scholarly journals The Clinical Characteristics and CT Findings of Parotid and Submandibular Gland Tumours

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Houdong Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Malignant Tumour ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Superficial Lobe ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Objective. To investigate the clinical characteristics and CT findings of parotid and submandibular gland tumours. Materials and methods. From May 2017 to April 2020, all patients with clinically proven parotid and submandibular gland enlargement and palpable masses underwent CT examinations. All patients were confirmed by pathology after surgery. The clinical characteristics and CT features were observed and evaluated. The mean density values before and after enhancement were measured and analyzed. The chi-square test, one-way ANOVA, and Student's t-test were used. Results. Ninety-four patients with a total of 94 unilateral tumours in the parotid and submandibular glands were enrolled, including 38 pleomorphic adenomas (PAs), 27 Warthin’s tumours (WTs), and 29 malignant tumours (MTs). The majority of the PAs (28/38) and MTs (23/29) were located in the parotid gland; the others were located in the submandibular gland. All the WTs were in the parotid gland. The most common benign tumours of the parotid gland were PAs (28/38, 73.7%) and WTs (27/27, 100%), and the most common MTs were mucoepidermoid carcinoma, acinic cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma (4/29, 13.8%). The most common benign and malignant tumours in the submandibular gland were PAs (10/38, 26.3%) and ductal adenocarcinomas (3/4, 75%). The majority of PA patients (28/38) were female, compared with WT (2/27) ( P < 0.001 ) and malignant tumour patients (10/29) ( P < 0.01 ). A significant difference was also found between WTs and MTs in female patients ( P < 0.05 ). The mean age of PA patients was 43.4 ± 12.1 years, which was lower than that of WTs (62.1 ± 11.7) and MTs (58 ± 14.18) ( P < 0.001 , P < 0.001 , and P = 0.244 , respectively). On CT imaging, the mean diameter of the PAs and WTs was significantly smaller than that of the MTs ( P = 0.001 and P < 0.001 ), and no difference was observed between the PAs and WTs ( P = 0.275 ). In the parotid gland, the superficial lobe was more frequently involved than the deep lobe (PAs, 22 : 6; WTs, 17 : 10; and MTs, 15 : 8). The majority of PAs and WTs demonstrated round shapes (25/38, 19/27) and were well defined (30/38, 24/27); by contrast, most MTs were lobulated, irregular shapes (24/29), and ill defined (25/29). On plain CT, the PAs were usually homogeneous, while MTs were frequently heterogeneous, with more necrosis, larger cystic areas, and more haemorrhage or calcification. The mean CT values of PAs, WTs, and MTs were 39.2 ± 3.9 HU, 39.1 ± 3.0 HU, and 37.6 ± 3.1 HU ( P > 0.05 ), respectively. On contrast CT, the WTs were significantly enhanced compared with MTs and PAs, with mean CT values of 53.5 ± 4.0 HU, 84.4 ± 6.0 HU, and 65.2 ± 3.8 HU, respectively (all P < 0.001 ). The mean CT value changes for PAs, WTs, and MTs (∆) were 14.4 ± 3.0 HU, 45.3 ± 4.5 HU, and 27.7 ± 2.5 HU, respectively. Significant differences were observed between ∆PAs and ∆WTs, ∆PAs and ∆MTs, and ∆WTs and ∆MTs (all P < 0.001 ). Conclusion. Parotid and submandibular gland tumours have some typical clinical characteristics and CT findings, and plain and early contrast-phase CT combined with clinical parameters may be helpful for diagnosis.

scholarly journals Clinicopathological study of salivary gland neoplasm

1970 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Towhidul Islam Mondol ◽  
Bithi Vhoumik ◽  
AHM Zahurul Huq ◽  
Debesh Chandra Talukder
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Malignant Tumour ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Salivary Gland Neoplasm ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Parotid Tumour ◽  
Superficial Lobe

