scholarly journals Factors Predicting Physical Activity and Sports Participation in Adolescence

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Amalie Rullestad ◽  
Eivind Meland ◽  
Thomas Mildestvedt
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Student Rated ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
10Th Grade

Physical activity is important for children’s health and wellbeing, yet participation declines across teenage years. It is important to understand the mechanisms that could support adolescents to maintain physical activity participation. The aim of this study was firstly to examine change in sports and nonsports activities over two years during adolescence. Secondly, we explored possible predictors of physical activity and sports participation after two years. Method. A longitudinal cohort study was conducted between 2011 and 2013. Our data were collected from 1225 Norwegian adolescents who were followed over a two-year period, from 6th to 8th grade (11 to 13 years) and from 8th to 10th grade (13 to 15 years). We examined the relations between physical activity and predictors such as peer support, parent support, socioeconomic status (SES), attitude towards physical education, active transportation to school, self-rated health, body image, and change of nonsports activities. We used linear regression analyses and binary logistic regression to explore possible predictors of physical activity and sports participation after two years. Results. We found a significant reduction in sports participation during early adolescence, most pronounced, from 8th to 10th grade (from 13 to 15 years). Factors which predicted physical activity after two years were a positive attitude towards physical education, perceived support from parents, if the student travelled to school in an active way (by walk or bicycle) and also how the student rated his/her own health. The last three factors also predicted improvements of physical activity during the two years. Possible predictors of persisting or starting doing sports were increasing levels of self-rated health, increasing socioeconomic status, whereas increasing engagement in nonsports activities predicted reduced participation in sports. Conclusion. Health promotive efforts aiming at increasing active school transportation, parental support, and subjective health seem important for maintenance of physical activity and sports participation during adolescence. Attitudes may improve by adapting physical education to individual needs and interests and can function as an additional promotive factor.

scholarly journals The 2 × 2 Achievement Goals in Sport and Physical Activity Contexts: A Meta-Analytic Test of Context, Gender, Culture, and Socioeconomic Status Differences and Analysis of Motivations, Regulations, Affect, Effort, and Physical Activity Correlates

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Lochbaum ◽  
Thaís Zanatta ◽  
Zişan Kazak
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Gender Culture ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Mastery Avoidance ◽  
Avoidance Goal ◽  
Mastery Approach

Approach-avoidance achievement goals are studied extensively in the context of competitive sports and physical activity, including leisure and physical education. Building upon past meta-analyses, the purpose of this quantitative review was to provide basic descriptive data, estimated means for testing of several research questions (i.e., context, gender, culture, and socioeconomic status), and meta-analyzing outcome correlates (i.e., self-determination constructs, affect, effort, and physical activity). A total of 116 studies up to 1 December 2018, met inclusion criteria. These 116 studies, totaling a sample size of 43,133 participants (M sample size = 347.85 + 359.36), from 22 countries with 92.7% of samples, are drawn from participants less than 30 years of mean age. From the 116 unique studies, nearly half (49.6%) were from a sport context and the rest from leisure-time physical activity (PA) (19.4%) and physical education (PE) (31.0%) contexts. A number of different analyses were conducted to examine our research questions. Support was found for several of our research questions: The mastery-approach goal was endorsed more than all the other goals, while sport participants endorsed the performance-approach goal more than PA and PE groups; females endorsed the mastery-avoidance goal more than males; more culturally individualistic countries endorsed the mastery-approach goal; and countries from lower socioeconomic and interdependent countries endorsed the mastery-avoidance goal than higher socioeconomic and independent countries. Concerning, the meta-analyzed correlates, most relationships were hypothesized through the performance-approach goal, and both avoidance goals appeared to be too similar in relationships with the correlates raising theoretical concerns. Overall, the mastery-approach goals had the most meaningful biased corrected effect size values (rc) with the outcome correlates, such as relative autonomy (0.47), intrinsic motivation (0.52), effort (0.40), positive affect (0.42), physical activity intent (0.38). Based on the present and past meta-analytic results, the 2 × 2 achievement goals as currently measured was questioned. Future research suggestions included fundamental questionnaire issues, the need for latent profile analysis or other more advanced statistics, and whether the 2 × 2 achievement goal framework is the most appropriate framework in physical activity contexts.

