Central Auditory Nervous System Stimulation through the Cochlear Implant Use and Its Behavioral Impacts: A Longitudinal Study of Case Series

Case Reports in Otolaryngology ◽

10.1155/2021/8888450 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Marina Isabel Cavalcanti ◽

Liliane Aparecida Fagundes Silva ◽

Maria Valéria Schmidt Goffi Gomez ◽

Tsuji Robinson Koji ◽

Ricardo Ferreira Bento ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cochlear Implant ◽

Oral Language ◽

Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽

Case Series ◽

Behavioral Skills ◽

Case Series Study ◽

And Gender ◽

Clinical Resource ◽

Effective Use ◽

Cortical Maturation

The purpose of this study was to investigate, over a period of five years, the cortical maturation of the central auditory pathways and its impacts on the auditory and oral language development of children with effective use and without effective use of a Cochlear Implant (CI). A case series study was conducted with seven children who were CI users and seven children with normal hearing, with age- and gender-matched to CI users. The assessment was performed by long-latency auditory evoked potentials and auditory and oral language behavioral protocols. The results pronounced P1 latency decrease in all CI users in the first nine months. Over five years, five children with effective CI use presented decrease or stabilization of P1 latency and a gradual development of auditory and oral language skills, although, for most of the children, the electrophysiological and behavior results remained poor than their hearing peers’ results. Two children who stopped the effective use of CI after the first year of activation had worsened auditory and oral language behavioral skills and presented increased P1 latency. A negative correlation was observed between behavioral measures and the P1 latency, the P1 component being considered an important clinical resource capable of measuring the cortical maturation and the behavioral evolution.

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Effects of the COVID-19 Epidemic on Hospital Admissions for Non-Communicable Diseases in a Large Italian University-Hospital: A Descriptive Case-Series Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10040880 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 880

Author(s):

Caterina Caminiti ◽

Giuseppe Maglietta ◽

Tiziana Meschi ◽

Andrea Ticinesi ◽

Mario Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hospital Admissions ◽

Case Series ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

University Hospital ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Case Series Study ◽

And Gender ◽

Long Term Impact ◽

Series Study

Background: Concern is growing about the negative consequences that response measures to the COVID-19 epidemic may have on the management of other medical conditions. Methods: A retrospective descriptive case-series study conducted at a large University-hospital in northern Italy, an area severely hit by the epidemic. Results: Between 23 February and 14 May 2020, 4160 (52%) COVID-19 and 3778 (48%) non-COVID-19 patients were hospitalized. COVID-19 admissions peaked in the second half of March, a period characterized by an extremely high mortality rate (27.4%). The number of admissions in 2020 was similar to 2019, but COVID-19 patients gradually occupied all available beds. Comparison between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 admissions in 2020 revealed significant differences concerning all age classes and gender. Specifically, COVID-19 patients were older, predominantly male, and exhibited more comorbidities. Overall, admissions for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in 2020 vs. 2019 dropped by approximately one third. Statistically significant reductions were observed for acute myocardial infarction (−78, −33.9%), cerebrovascular disease (−235, −41.5%), and cancer (−368, −31.9%). While the first two appeared equally distributed between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients, chronic NCDs were statistically significantly more frequent in the former, except cancer, which was less frequent in COVID-19 patients. Conclusions: Prevention of collateral damage to patients with other diseases should be an integral part of epidemic response plans. Prospective cohort studies are needed to understand the long-term impact.

