scholarly journals Postfailure Characterization of Shallow Landslides Using the Material Point Method

Geofluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Thanh Son Nguyen ◽  
Kuo-Hsin Yang ◽  
Chia-Chun Ho ◽  
Feng-Chi Huang
Keyword(s):  
Slope Failure ◽  
Material Point Method ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Material Point ◽  
Shallow Landslides ◽  
Point Method ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Runout Distance ◽  
Sensitivity Assessment ◽  
Kinematic Behavior

Although the mechanisms of slope failure caused by rising groundwater have been widely investigated, the kinematic behavior of landslides in the postfailure stage, which contains essential information for hazard mitigation and risk assessment, has not yet been fully studied. Thus, in this study, a series of numerical simulations using the material point method (MPM) were conducted to analyze the kinematic behavior and soil movement of shallow landslides (infinite slope problems). First, the proposed MPM formulation was validated in a full-scale landslide flume test. The simulated results of final slope profile, runout distance, deposit height, shear band development, slope displacement, and velocity accorded with the experimental results, suggesting that the MPM can quantitatively simulate large deformations. A parametric study of shallow slopes with various hydrological conditions and soil hydraulic and soil mechanical parameters was then performed to assess the influence of the aforementioned factors on landslide kinematics. The simulation results indicated that mechanical behavior at the slope toe is complex; the multiple plastic shear bands generated at the slope toe were due to a combination of shearing and compression. The deposition profile of the slopes was significantly influenced by all input parameters. Among the aforementioned parameters, soil cohesion, location of the groundwater table, and saturated soil permeability most greatly affected runout distance in the sensitivity assessment. Soil friction angle had a minor influence on the kinematic behavior of the slope.

scholarly journals Runout evaluation of Oso landslide with the material point method

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 1304-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba Yerro ◽  
Kenichi Soga ◽  
Jonathan Bray
Keyword(s):  
Material Point Method ◽  
Material Point ◽  
Point Method ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Long Runout ◽  
Runout Distance ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Large Deformation Problems ◽  
Landslide Runout ◽  
Landslide Movement

Long runout landslides can cause significant damage and represent one of the most important problems in geotechnical engineering. Understanding the mechanics of the landslide runout process is important for risk assessment and is challenging due to its complexities. This work examines the runout of the 22 March 2014 Oso, Washington, landslide. The Oso landslide is one of the worst landslide disasters in USA history with 43 fatalities. It occurred in multiple failure stages, involving several failure surfaces and significant soil softening, and travelled over 1 km across the valley. It initiated after a period of wet weather in an area prone to landslide movements. The triggering causes of the landslide movement are still under investigation. In this paper, the material point method is used to simulate the runout of the Oso landslide. This numerical tool is capable of modeling large deformation problems. It is used to investigate several hypothetical scenarios to identify key factors that contributed to the Oso landslide long runout distance.

Investigating erosion and entrainment of snow avalanches using the material point method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingyue Li ◽  
Betty Sovilla ◽  
Camille Ligneau ◽  
Chenfanfu Jiang ◽  
Johan Gaume
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Material Point Method ◽  
Material Point ◽  
Point Method ◽  
Snow Avalanches ◽  
Runout Distance ◽  
Gravity Driven ◽  
Erosion Mechanisms ◽  
Dynamics Models

<p>Erosion and entrainment are critical processes in gravity-driven mass flows like snow avalanches, as they can significantly change the flow mass and momentum and thus affect the flow dynamics. In snow avalanches, snow cover can be considerably eroded but only partially entrained into the flow. Differentiating erosion and entrainment gives more accurate prediction of the increased flow mass and offers information on eroded snow cover remaining on the slope, but is challenging in practice. This study investigates snow avalanche erosion and entrainment with the material point method, focusing on exploring various erosion mechanisms, differences in erosion and entrainment, and their possible influences on runout distance. By using different mechanical properties for the flowing snow, distinct erosion patterns are observed and the corresponding temporal evolutions of entrainment, erosion, and deposition in the erodible bed are examined. Erosion and entrainment require an appropriate combination of snow friction and cohesion of the bed. If cohesion and/or friction are too low, the bed will naturally be unstable. On the other hand, highly cohesive and frictional bed will prevent erosion. For intermediate values, erosion and entrainment can be notable, and the amount of eroded snow shows a clear negative correlation with snow friction and cohesion while the entrained snow does not demonstrate a strong tendency. Furthermore, the release and erodible bed lengths are varied to study their effect on erosion and entrainment propensity. It is found that the increase in the lengths of the release zone and erodible bed leads to more erosion and entrainment as expected, but not necessarily to a longer runout distance. In our simulations, the release and erodible bed lengths are positively and negatively correlated with the runout distance, respectively. This implies that the runout distance can have opposite trends with erosion and entrainment, which might be closely related to the energy change of the simulated avalanches from the outlet of the erodible bed to the final deposit. Our results shed more light into the erosion and entrainment mechanisms and may contribute to improve related parametrizations in large-scale avalanche dynamics models.</p>