scholarly journals The effect of self-rated health, subjective socioeconomic status, social capital, and physical activity on life satisfaction: a cross-sectional study in urban western Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Rajabi Gilan ◽  
Mehdi khezeli ◽  
Shirin Zardoshtian
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
College Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Subjective Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Self Rated Health

Abstract Background Life satisfaction is an important component in designing strategies to improve health outcomes in different groups of society. This study aimed to investigate the effect of subjective socioeconomic status (SSS), social capital (SC), self-rated health (SRH), and physical activity (PA) on life satisfaction (LS) in Iran. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1187 people (643 men and 544 women) lived in five western cities in Iran. The sampling method was multistage clustering. Data collection tool was a five part questionnaire including demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status ladder, social capital scale, a question to measure physical activity, and the life satisfaction scale. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, one way ANOVA, and Ordinal Logistic Regression. Result Life satisfaction was higher in married men and women compared to single and widows (p < 0.05). Among the variables included in the main model, the significant predictors were college education (− 0.500), marriage (coefficient = 0.422), age 25–34 years (coefficient = − 0.384), SRH (coefficient = 0.477), male sex (coefficient = 0.425), SSS (coefficient = 0.373), trust (coefficient = 0.115), and belonging and empathy (coefficient = 0.064). Conclusion SRH and SSS were significant predictors of life satisfaction in west Iranian society. Being married was associated with higher LS, but college education affects LS adversely.

scholarly journals Prevalence and correlates of insufficient physical activity in school adolescents in Peru

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bimala Sharma ◽  
Rosemary Cosme Chavez ◽  
Eun Woo Eun Woo Nam
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Dietary Behaviors ◽  
World Health ◽  
After School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and correlates of insufficient physical activity in adolescents in Peru. METHODS: We used a self-administered questionnaire developed from Global school-based Student Health Survey to collect information from secondary school students in North Lima and Callao in 2015. We carried out Poisson regression with robust variance using generalized linear models to estimate the crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (APR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of insufficient physical activity for its correlates. RESULTS: We have found that 78% of the adolescents did not meet the global recommendation of the World Health Organization on physical activity in the last week before the survey. Female respondents (APR = 1.13, 95%CI 1.04–1.21), respondents who perceived themselves as overweight (APR = 1.10, 95%CI 1.03–1.18), and respondents who consumed insufficient vegetables and fruits [no vegetables (APR = 1.30, 95%CI 1.06–1.59), no fruits (APR = 1.15, 95%CI 1.00–1.31) as compared to those who consumed ≥ 2 servings every day in the last seven days] were more likely to report insufficient physical activity. Adolescents who worked after school (APR = 0.92, 95%CI 0.84–0.99), had physical education classes five times per week (APR = 0.94, 95%CI 0.88–0.99), and had parental supervision (APR = 0.92, 95%CI 0.87–0.98) were less likely to report insufficient physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: Sex, work after school, perceived body weight, physical education class, parental support, and healthy dietary behaviors were associated with insufficient physical activity. Attempts to improve physical activity should look for ways to enhance leisure-time physical activity, parental support, physical education classes, healthy dietary behaviors, and normal body weight maintenance in adolescents with integrated efforts from the family and school.

Maximal Isometric Muscle Strength and Socioeconomic Status, Health, and Physical Activity in 75-Year-Old Persons

1994 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taina Rantanen ◽  
Pertti Era ◽  
Markku Kauppinen ◽  
Eino Heikkinen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Isometric Strength ◽  
Musculoskeletal Symptoms ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
Self Rated Health