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CARCINOMA OF URINARY BLADDER;

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.11.668 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (11) ◽

pp. 1691-1696

Author(s):

Khalid Hussain ◽

Manzoor Ahmad Khan ◽

Attiq ur Rahman Khan ◽

Imran Amin ◽

Muhammad Khalid Butt

Keyword(s):

Bladder Tumor ◽

Tnm Classification ◽

Case Series ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Voiding Symptoms ◽

Case Series Study ◽

And Gender ◽

Muscle Invasive ◽

Male To Female ◽

Gross Haematuria

Introduction: The most common presentation of carcinoma of urinarybladder is haematuria. Almost 80-90% of patients with carcinoma of bladder present eitherwith microscopic or gross haematuria and it is mostly intermittent rather than constant. Somepatients also complain of irritative voiding symptoms such as frequency, urgency and dysuria.Study Design: Descriptive, case series study. Setting: Department of Urology, DHQ Hospital,Gujranwala, Pakistan. Period: July 2015 to June 2016. Materials & Methods: Total 30 patientsirrespective of age and gender with diagnosis of bladder tumor based on clinical symptomsand supported by laboratory tools like Urine cytology, Ultrasound and IVU were included. Thealready diagnosed patients of bladder tumor that have been treated with different modalitieswere excluded. All the tumors were staged according to TNM classification after TURBT andgraded on the basis of histopathology. Results: Mean age was 53.17+16.07SD years. Maleswere 25(83.3%) and females were 5(16.7%). Male to female ratio is 5:1. Twenty eight (93.3%)patients out of 30 presented with painless haematuria. 23(73.33%) patients out of 30 patientswere smokers. 09 (30%) patients had Ta, in which G1 was found in 2 patients and G2 in 7patients. T1 was found in 10 (33.3%) patients, in which G2 was 5(17.3%) and G3 was 5(17.3%)cases. Muscle invasive T2a was diagnosed in 04 patients amongst them G2 and G3 wasdetected in 2(6.6%) patients each respectively. T2b was present in 3 patients, which had G1 in1(3.3%) and G3 in 2(10%) patients. T3b G2 was found 01 patient and T3b G3 was detected in1(3.3%) patient, T4M1 G3 was present in 2(6.6%) patients. Conclusion: This study concludedthat the bladder tumor is quite common with muscle invasive TCC is more common. Painlesshematuria is the commonest presentation and also smoking has a definite association with CAbladder.

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Study of hypocalcemia and its risk factors in post thyroidectomy in Al-Karama Teaching Hospital

Journal of the Faculty of Medicine Baghdad ◽

10.32007/jfacmedbagdad.6041052 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

pp. 185-190

Author(s):

Mohammed H. Surriah ◽

Ahmed N. Hassan ◽

Amine M. Bakkour

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Thyroid Surgery ◽

Case Series ◽

Inferior Thyroid Artery ◽

Pathology Report ◽

Surgical Department ◽

Case Series Study ◽

Extent Of Surgery ◽

And Gender

Background: Hypocalcemia is a well-recognized complication of thyroid surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of hypocalcemia after thyroid surgery and find out the risk factors involved regarding the patient’s age, gender, muscular build, clinical diagnosis, extent of surgery, ligation of the inferior thyroid artery, and pathology report. Patients and Methods: This case series study was carried out on 50 patients who have undergone thyroid surgery for various thyroid diseases at the surgical department of Al-Karama Teaching Hospital for the period between January 2016 and July 2017. Serial serum calcium measurements were recorded as well as details of the operation, patient’s age and gender, whether or not inferior thyroid artery was ligated, and the pathological report. Hypocalcemia was considered transient if it resolved within 6 months and permanent if it persisted after 6 months and the patient was maintained on supplementation therapy of calcium and vitamin D. Results: The study found that the incidence of post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia was 30% and in the majority of the cases (24%) was transient, while it was permanent in only (6%) of the cases; and had occurred mainly after total thyroidectomy and in cases with ligation of the inferior thyroid artery. Conclusions: It was concluded that post thyroidectomy hypocalcemia is a relatively common complication but it is transient in the majority of the patients. Its incidence is related to the extent of the surgery and can be reduced by the good preparation of the patient preoperatively.