An observational study was done in 60 cases of benign and malignant salivary gland. Patients were collected from ENT Department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka during the period of September 2003 to August 2004. Here patients belonged to different age group range from 21 to 80 years. Parotid gland was involved in 50 cases and submandibular gland in 10 cases. In case of parotid gland 35 cases found benign and 15 cases were malignant. In submandibular gland benign and malignant cases were equal. Histopathological study showed, 60% were pleomorphic adenoma and 10% were Warthin's tumour in case of parotid gland. In malignant cases mucoepidermoid cases, adenoid cystic carcinoma were equal 10%. Common presenting feature was swelling, that is 100% followed by pain 26.66% and skin involvement in 8.3%. Duration of symptoms varies from 2 month to 12 years. In parotid tumours, superficial lobe was affected in 97.14%. All of the patients were treated surgically. In case of benign parotid tumour. Superficial parotidectomy was done in 97.14%. Total conservative parotidectomy was done in 2.85%. In case of malignant tumour, total conservative parotidectomy was done in 33.34% case, radical energy needed in 46.66%. Key words: Salivary gland neoplasmDOI: 10.3329/bjo.v15i1.4306 Bangladesh J of Otorhinolaryngology 2009; 15(1): 17-25

scholarly journals Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Parotid Gland Tumors with MRI and Diffusion Weighted Imaging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umut Perçem Orhan Söylemez ◽  
Başak Atalay
Keyword(s):  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Perineural Spread ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Parotid Gland Tumors ◽  
Superficial Lobe ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pleomorphic Adenomas ◽  
Adc Values

Objective: This study investigated the effectivity of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) value in evaluating parotid gland tumors (PGTs), and aimed to reduce the biopsy procedure before surgery. Methods: This retrospective study included 54 PGTs of 42 patients’ (24 female, 18 male, mean age; 51.4±15.9). All of the patients had an MRI, and histopathologic diagnosis. The signal intensity [T1 and T2 Weighted (W), T1W after intravenous contrast agent injection] and mean ADC values of the PGTs were measured. Also contrast enhancement pattern (homogenous, heterogeneous, peripheral or none), margin features (well or ill-defined), sizes, location (superficial lobe/deeplobe/both), perineural spread, presence of lymphadenopathy, and extension to adjacent structures were noted. Results: The distribution of PGTs was; 21 pleomorphic adenomas, 18 Warthin tumors, 2 lymph nodes, 2 mucoepidermoid carcinomas, 5 adenoid cystic carcinoma, 1 basal cell carcinoma,2 metastases and 2 lymphomas; (13 malignant and 41 benign lesions). Morphologic parameters; ill-defined margin, perineural spread, lymphadenopathy, and extension to adjacent structures were found to be significantly associated with malign lesions (p<0.01). There was a significant difference between ADC values of malignant and benign PGTs (p<0.05). Also ADC values and T2 signal intensity was significantly lower in Warthin tumors rather than pleomorphic adenomas (p<0.05). Conclusions: Mean ADC values when considered with morphological features may be accessible methods to distinguish benign and malignant PGTs, also ADC values and T2 signal intensity may be useful for differentiating pleomorphic adenomas from Warthin tumors, thereby reducing the number of biopsies and thus complications.

Clinical characteristics of acinic cell carcinoma and secretory carcinoma of the parotid gland

2019 ◽  
Vol 276 (12) ◽  
pp. 3461-3466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Terada ◽  
Ryo Kawata ◽  
Keiki Noro ◽  
Masaaki Higashino ◽  
Shuji Nishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Acinic Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Secretory Carcinoma ◽  
Acinic Cell

Malignant Transformation of Mature Cystic Teratoma: Is Squamous Cell Carcinoma Different From the Other Types of Neoplasm?

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1650-1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munetoshi Akazawa ◽  
Sachiko Onjo
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cystic Teratoma ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Mean