This study analyzes the associations of socioeconomic status (SES), health, and physical activity with maximal isometric strength in 75-year-old men (n= 104) and women (n= 191). Maximal isometric strength was measured with dynamometers; the forces were adjusted using body weight. The maximal forces for women varied from 66% (trunk flexion) to 73% (knee extension) of those of the men. SES was not associated with muscle force. For men the trunk forces and elbow flexion force correlated negatively with the number of chronic diseases, index of musculoskeletal pain, and self-rated health. For women all the strength test results correlated with self-rated health; the other health indicators showed significant correlation with trunk extension force only. For both sexes the physically more active exhibited greater strength. The index of musculoskeletal symptoms explained the variance on trunk force factor in both sexes. It was concluded that a higher level of everyday physical activity and good values in the state-of-health indicators were the most important variables explaining greater strength among the elderly.

scholarly journals The Associations Between Socioeconomic Status and Lifestyle Factors in European Adolescents: A Population-based Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-124
Author(s):  
Dario Novak ◽  
Štefan Lovro ◽  
Branislav Antala ◽  
Arunas Emeljanovas ◽  
Brigita Mieziene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Self Rated Health

Abstract The main purpose of the present study was to determine the associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and lifestyle factors. In this cross-sectional study, participants were 3,072 adolescents from two European countries of Lithuania and Serbia. The dependent variable was SES, while independent variables were gender, adherence to a Mediterranean diet, body-mass index, self-rated health, psychological distress, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary behaviour. The associations between dependent and independent variables were analysed by using logistic regression analysis. In univariate model, middle/high SES was associated with higher adherence to a Mediterranean diet (ptrend = 0.003), good self-rated health (OR 1.51; 95 % CI 1.12 to 2.05) and meeting recommendations of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (OR 2.09; 95 % CI 1.45 to 3.00), yet inversely associated with psychological distress (OR 0.81; 95 % CI 0.66 to 0.99) and sedentary behaviour (OR 0.80; 95 % CI 0.68 to 0.94). No associations were found between SES and bodymass index and gender. In multivariate model, the same associations occurred between middle/high SES and lifestyle factors. In conclusion, special strategies and policies, based on more affordable nutrition and participation in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, should be implemented within the system.

scholarly journals Class context, teacher behavior, and physical activity levels during physical education classes

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josieli Regina Brey ◽  
◽  
Alessandra Cardozo Machado Suga ◽  
Alexandre Augusto De Paula Da Silva ◽  
Ciro Romelio Rodriguez-AñezRogriguez-A ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Teacher Behavior ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Classroom Context ◽  
Systematic Observation ◽  
School Students ◽  
Class Time

The aim of this study was to test the association between classroom context, teacher’s behavior and the physical activity (PA) level of elementary school students during physical education (PE) classes. Eighteen PE classes from six schools were evaluated. Classrrom context and teacher’s behavior were assessed by systematic observation (SOFIT) while students' PA level was measured by accelerometry. Data were treated by descriptive statistics and presented as a proportion of class time in sedentary behavior and at different PA levels. Association between classroom context and teacher behavior with different PA levels was tested by binary logistic regression. The student spent more time during PE class in light (40.8%) and vigorous (40.9%) PAs. The largest proportion of class time was allocated to the context of: structured games (35.8%), skill practice (23.2%) and management (21.7%) context represented 80.7% total time of PE class. The most frequent behavior of the teacher were: general instruction (45.5%), management (28.7%) and observing (18.3%). It was found that the proportion of student’s time in sedentary behavior and at different levels of PA during the PE class varied according to the context of the class and the teachers' behavior.