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The Value of Electrically Evoked Stapedius Reflex in Determining the Maximum Comfort Level of a Cochlear Implant

Journal of the American Academy of Audiology ◽

10.3766/jaaa.16117 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (04) ◽

pp. 292-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kelly Cristina Lira de Andrade ◽

Lilian Ferreira Muniz ◽

Pedro de Lemos Menezes ◽

Silvio da Silva Caldas Neto ◽

Aline Tenório Lins Carnaúba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cochlear Implant ◽

Dynamic Range ◽

Case Series ◽

Comfort Level ◽

Small Children ◽

Case Series Study ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Stapedius Reflex ◽

Reflex Threshold ◽

Maximum Comfort

AbstractOne of the most important steps for good user performance with a cochlear implant (CI) is activation and programming, aimed at determining the dynamic range. In adults, current levels are determined by psychophysical measures. In babies, small children, or individuals with multiple disorders, this procedure requires techniques that may provide inconsistent responses because of auditory inexperience or the age of the child, making it a very difficult process that demands the collaboration of both the patient and the family.To study the relationship between the electrically evoked stapedius reflex threshold (ESRT) and maximum comfort level for stimulating electrodes (C-level) in postoperative CI users.Cross-sectional analytical observational case series study.We assessed 24 patients of both sexes, aged between 18 and 68 yr, submitted to CI surgery.Otoscopy and immittance. Next, an implant speech processor connected to an Itautec® computer containing the manufacturer’s software (custom sound Ep 3–2) was used, as well as an AT 235h probe inserted into the ear contralateral to the CI to capture the stapedius reflex, obtaining electrically evoked stapedius reflex thresholds.Data from the last programming, defining C-levels for each electrode studied, were extracted from the databank of each patient. The manual decay function of the AT 235h middle ear analyzer was used to observe ESRT response in a same window for a longer response capture time. Electrodes 22, 16, 11, 6, and 1 were tested when active, with the aim of using electrodes over the entire length of the CI, and ESRT was considered present when compliance was ≥0.05 ml. Stimuli, in current units, were always initiated at 20 cu above the C-level. The analysis of variance parametric test, Tukey’s honest significant difference test, the t-test, Wilcoxon nonparametric test, and the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test examined whether significant relationships existed between these other factors.The results demonstrate that all the electrodes selected for the study exhibited higher mean reflex threshold values than their mean C-level counterparts. However, there was no significant difference between them, for electrodes 1, 6, 11, and 16. The data provided allow the use of ESRT to define C-level values and make it possible to stipulate a correction factor ranging between 6 and 25.6 electrical units.The use of electrically evoked stapedius reflex thresholds can help the team in charge of programming CIs, making the process faster and safer, mainly for infants, small children, or individuals with multiple disorders.

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Role of Endoscopy in Round Window Identification during Cochlear Implant

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research ◽

10.9734/jammr/2020/v32i2430777 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 261-264

Author(s):

Ayman Fouad ◽

Fatthe Erfan ◽

Mohamed Hisham Hamed ◽

Yasser Aglan

Keyword(s):

Cochlear Implant ◽

Round Window ◽

Case Series ◽

Mastoid Cavity ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Total Cohort ◽

Case Series Study ◽

Series Study ◽

Transmastoid Approach

Aim: To access the usage of the endoscopy in round window (RW) orientation during cochlear implant (CI). Methodology: This was a retrospective case series study done in Otolaryngology Department, Tanta University, Egypt in 2018 and 2019. Inclusion criterion was all cases with CI surgery in which the endoscopy was used to locate the round window (RW) when this was difficult through the transmastoid approach. Results: The total cohort consisted of 13 CI patients in which endoscopy was used. Age mean was 35.5 years. Situations necessitating the usage of endoscope were: 6/13 with cochlear rotation, 4/13 with very narrow mastoid cavity, and 3/13 with narrow facial recess. By using the endoscope, the RW was fully visualized in all patients and CI insertion done through it. Conclusion: The endoscopy was of great value in some difficult CI cases.

