scholarly journals Distribution and Numbers of Three Globally Threatened Waterbird Species Wintering in Morocco: The Common Pochard, Marbled Teal, and White-Headed Duck

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Asmaâ Ouassou ◽  
Mohamed Dakki ◽  
Mohammed-Aziz El Agbani ◽  
Abdeljebbar Qninba ◽  
R’himou El Hamoumi
Keyword(s):  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Large Database ◽  
National Importance ◽  
Waterbird Species ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
International Importance ◽  
Regional Population ◽  
The Common ◽  
Key Sites

Morocco plays a key role in the life of many migratory birds and their survival, thanks to the diversity and richness of its ecosystems. The International Waterbird Census (IWC) has been regularly implemented in Morocco since 1983. Thanks to this program, a large database on wintering waterbirds’ populations has been collected. In this article, we summarize the wintering data of three globally threatened waterbirds: Aythya ferina, Marmaronetta angustirostris, and Oxyura leucocephala. The population of Aythya ferina, which is declining, is largely distributed in the country, in over a hundred wetlands, 26 of which verify the national importance criteria. Marmaronetta angustirostris has a stable trend over the years even though its population can know high annual fluctuations; it winters in more or less 50 wetlands, among which 18 host more than 1% of its regional population and 16 verify the criteria for national importance. On the contrary, Oxyura leucocephala, a globally endangered bird only encountered in a dozen wetlands, shows a moderate increase in its numbers; only two wetlands verify the Ramsar criterion 6, while a total of six can be considered of national importance. Furthermore, given the conservation statuses of these waterbirds and according to the Ramsar criterion 2, all their hosting sites are of international importance. The results presented in this paper are a crucial step for the adoption and implementation of adequate conservation measures for the species and their key sites. Nevertheless, comprehensive research and coordinated efforts on the factors (ecological and anthropogenic) influencing the species, at the national and international levels, are required for a better understanding of their populations’ dynamics.

scholarly journals Business Co-operatives in Australia: “Unlikely Soil for a Co-operative Movement”

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Greg Patmore ◽  
Nikola Balnave ◽  
Olivera Marjanovic
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
The Self ◽  
Small Business Owners ◽  
Large Database ◽  
Average Life ◽  
Direct Competition ◽  
The Common ◽  
Over Time

While co-operatives are traditionally associated with workers, consumers, and farmers, the business model, with its emphasis on democracy and community, has also been adopted by small business owners, the self-employed, and professionals. These business co-operatives are distinct phenomenon, because they primarily consist of independent organizational entities that are not co-operatives and are generally in direct competition with one another. They are unique in that they bring together separate organizations that seek to combat market threats while adopting a philosophy based on co-operative principles. This article begins with an overview of the Australian co-operative landscape. It then defines the concept of business co-operatives and then draws upon the Visual Atlas of Australian Co-operatives History Project, which has developed a large database of Australian co-operatives over time and space, to examine the development of business co-operatives in Australia. It looks at where business co-operatives formed in the economy, the motivation underlying their formation, their average life spans, and their relationships with the broader co-operative movement. The article highlights the value of business co-operatives in introducing the values of participatory democracy and working for the common good into unanticipated markets and reinforcing the co-operative movement.

Evaluation of enteromicroflora of common crane (Grus grus) as a potential reservoir of bacterial antimicrobial resistance

Biologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ľudmila Hamarová ◽  
Matej Repel ◽  
Peter Javorský ◽  
Peter Pristaš
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Potential Reservoir ◽  
Grus Grus ◽  
Common Crane ◽  
The Common

AbstractMigratory birds could be important vectors of pathogenic bacteria and antimicrobial resistance transmissions over long distances. The common crane (

scholarly journals Population trends and priority conservation sites for Mexican Duck Anas diazi

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Perez-Arteaga ◽  
K. J. Gaston ◽  
M. Kershaw
Keyword(s):  
Ramsar Convention ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Large Fluctuations ◽  
International Importance ◽  
Current Minimum ◽  
Central Highlands ◽  
Key Sites ◽  
Long Term Trend ◽  
Northern Highlands