ObjectivesMalignant transformation of mature cystic teratoma (MCT) is rare. Unlike squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in MCT, the other types of neoplasm in MCT have not been discussed in publications. We analyzed the clinical characteristics and prognosis of the other types of neoplasm (non-SCC) compared with those of SCC.MethodsA systematic literature search of literature published from 2000 to 2017 was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. We reviewed case series that included all pathological types of malignant transformation.ResultsA total of 155 cases from 15 case series, including our cases, were included. Of the cases, 90 (58%) were SCC and 65 (42%) were non-SCC, including adenocarcinoma, carcinoid tumor, thyroid carcinoma, sarcoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, melanoma, sebaceous carcinoma, oligodendroglioma, signet ring cell carcinoma, and transitional cell carcinoma, in descending order of frequency. The mean ages of patients with SCC and non-SCC were 50.5 and 48.9 years, respectively. The mean tumor sizes were 14.7 cm in SCC and 13.9 cm in non-SCC. Surgical approaches were similar. First-line chemotherapy for epithelial ovarian cancers was the most commonly used regimen in SCC and non-SCC. Overall survival did not differ significantly, showing better prognosis in stage I and poor prognosis in stages II, III, and IV. A difference in overall survival was observed among pathological types of non-SCC.ConclusionsClinical characteristics and outcomes did not differ significantly between SCC and non-SCC. However, chemotherapy regimens differed to some extent, and the possibility of difference in overall survival among pathological types of non-SCC was suggested.

p53 and bcl-2 expression and argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions in patients with malignant maxillary sinus tumours

1997 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torahiko Nakashima ◽  
Tadashi Nakashima ◽  
Muneyuki Masuda ◽  
Sohtaro Komiyama
Keyword(s):  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer Regions ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Clinicopathological Findings ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Maxillary Tumours ◽  
Argyrophilic Nucleolar Organizer Regions

AbstractTo investigate the relation between the clinicopathological findings, and the survival of patients with malignant tumours of the maxillary sinus, and the tumour's biological parameters, we examined the expression of p53 and bcl-2 and the number of silver-stainable nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) in 23 paraffin-embedded specimens from primary tumours. Fifteen of 23 (65 per cent) maxillary tumours expressed p53 and two of 23 (nine per cent) tumours expressed the bcl-2 gene product. The mean number of AgNORs per nucleus was 5.2 ± 2.4. There was no relationship between the expression of p53 or bcl-2 and the patient's clinical course. In contrast, there was a statistically significant difference in the survival of patients with a high (>6) number of AgNORs and patients with a low (<6) number of AgNORs. These data suggest that the number of AgNORs may be useful in evaluating the prognosis of patients with malignant maxillary sinus tumours.

scholarly journals The effects of astaxanthin on salivary gland damage caused by cisplatin in the rat

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1410
Author(s):  
Suat Terzi ◽  
Abdulkadir Özgür ◽  
Tolga Mercantepe ◽  
Metin Çeliker ◽  
Levent Tümkaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Background: Cisplatin is a potent antineoplastic agent widely used for a variety of malignancies. However, it has many dose-limiting side effects such as neurotoxicity, cytotoxicity and ototoxicity. The aim of our study was to determine the effectiveness of astaxanthin (ASX) as a cytoprotective agent against cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in the submandibular glands of rats.Methods: Thirty-six adult male Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups as follows: group I: saline control; group II: 75 mg/kg/day ASX; group III: 16 mg/kg cisplatin; group IV: 25 mg/kg/day ASX + cisplatin; group V: 75 mg/kg/day ASX + cisplatin; group VI: olive oil + cisplatin. In all groups, submandibular gland histopathological and histochemical investigations were done using a light microscope. Every rat section was semi-quantitatively scored. Neutrophil infiltration density, myoepithelial cell density in the degeneration area, degenerative granular duct cell density, degenerative seromucous acinus cell density, and changes in the content of the secretory granules of seromucous acini and granular ducts of the parenchyma and stroma were calculated.Results: The results of the analysis of the mean acinus area of the submandibular gland revealed that there was a significant decrease in cisplatin group rats when compared to control rats (p<0.05, p=0.00). However, there was no significant difference between-group IV, V and control group in terms of mean acinus area. (p=0.541, p=0.773). The results of the analysis of the mean ducts area of the submandibular gland also showed that there were significant increased group III compared to control rats (p<0.05, p=0.031). There was no significant difference between-group IV, V and control group in terms of mean ducts area (p>0.05, p=0.921). Similarities were observed in the mean ducts area with the group IV and the group V (p>0.05, p=0.571).Conclusions: These results suggest the possibility that the clinical use of ASX could reduce or prevent damage to the salivary gland of patients receiving cisplatin chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Clinicopathological Examination of Metaplastic Spindle Cell Carcinoma of the Breast: Case Series