scholarly journals Sex-Stratified Trends in Meeting Physical Activity Guidelines, Participating in Sports, and Attending Physical Education Among US Adolescents, Youth Risk Behavior Survey 2009–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (S1) ◽  
pp. S102-S113
Author(s):  
Tiffany J. Chen ◽  
Kathleen B. Watson ◽  
Shannon L. Michael ◽  
Susan A. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Youth Risk Behavior Survey ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Muscle Strengthening ◽  
Youth Physical Activity ◽  
Youth Risk Behavior ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Background: During the past decade, guidelines for youth aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activity remained unchanged. Active People, Healthy NationSM highlighted school and youth strategies (eg, sports and physical education [PE]) to increase physical activity. Sex, grade, and race/ethnicity disparities exist. This study examines sex-specific trends and differences by grade and race/ethnicity for the prevalence of 5 youth physical activity behaviors from 2009 to 2019. Methods: The national Youth Risk Behavior Survey assesses adolescents (grades 9–12) meeting the aerobic, muscle-strengthening, and both guidelines (2011–2019) and sports participation and daily PE (2009–2019). Sex-stratified logistic regression assessed trends and 2009 or 2011–2019 differences by grade and racial/ethnic subgroups. Results: Decreases in meeting the aerobic, muscle-strengthening, and both guidelines were observed for nearly all male subgroups by grade and race/ethnicity, whereas female subgroups exhibited declines or no change to low prevalence. Sports and PE participation remained mostly constant; select subgroups showed decreases (ie, Hispanic males [sports]; Black males and ninth-grade females [PE]). Conclusions: Past decade prevalence and patterns suggest that school-based and other strategies for all adolescents and tailored interventions for sex-specific subgroups may be needed to supplement sports and PE in promoting high school youth physical activity.

scholarly journals The Effects of a Brief Lifestyle Intervention on the Health of Overweight Airline Pilots during COVID-19: A 12-Month Follow-Up Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4288
Author(s):  
Daniel Wilson ◽  
Matthew Driller ◽  
Paul Winwood ◽  
Ben Johnston ◽  
Nicholas Gill
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Airline Pilots ◽  
Self Rated Health

The aim of this study was to perform a 12-month follow-up of health parameters after a 17-week lifestyle intervention in overweight airline pilots. A parallel-group (intervention and control) study was conducted amongst 72 overweight airline pilots (body mass index > 25) over a 12-month period following the emergence of COVID-19. The intervention group (n = 35) received a personalized dietary, sleep, and physical activity program over a 17-week period. The control group (n = 37) received no intervention. Measurements for subjective health (physical activity, sleep quality and quantity, fruit and vegetable intake, and self-rated health) via an electronic survey, and objective measures of body mass and blood pressure were taken at baseline and at 12 months. Significant interactions for group × time from baseline to 12-months were found for all outcome measures (p < 0.001). Body mass and mean arterial pressure significantly decreased in the intervention group when compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Outcome measures for subjective health (physical activity, sleep quality and quantity, fruit and vegetable intake, and self-rated health) significantly increased in the intervention group when compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Results provide preliminary evidence that a brief three-component healthy sleep, diet and physical activity intervention can elicit and sustain long-term improvements in body mass and blood pressure management, health behaviors, and perceived subjective health in pilots and may support quality of life during an unprecedented global pandemic.

scholarly journals Physical Activity, Sport and Physical Education in Northern Ireland School Children: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6849
Author(s):  
Sinead Connolly ◽  
Angela Carlin ◽  
Anne Johnston ◽  
Catherine Woods ◽  
Cormac Powell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
School Children ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Primary Pupils

Internationally, insufficient physical activity (PA) is a major health concern. Children in Northern Ireland (NI) are recorded as having the lowest levels of PA in the United Kingdom (UK). To date, validated and representative data on the PA levels of NI school children are limited. The aim of this study was to provide surveillance data on self-reported PA, sport and physical education (PE) participation of school children in NI. Differences between genders and factors associated with PA were also examined. A representative sample of primary (n = 446) and post-primary (n = 1508) children was surveyed in school using validated self-report measures. Findings suggest that PA levels are low, with a minority of children (13%) meeting the PA guidelines (primary pupils 20%, post-primary pupils 11%). NI school children have lower levels of PA, PE and sports participation than UK and European peers. A trend of age-related decline across all the domains of PA was apparent. The data presented highlighted that females are less likely to achieve PA guidelines, children from lower socio-economic background participate in school and community sport less often, and that enjoyment and social support are important variables in PA adherence. Policy solutions that would support implementation e.g., mandatory minimum PE time, whole school approaches to PA promotion and targeted investment in schools, particularly in areas of deprivation and for females, are suggested.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document