Little is known about Mexican Duck Anas diazi biology and populations. We analyse long-term (1960–2000) trends of Mexican Duck numbers in Mexico and employ contemporary count data (1991–2000) from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service midwinter surveys to identify key sites for conservation using a complementarity approach. The overall Mexican Duck population showed a significant long-term increase of 2.5% per year, with large fluctuations throughout the study period. The Northern highlands population increased at an annual rate of 7.7%, while the Central highlands population showed no significant long-term trend. During the last decade, counts in both the Northern and Central highlands exhibited no significant change. At the site level, significant long-term increases occurred in four localities in the Northern highlands (Laguna Bab�cora +13.9% annually, Laguna Bustillos +25.9%, Laguna Mexicanos +20.4% and Laguna Santiaguillo +16.9%) and in three localities in the Central highlands (Languillo +15.3% annually, Presa Solís +8.9%, Zacapu +13.4%). Two sites in the Central highlands showed significant declines, in the long term (Lago de Chapala, -5.2% per year) and during the last decade (Lerma, -11.8% per year). The Northern highlands held 16% and the Central highlands 84% of the Mexican Duck population in the period 1960–2000; during the last decade, these figures were 31% and 69%, respectively. A set of priority sites for conservation of the Mexican Duck was identified, consisting of 15 sites holding more than 70% of the midwinter Mexican Duck counts in Mexico. Ten sites from the priority set also qualify for designation as wetlands of international importance under the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands, by holding ≥ 1% of the estimated population. Four of the priority sites are in the Northern highlands and 11 in the Central highlands, of which eight are distributed along the Rio Lerma drainage. The most urgent actions that need to be undertaken are to estimate the current minimum population size in Mexico; to establish a programme for monitoring populations in the priority sites, especially those located within the highly degraded Rio Lerma drainage; and to determine the most feasible management actions for the species, concentrating efforts around the priority sites.

Sex, the brain and hypertension: brain oestrogen receptors and high blood pressure risk factors

2015 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith Hay
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Oestrogen Receptors ◽  
The Common ◽  
Key Sites ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Underlying Risk

Hypertension is a major contributor to worldwide morbidity and mortality rates related to cardiovascular disease. There are important sex differences in the onset and rate of hypertension in humans. Compared with age-matched men, premenopausal women are less likely to develop hypertension. However, after age 60, the incidence of hypertension increases in women and even surpasses that seen in older men. It is thought that changes in levels of circulating ovarian hormones as women age may be involved in the increase in hypertension in older women. One of the key mechanisms involved in the development of hypertension in both men and women is an increase in sympathetic nerve activity (SNA). Brain regions important for the regulation of SNA, such as the subfornical organ, the paraventricular nucleus and the rostral ventral lateral medulla, also express specific subtypes of oestrogen receptors. Each of these brain regions has also been implicated in mechanisms underlying risk factors for hypertension such as obesity, stress and inflammation. The present review brings together evidence that links actions of oestrogen at these receptors to modulate some of the common brain mechanisms involved in the ability of hypertensive risk factors to increase SNA and blood pressure. Understanding the mechanisms by which oestrogen acts at key sites in the brain for the regulation of SNA is important for the development of novel, sex-specific therapies for treating hypertension.

scholarly journals Partial migration and decreasing migration distance in the Hungarian population of the Common Blackbird (Turdus merula Linnaeus, 1758): Analysis of 85 years of ring recovery data

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltán Németh
Keyword(s):  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Migratory Behavior ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Hungarian Population ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Blackbird

Abstract The Common Blackbird is a partial migrant throughout much of its range in Europe. That is, part of its breeding population migrates while the rest stays at the breeding ground for winter. Given the rapidly changing global climate, it is important to understand how migratory birds, including partial migrants, respond to shifting climatic conditions. In this study, I analyzed 85 years of ring recovery data of the Hungarian population of the Blackbird, ringed during the breeding season and recovered during migration or winter, with two objectives in mind: (1) to assess whether the Hungarian Blackbird population is also partially migratory, and (2) to test the prediction that Blackbirds have exhibited decreasing migration distances over the past decades as expected based on warming winter temperatures. Hungarian Blackbirds expressed both migratory and resident strategies, thus can be considered as partial migrants. Furthermore, Blackbirds had been recovered increasingly closer (-5.9 km/year) to their breeding grounds in the past decades. Age and sex had no effects on recovery distance. Provided that this trend continues, the adaptive benefits of migratory behavior may eventually be reduced to a level that selection will not maintain it in the population and the Hungarian population becomes entirely sedentary. Surprisingly, 88% of migrant recoveries were the result of shooting or hunting activities in Mediterranean countries, primarily in Italy, highlighting both the need to understand the effects of hunting pressure on migratory behavior at the population level in songbirds and the urgency to ban the killing of migratory birds in European countries.

scholarly journals The importance of offshore areas in southern Öresund, Sweden, for staging and wintering sea ducks

Ornis Svecica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1–2) ◽  
pp. 24-39
Author(s):  
Martin Green ◽  
Leif Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Somateria Mollissima ◽  
Time Pattern ◽  
Sea Ducks ◽  
National Importance ◽  
Mergus Merganser ◽  
Winter Peak ◽  
International Importance ◽  
Melanitta Fusca ◽  
Clangula Hyemalis ◽  
General Time

The occurrence of wintering and spring-staging sea ducks in the southern part of Swedish Öresund was surveyed from air and ship during the period 2001–2011. Altogether 22 air and 20 boat surveys were made during the months November–May and here we present the results regarding five commonly recorded sea ducks. We present the numbers recorded and the general time pattern of occurrence during winter and spring in the area. Recorded numbers are then used for evaluating the importance of the area, both in relation to national wintering totals as well as to international (Baltic) totals. Southern Swedish Öresund is of no larger importance for Long-tailed Duck Clangula hyemalis in winter and spring. The area is however of national importance for both Velvet Scoter Melanitta fusca and Common Scoter Melanitta nigra in winter. Peak numbers of Common Scoters do also reach international importance. Southern Swedish Öresund is of large national and international importance for both wintering and spring-staging Eider Somateria mollissima and Red-breasted Merganser Mergus merganser.