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 117822342110394
Author(s):  
Yumiko Ishizuka ◽  
Yoshiya Horimoto ◽  
Naotake Yanagisawa ◽  
Atsushi Arakawa ◽  
Katsuya Nakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Spindle Cell ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Spindle Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Metaplastic Carcinoma ◽  
Programmed Death ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cell Components ◽  
The Mean

Background: Spindle cell carcinoma (SpCC) of the breast is a rare histological type, a subtype of metaplastic carcinoma characterized by atypical spindle cell and epithelial carcinoma. The proportions of the spindle cell and epithelial components vary among tumours. Due to its rarity, biological characteristics of this disease have been poorly studied. Methods: In total, 10 patients with SpCC were surgically treated at our institution from January 2007 to December 2018. We retrospectively investigated these SpCC cases, focusing on the differences between spindle cell and epithelial components. Microsatellite status was also examined. Results: Nine cases were triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The rates of high tumour grade were 70% in spindle cell components and 56% in epithelial components ( P = .65), while the mean Ki67 labelling index were 63% and 58%, respectively ( P = .71). Mean programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in these components was 11% and 1%, respectively ( P = .20). All 10 tumours were microsatellite stable. Patient outcomes of triple-negative SpCC did not differ from those of propensity-matched patients with conventional TNBC. Conclusions: Spindle cell components showed higher values in factors examined, although there was no statistically significant difference. Our data reveal that these 2 components of SpCC may be of different biological nature.

scholarly journals Comparison of Clinical Characteristics and Ultrasound Features of Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma and Ovarian High-Grade Serous Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Lin-Xue Qian ◽  
Xue-Jing wei
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Clear Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Serous Carcinoma ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ultrasound Features

Abstract Purpose To investigate clinical and ultrasound features for differentiating ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) from ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC). Methods Forty-five patients with OCCC and 72 patients with HGSC were retrospectively studied. Patient clinical characteristics and ultrasound features of tumors were evaluated. The differences, including laterality, menopausal status, Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage between OCCC and HGSC patients were compared by Fisher’s exact test. The ultrasound features of tumors, including laterality, shape, configuration, color score, peritoneal implantation, and ascites, were evaluated and compared between the two groups. Results The average age at diagnosis in the OCCC group was 57.6±11.1 (range, 30–76) years, and 35.56% of patients were premenopausal. However, the average age at diagnosis was 63.4±12.2 (range, 42-81) years and 33.33% of patients were premenopausal in the HGSC group. There was a statistically significant difference in unilaterality (P< 0.001), clear boundaries (P<0.05), round or oval shape (P <0.05), and color score (P<0.05). Compared to HGSC patients, fewer OCCC patients had peritoneal implantation and ascites. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean size of papillary projections in OCCC and HGSC (P<0.05). The mean size of the papillary projections was significantly larger in OCCC than in HGSC. Conclusions OCCC commonly appeared as a large, round or oval mass with a clear boundary; the papillary projections of OCCC are larger and round. In contrast, HGSC was typically a large, irregular tumor with solid masses or mixed cystic-solid masses with small papillary projections.

Comparison of free vascularized fibular flaps and allograft fibular strut grafts to supplement spinopelvic reconstruction for sacral malignancies