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Cochlear Implant Magnet Dislocation Caused by 1.5T MRI: Case Series Study

Archives of Clinical and Medical Case Reports ◽

10.26502/acmcr.96550275 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 04 (05) ◽

Author(s):

Kento Koda ◽

Akinori Kashio ◽

Tsukasa Uranaka ◽

Yujiro Hoshi ◽

Shigeo Takenouchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cochlear Implant ◽

Case Series ◽

Case Series Study ◽

Magnet Dislocation ◽

Series Study

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Force Plate Analysis of Dogs with Bilateral Hip Dysplasia Treated with a Unilateral Triple Pelvic Osteotomy: A Long-term Review of Cases

Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1632616 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 11 (02) ◽

pp. 85-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Joanne R. Cockshutt ◽

H. Dobson ◽

C. W. Miller ◽

D. L. Holmberg ◽

Connie L. Taves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gait Analysis ◽

Hip Dysplasia ◽

Weight Bearing ◽

Force Plate ◽

Case Series ◽

Pelvic Osteotomy ◽

Vertical Force ◽

Long Term Outcome ◽

Case Series Study

SummaryA retrospective case series study was done to determine the long-term outcome of operations upon dogs treated for canine hip dysplasia by means of a triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO). Twentyfour dogs with bilateral hip dysplasia, that received a unilateral TPO between January 1988 and June 1995, were re-examined at the Ontario Veterinary College. The assessment included physical, orthopedic and lameness examinations, standard blood work, pelvic radiographs and force plate gait analysis. They were compared to bilaterally dysplastic dogs that had not been treated, and also to normal dogs. Force plate data analysis demonstrated a significant increase in peak vertical force (PVF) and mean vertical force over stance (MVF) in the limb that underwent surgical correction by means of a TPO, when compared to the unoperated hip. It was determined that performing a unilateral TPO on a young dysplastic dog resulted in greater forces and weight bearing being projected through the TPO corrected limb when compared to the unoperated limb.Dogs with bilateral hip dysplasia treated with a unilateral triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO) were assessed by force plate gait analysis, radiographs and orthopedic examination. There was a significant increase in hip Norberg angles over time, although degenerative changes did progress. Limbs that had been operated upon had significantly greater peak and mean ground reaction forces than limbs that had not received an operation.

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Effect of Isolated Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction in Patellofemoral Instability Regardless of Predisposing Factors

The Journal of Knee Surgery ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1713898 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jae Ik Lee ◽

Mohd Shahrul Azuan Jaffar ◽

Han Gyeol Choi ◽

Tae Woo Kim ◽

Yong Seuk Lee

Keyword(s):

Medial Patellofemoral Ligament ◽

Trochlear Dysplasia ◽

Case Series ◽

Patellofemoral Instability ◽

International Knee Documentation Committee ◽

Predisposing Factors ◽

Mpfl Reconstruction ◽

Patellar Tilt ◽

Case Series Study

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of isolated medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction, regardless of the presence of predisposing factors. A total of 21 knees that underwent isolated MPFL reconstruction from March 2014 to August 2017 were included in this retrospective series. Radiographs of the series of the knee at flexion angles of 20, 40, and 60 degrees were acquired. The patellar position was evaluated using the patellar tilt angle, sulcus angle, congruence angle (CA), and Caton-Deschamps and Blackburne-Peel ratios. To evaluate the clinical outcome, the preoperative and postoperative International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Lysholm knee scoring scales were analyzed. To evaluate the postoperative outcomes based on the predisposing factors, the results were separately analyzed for each group. Regarding radiologic outcomes, 20-degree CA was significantly reduced from 10.37 ± 5.96° preoperatively to −0.94 ± 4.11° postoperatively (p = 0.001). In addition, regardless of the predisposing factors, delta values of pre- and postoperation of 20-degree CA were not significantly different in both groups. The IKDC score improved from 53.71 (range: 18–74) preoperatively to 94.71 (range: 86–100) at the last follow-up (p = 0.004), and the Lysholm score improved from 54.28 (range: 10–81) preoperatively to 94.14 (range: 86–100) at the last follow-up (p = 0.010). Isolated MPFL reconstruction provides a safe and effective treatment for patellofemoral instability, even in the presence of mild predisposing factors, such as trochlear dysplasia, increased patella height, increased TT–TG distance, or valgus alignment. This is a Level 4, case series study.

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