scholarly journals Slope failure analysis using the random material point method

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Wang ◽  
M. A. Hicks ◽  
P. J. Vardon
Keyword(s):  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Slope Failure ◽  
Material Point Method ◽  
Material Point ◽  
Point Method

Simulating Ice-Structure Interaction With the Material Point Method

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaomei Wang ◽  
Biye Yang ◽  
Guiyong Zhang ◽  
Yichen Jiang ◽  
Zhi Zong
Keyword(s):  
Yield Criterion ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Material Point Method ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Material Point ◽  
Point Method ◽  
Structure Interaction ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Large Deformation Problems

The process of ice-structure interaction is a complex problem which is influenced by the properties of both ice and the structure. In this paper, the material point method (MPM) is introduced to simulate the interaction between an ice sheet and a cylinder structure. MPM is efficient in solving history dependent and large deformation problems and has shown advantage in hyper-velocity impact and landslide issues, etc.. The constitutive relation of ice is based on elasto-viscous-plastic model with the Drucker-Pragers yield criterion. Ice follows the Maxwell elasto-viscous model before the yield criterion is reached and fails when the plastic strain surpasses the failure strain. Meanwhile, the constitutive model used in this work considers the effect of the Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, density, temperature, cohesive force and internal friction angle of ice. A series of simulations are conducted and the results are in accord with existing theories. According to the comparison, the influences of ice temperature and penetration speed of the structure on the global ice load are testified. The numerical tests have proven the feasibility of MPM in simulating the interaction between an ice sheet and a cylinder structure. Future work in ice-structure interaction problems with MPM is also discussed.

scholarly journals Modeling The Post-Failure And Run-Off For a Translational Landslide In Taiwan By Material Point Method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-Hsuan Yeh ◽  
Yi-Chun Lai ◽  
Louis Ge ◽  
Shih-Hao Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Large Deformation ◽  
Slope Failure ◽  
Numerical Technique ◽  
Material Point Method ◽  
Material Point ◽  
Point Method ◽  
Translational Landslide ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Critical Timing

Abstract The material point method (MPM) is an extended finite element method that can be used to simulate large deformation scenarios. A massive translational landslide in Taiwan was adopted to validate the numerical technique as thorough investigations, including the digital terrain models (DTMs), laboratory experiments, and numerical analyses, were available in a forensic report. The MPM code Anura3D was used to mimic the landslide’s kinematics, post-failure, and run-off process. An unstable sandstone/shale interlayer was found to lead the slope sliding; therefore, the before-and-after DTMs from the report mentioned above were used to examine the run-off distance and deposition to determine the best fit of reduced material properties for this layer. The sliding paths, displacements, velocities of the sliding can be evaluated by dividing the material points into several groups to differentiate the kinematic among them. Meanwhile, the simulations were compared with different numerical methods. The landslide duration and possible maximum safety distance were also assessed. This study has demonstrated that the MPM can analyze the large deformation, post-failure, and run-off distance of landslides. The critical timing of a slope failure is possible to be an essential index on national spatial planning for future disaster reduction.

scholarly journals A Hybrid Material Point Method for Frictional Contact with Diverse Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuchen Han ◽  
Theodore F. Gast ◽  
Qi Guo ◽  
Stephanie Wang ◽  
Chenfanfu Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Material ◽  
Frictional Contact ◽  
Material Point Method ◽  
Material Point ◽  
Point Method

Three-dimensional face stability analysis of shallow tunnels using numerical limit analysis and material point method

2021 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 103904
Author(s):  
Fabricio Fernández ◽  
Jhonatan E.G. Rojas ◽  
Eurípedes A. Vargas ◽  
Raquel Q. Velloso ◽  
Daniel Dias
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Limit Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Material Point Method ◽  
Material Point ◽  
Point Method ◽  
Face Stability ◽  
Shallow Tunnels ◽  
Dimensional Face
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