scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 and Streptococcus pneumoniae Coinfection in a Previously Healthy Child

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Kimberly C. Vu ◽  
Gloria P. Heresi ◽  
Michael L. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Healthy Child ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Bacterial Coinfection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Viral Respiratory

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. This novel coronavirus has been responsible for a pandemic that continues to devastate nations worldwide. COVID-19, like other viruses, causes pneumonia. However, unlike other viral respiratory tract infections such as influenza, bacterial coinfection in COVID-19 patients has uncommonly been described in adult and pediatric patients. We report a case of Streptococcus pneumoniae and COVID-19 coinfection in a previously healthy 4-year-old child.

scholarly journals The potential application of probiotics and prebiotics for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin N. Olaimat ◽  
Iman Aolymat ◽  
Murad Al-Holy ◽  
Mutamed Ayyash ◽  
Mahmoud Abu Ghoush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Probiotic Supplementation ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Human Immunity ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract COVID-19 is a pandemic disease caused by the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This new viral infection was first identified in China in December 2019, and it has subsequently spread globally. The lack of a vaccine or curative treatment for COVID-19 necessitates a focus on other strategies to prevent and treat the infection. Probiotics consist of single or mixed cultures of live microorganisms that can beneficially affect the host by maintaining the intestinal or lung microbiota that play a major role in human health. At present, good scientific evidence exists to support the ability of probiotics to boost human immunity, thereby preventing colonization by pathogens and reducing the incidence and severity of infections. Herein, we present clinical studies of the use of probiotic supplementation to prevent or treat respiratory tract infections. These data lead to promising benefits of probiotics in reducing the risk of COVID-19. Further studies should be conducted to assess the ability of probiotics to combat COVID-19.

scholarly journals Viral etiology and epidemiology of pediatric patients hospitalized for acute respiratory tract infections in Macao: a retrospective study from 2014 to 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Lei ◽  
Lisong Yang ◽  
Cheong Tat Lou ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Kin Ian SiTou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Viral Etiology ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are among the leading causes of hospitalization in children. Understanding the local dominant viral etiologies is important to inform infection control practices and clinical management. This study aimed to investigate the viral etiology and epidemiology of respiratory infections among pediatric inpatients in Macao. Methods A retrospective study using electronic health records between 2014 and 2017 at Kiang Wu Hospital was performed. Nasopharyngeal swab specimens were obtained from hospitalized children aged 13 years or younger with respiratory tract diseases. xMAP multiplex assays were employed to detect respiratory agents including 10 respiratory viruses. Data were analyzed to describe the frequency and seasonality. Results Of the 4880 children enrolled in the study, 3767 (77.1%) were positive for at least one of the 13 viral pathogens tested, of which 2707 (55.5%) being male and 2635 (70.0%) under 2 years old. Among the positive results, there were 3091 (82.0%) single infections and 676 (18.0%) multiple infections. The predominant viruses included human rhinovirus/enterovirus (HRV/EV 27.4%), adenovirus (ADV, 15.8%), respiratory syncytial virus B (RSVB, 7.8%) and respiratory syncytial virus A (RSVA, 7.8%). The detection of viral infection was the most prevalent in autumn (960/1176, 81.6%), followed by spring (1095/1406, 77.9%), winter (768/992, 77.4%), and summer (944/1306, 72.3%), with HRV/EV and ADV being most commonly detected throughout the 4 years of study period. The detection rate of viral infection was highest among ARI patients presented with croup (123/141, 87.2%), followed by lower respiratory tract infection (1924/2356, 81.7%) and upper respiratory tract infection (1720/2383, 72.2%). FluA, FluB and ADV were positive factors for upper respiratory tract infections. On the other hand, infection with RSVA, RSVB, PIV3, PIV4, HMPV, and EV/RHV were positively associated with lower respiratory tract infections; and PIV1, PIV2, and PIV3 were positively associated with croup. Conclusions This is the first study in Macao to determine the viral etiology and epidemiology of pediatric patients hospitalized for ARIs. The study findings can contribute to the awareness of pathogen, appropriate preventative measure, accurate diagnosis, and proper clinical management of respiratory viral infections among children in Macao.

scholarly journals Prevalence of viral respiratory tract infections in children with asthma

2007 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nino Khetsuriani ◽  
N. Neely Kazerouni ◽  
Dean D. Erdman ◽  
Xiaoyan Lu ◽  
Stephen C. Redd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Viral Respiratory
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