Ramsar sites in Nepal: Conservation, present scenario, biodiversity value and threats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binod Shrestha ◽  
Shristi Shrestha ◽  
Arati Shrestha ◽  
Udhab Raj Khadka
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Migratory Birds ◽  
National Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Agricultural Runoff ◽  
View Point ◽  
International Importance ◽  
Faunal Diversity ◽  
Pokhara Valley ◽  
Desk Review

Wetlands are the dynamic ecosystems with high yielding capacity which are considered very prolific from view point of biodiversity. With prime functioning of water supply, wetlands are well known for supplementary functions of providing ecosystem services viz., groundwater recharge, carbon sequestration, preventing water logging and flooding etc. Total ten wetlands sites of Nepal are included in Ramsar List till 2019, Koshi Tappu being the first listed wetland and Lake Clusters of Pokhara Valley being the latest included wetland which covers 60,561 hectares area of the total area of the country. Ramsar sites in Nepal are distributed throughout the country and are classified as high altitude wetlands, mid hill wetlands and terai wetlands. The Ramsar Site hosts endemic species of floral species some of which are endangered. It too serves as excellent habitat as water hole and corridor for numerous digits of threatened and endangered faunal diversity. Besides this, they serve as excellent habitats for migratory birds as well. Being such integral portions of biosphere, wetlands are under constant threats like eutrophication, siltation, invasion of alien species, pollution, agricultural runoff etc. This review article is based upon desk review different published and unpublished literatures from national level and provides detail information on updated wetlands of international importance of Nepal, along with present scenario, biodiversity value and threats that the wetlands are facing and is expected to help in shaping future course actions for wise use and sustainable management of wetlands in Nepal.  

scholarly journals Long-term trends (1989-2013) in the seabird community breeding in the lagoon of Venice (Italy)

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Francesco Scarton ◽  
Roberto Valle
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Lagoon Of Venice ◽  
Mean Sea Level ◽  
National Importance ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Larus Michahellis ◽  
Larus Melanocephalus ◽  
Sterna Sandvicensis

The community of seabirds breeding in the lagoon of Venice, one of the largest around the Mediterranean, was monitored over the 1989-2013 period. Six species have been recorded (<em>Larus michahellis, Chroicocephalus ridibundus, Larus melanocephalus, Sternula albifrons, Sterna hirundo, Sterna sandvicensis</em>). Over the study period, 346 colonies were surveyed; they were located on saltmarsh islets, dredge islands and other artificial sites, in descending order of importance. Beaches were used only at the beginning of the survey. About 4,900 pairs bred in the 2009-2013 years. The community has been always dominated by <em>L</em>. <em>michahellis</em>; in the 2009-2013, this species and <em>S. sandvicensis</em> comprised about 70% of the total. The longterm trends show moderate increase in the size of the whole community. Contrasting trends were observed in different species, with <em>L. michahellis</em>,<em> S. albifrons</em> and <em>S. sandvicensis</em> stable or increasing, whereas <em>C. ridibundus</em> and <em>S. hirundo</em> were declining. The number of pairs nesting on artificial sites increased over the last 15 years, while those on saltmarsh islets decreased correspondingly. This was possibly a response to the increase of mean sea level and storminess observed in the last twenty-five years. <em>S. albifrons</em> and <em>S. sandvicensis</em> populations reached national importance; the population of the latter species is noteworthy at a Mediterranean level.

Using Spatial Reasoning for Creative Design

2015 ◽  
pp. 306-321
Author(s):  
D. Craig Schroeder ◽  
Carl W. Lee ◽  
Margaret J. Mohr-Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Reasoning ◽  
State Standards ◽  
Creative Design ◽  
Science Standards ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Science And Engineering Practices ◽  
Stem Pipeline ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Engineering Practices

With the adoption and implementation of the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics and the Next Generation Science Standards, teachers are being called upon now more than ever before to regularly utilize and incorporate mathematics, science, and engineering practices in order to deepen students' understanding of the content they are learning, make broader connections to the STEM disciplines, and to ultimately help to strengthen the STEM pipeline. This chapter describes how teachers can use SketchUp as a tool to implement the practices through creative design into their own classrooms. The premise and basics of SketchUp are shared as well as a rich creative design project that develops spatial reasoning in middle grades students.

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