2021 ◽  
Vol 103-B (8) ◽  
pp. 1414-1420
Author(s):  
Elizabeth P. Wellings ◽  
Matthew T. Houdek ◽  
Aaron R. Owen ◽  
Karim Bakri ◽  
Michael J. Yaszemski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumour ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Musculoskeletal Tumor ◽  
Musculoskeletal Tumor Society ◽  
Total N ◽  
Hardware Failure ◽  
Spinopelvic Fixation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Aims Orthopaedic and reconstructive surgeons are faced with large defects after the resection of malignant tumours of the sacrum. Spinopelvic reconstruction is advocated for resections above the level of the S1 neural foramina or involving the sacroiliac joint. Fixation may be augmented with either free vascularized fibular flaps (FVFs) or allograft fibular struts (AFSs) in a cathedral style. However, there are no studies comparing these reconstructive techniques. Methods We reviewed 44 patients (23 female, 21 male) with a mean age of 40 years (SD 17), who underwent en bloc sacrectomy for a malignant tumour of the sacrum with a reconstruction using a total (n = 20), subtotal (n = 2), or hemicathedral (n = 25) technique. The reconstructions were supplemented with a FVF in 25 patients (57%) and an AFS in 19 patients (43%). The mean length of the strut graft was 13 cm (SD 4). The mean follow-up was seven years (SD 5). Results There was no difference in the mean age, sex, length of graft, size of the tumour, or the proportion of patients with a history of treatment with radiotherapy in the two groups. Reconstruction using an AFS was associated with nonunion (odds ratio 7.464 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.77 to 31.36); p = 0.007) and a significantly longer mean time to union (12 months (SD 3) vs eight (SD 3); p = 0.001) compared with a reconstruction using a FVF. Revision for a pseudoarthrosis was more likely to occur in the AFS group compared with the FVF group (hazard ratio 3.84 (95% CI 0.74 to 19.80); p = 0.109); however, this was not significant. Following the procedure, 32 patients (78%) were mobile with a mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Score 93 of 52% (SD 24%). There was a significantly higher mean score in patients reconstructed with a FVF compared with an AFS (62% vs 42%; p = 0.003). Conclusion Supplementation of spinopelvic reconstruction with a FVF was associated with a shorter time to union and a trend towards a reduced risk of hardware failure secondary to nonunion compared with reconstruction using an AFS. Spinopelvic fixation supplemented with a FVF is our preferred technique for reconstruction following resection of a sacral tumour. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(8):1414–1420.

scholarly journals Comprehensive study of ovarian tumours in Kathmandu University Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-179
Author(s):  
Suman Raj Tamrakar ◽  
Ramesh Makaju ◽  
Abha Shrestha ◽  
Suresh Kayastha
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Teratoma ◽  
Malignant Tumour ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Primary Malignancy ◽  
Benign Ovarian Tumours ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ovarian Tumours ◽  
The Mean

Background: Ovarian tumours account for 15% to 25% of all primary malignancy and the leading cause of death from gynaecolgical malignancies. There are limited publications related to ovarian tumours from Nepal. Ovarian related surgeries are the common surgeries in Kathmandu University Hospital. This study aims to provide basic information related to ovarian tumours from this geographical region of Nepal. Objectives: To review the nature of ovarian problems and certain socio-demographic information namely: caste, age, address and co-morbid condition of the patients presenting with ovarian problems. Methodology: This is a retrospective study of patients seeking surgical treatment of ovarian lesions in Kathmandu University Hospital from January 1, 2011 to June 30, 2018. This study was undertaken by reviewing the inpatient, outpatients and OT records in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and the records from Department of Pathology. All the files and computer records were reviewed and analyzed for nature of ovarian problems and certain demographic variables. Results: Out of the 860 cases, about 61% were non-neoplastic while benign ovarian tumours and malignant ovarian tumours were 35% and 3.7 % respectively. Almost one third of the cases were of Brahmin/Chhetri (37.3%) and 58.3% of the patients were from Kavre district. Mean age of the patients with ovarian problems was 34.89±11.15 years (range 12-72 years). There was no statistically significant difference between the mean age of patients with non-neoplastic ovarian lesions and neoplastic ovarian lesions (p value = 0.3371). There was statistically significant difference between the mean age of patients with benign ovarian tumours and malignant ovarian tumours (p value = 0.0001). And malignant ovarian tumours were significantly high among patients above 41 years in comparison to benign ovarian tumours of same age group (p value = 0.0008). Out of 32, ten malignant ovarian tumours occurred in relatively young age group. Of the 860 ovarian lesions, 438 and 422 ovarian lesions were removed through open technique and laparoscopic techniques respectively. Mature cystic teratoma (64.1%) was the commonest benign tumor and serous cyst adenocarcinoma (43.8%) was the commonest malignant tumour in this study. Conclusion: Ovarian tumours are one of the gynaecological diagnoses in Kathmandu University Hospital. If only ovarian neoplasms are considered, most of the ovarian tumours are benign and few are malignant. Minimal invasive surgeries are possible, except that for malignant ovarian tumours.

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