS) test. The effects of silane films to the epoxy coating were investigated through the adhesive property test. The results showed that the γ-GPS/BTSE mixed silane film could remarkably improve the corrosion resistance of epoxy coating and prolong its service life.

Determination of Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of Boride Coating on P91 Steel

2010 ◽  
Vol 438 ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Haidar Omar ◽  
Nikolaos Michailidis ◽  
Stefanos Skolianos ◽  
Azarias Mavropoulos ◽  
Sofia Tsipas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Boride Coating ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
P91 Steel ◽  
The One ◽  
Corrosive Environments

In many applications, even high-performance alloys have to be covered with protective coatings, providing higher corrosion and oxidation resistance, as compared to the alloy itself. This study investigates the feasibility to apply boron coatings on P91 steel by pack cementation process, to increase the steel durability in oxidative and corrosive environments, as well as its mechanical strength. Micro-indentation and the coating impact test were used to characterize the hardness and fatigue properties of the film respectively. The coating corrosion resistance versus the one of the uncoated P91 steel was tested in a salt spray chamber. The coating performance was characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy to check the consistency of the coated and uncoated surfaces and the oxidation extend. The results show an increased film strength, good fatigue performance and adequate corrosion resistance.

Effect of Black Plate on Growth Action and Corrosion Resistance of Sn-Fe Alloy Film

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Jian Zhong Li ◽  
Yan Wen Tian ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Yu Cheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Alloy Film ◽  
Void Space ◽  
Alloy Films ◽  
Fe Alloys ◽  
Black Plate ◽  
Annealing Mode ◽  
Better Than

Effect of black plate on growth action and corrosion resistance of Sn-Fe alloy film was investigated by means of metallurgical microscope, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), salt spray corrosion test and electrochemistry methods. The results show that the different modes of annealing and rolling have a remarkably effects on the surface morphology and grain size of Sn-Fe alloys. Crystalline grain of Sn-Fe alloy film for T4-CA or T2.5-BA is relatively continues, homogeneous and denser, but that for DR materials exists obviously surface inhomogeneity sizes and even void space of interweave. Rust spot easily generate on discontinuous alloy films or void space of interweave growth and gradually cover on the surface of Sn-Fe alloy films without corrosion damage. Corrosion resistance of BA materials is better than that of CA materials. Under the same annealing mode, corrosion resistance of DR materials is worse.

scholarly journals Anodic-modified anticorrosive coatings

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Černý ◽  
Josef Filípek
Keyword(s):  
Protective Coatings ◽  
High Carbon Steel ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Neutral Salt ◽  
Paint Systems ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Steel Machine ◽  
Low Alloyed Steel

Steel machine parts are exposed to electrochemical corrosion. This applies to many environments including atmosphere, soil, water, and even various fertilizers. High-carbon steel and low-alloyed steel are not stable (in terms of thermo-dynamics), do not feature effective passivation, and even the corrosion products do not form a stable protection layer. As a result, special anti-corrosion protection is critical. In heavy-corrosion environment, paint systems containing Zn have proven to be very effective. Presented text describes verification of paint systems with high Zn content and compares them to galvanic Zn coatings. Steel samples with protective coatings have been tested in condensation chamber with neutral salt-spray. This way, corrosion resistance of Zn-rich paint systems and galvanic Zn coatings has been evaluated and compared. Galvanic Zn-coatings have shown complete decomposition during the chamber exposition. Thus, further testing was adopted for paint systems only with a special attention being paid to gradual degradation of anti-corrosion layer. Final part of the text lists reasons of coating degradation process and outlines possible solutions of the issue.

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