scholarly journals Enhanced Secure SWIPT in Heterogeneous Network via Intelligent Reflecting Surface

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jie Yang ◽  
Xinsheng Ji ◽  
Kaizhi Huang ◽  
Xiaoli Sun ◽  
Yi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Network ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Artificial Noise ◽  
Transmit Beamforming ◽  
Secrecy Rate ◽  
Constraint Relaxation ◽  
Suboptimal Solution ◽  
Coupling Variables ◽  
Sequential Rank ◽  
Reflecting Surface

In this paper, secure transmission in a simultaneous wireless information and power transfer technology-enabled heterogeneous network with the aid of multiple IRSs is investigated. As a potential technology for 6G, intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) brings more spatial degrees of freedom to enhance physical layer security. Our goal is to maximize the secrecy rate by carefully designing the transmit beamforming vector, artificial noise vector, and reflecting coefficients under the constraint of quality-of-service. The formulated problem is hard to solve due to the nonconcave objective function as well as the coupling variables and unit-modulus constraints. Fortunately, by using alternating optimization, successive convex approximation, and sequential Rank-1 constraint relaxation approach, the original problem is transformed into convex form and a suboptimal solution is achieved. Numerical results show that the proposed scheme outperforms other existing benchmark schemes without IRS and can maintain promising security performance as the number of terminals increases with lower energy consumption.

scholarly journals Secrecy analysis of short-packet transmissions in ultra-reliable and low-latency communications

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhua He ◽  
Guangheng Zhao ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Xue Sun ◽  
Lei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Power Allocation ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Low Latency ◽  
Artificial Noise ◽  
Secrecy Outage Probability ◽  
Secrecy Rate ◽  
Single Antenna ◽  
Error Probabilities ◽  
Short Packet ◽  
Allocation Factor

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the secrecy performance of short-packet transmissions in ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC). We consider the scenario where a multi-antenna source communicates with a single-antenna legitimate receiver requiring ultra-high reliability and low latency, in the presence of a single-antenna eavesdropper. In order to safeguard URLLC, the source transmits the artificial noise (AN) signal together with the confidential signal to confuse the eavesdropper. We adopt a lower bound on the maximal secrecy rate as the secrecy performance metric for short-packet transmissions in URLLC, which takes the target decoding error probabilities at the legitimate receiver and the eavesdropper into account. Using this metric, we first derive a compact expression of the generalized secrecy outage probability (SOP). Then, we formally prove that the generalized SOP is a convex function with respect to the power allocation factor between the confidential signal and the AN signal. We further determine the optimal power allocation factor that minimizes the generalized SOP. The results presented in this work can be useful for designing new secure transmission schemes for URLLC.

scholarly journals Regional robust secure precise wireless transmission design for multi-user UAV broadcasting system

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Shen ◽  
Tingting Liu ◽  
Yan Lin ◽  
Yongpeng Wu ◽  
Feng Shu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estimation Error ◽  
Wireless Transmission ◽  
Artificial Noise ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Secrecy Rate ◽  
Estimation Errors ◽  
Transmission Design ◽  
Broadcasting System ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Noise Ratio

Abstract In this paper, two regional robust secure precise wireless transmission (SPWT) schemes for multi-user unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), (1)regional signal-to-leakage-and-noise ratio (SLNR) and artificial-noise-to-leakage-and-noise ratio (ANLNR) (R-SLNR-ANLNR) maximization and (2) point SLNR and ANLNR (P-SLNR-ANLNR) maximization, are proposed to tackle with the estimation errors of the target users’ location. In the SPWT system, the estimation error for SPWT cannot be ignored. However, the conventional robust methods in secure wireless communications optimize the beamforming vector in the desired positions only in statistical means and cannot guarantee the security for each symbol. The proposed regional robust schemes are designed for optimizing the secrecy performance in the whole error region around the estimated location. Specifically, with the known maximal estimation error, we define the target region and wiretap region. Then, we design an optimal beamforming vector and an artificial noise projection matrix, which achieve the confidential signal in the target area having the maximal power while only few signal power is conserved in the potential wiretap region. Instead of considering the statistical distributions of the estimated errors into optimization, we optimize the SLNR and ANLNR of the whole target area, which significantly decreases the complexity. Moreover, the proposed schemes can ensure that the desired users are located in the optimized region, which are more practical than the conventional methods. Simulation results show that our proposed regional robust SPWT design is capable of substantially improving the secrecy rate compared to the conventional non-robust method. The P-SLNR-ANLNR maximization-based method has the comparable secrecy performance with lower complexity than that of the R-SLNR-ANLNR maximization-based method.

scholarly journals A Physical Layer Security Enhancement Scheme under the Ambient Backscatter System

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Pengfei Hou ◽  
Jianping Gong ◽  
Jumin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Physical Layer Security ◽  
Physical Layer ◽  
Artificial Noise ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Secrecy Rate ◽  
Channel Quality ◽  
Backscatter Communication ◽  
Ambient Backscatter

In this paper, we proposed a scheme that Injects artificial noise from the tag end (IANT) to enhance the physical layer security of the ambient backscatter communication (ABC) system. The difference between the ABC system and the traditional radio frequency identification system is whether it uses the radio frequency (RF) signals in the environment to supply energy and modulation information for passive tags. In the IANT scheme, we select the best tag to communicate with the reader according to the channel quality between tags and reader, and at the same time select another tag to generate artificial noise that affects the receiving effect of the eavesdropper. This paper uses the method of generating noise copies in the reader to reduce the interference of artificial noise on the signal received by the reader. The simulation results show that with the increase in channel quality between tags and reader and the increase in the number of tags, the proposed IANT scheme is significantly superior to the contrast scheme in terms of system achievable secrecy rate, effectively enhancing the physical layer security of the ABC system.

scholarly journals An Artificial-Noise-Based Approach for the Secrecy Rate Maximization of MISO VLC Wiretap Channel With Multi-Eves

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 651-659
Author(s):  
Ge Shi ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Wei Cheng ◽  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Wenjie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Noise ◽  
Secrecy Rate ◽  
Wiretap Channel ◽  
Rate Maximization

scholarly journals AN-Aided Transmit Beamforming Design for Secured Cognitive Radio Networks with SWIPT

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weili Ge ◽  
Zhengyu Zhu ◽  
Zhongyong Wang ◽  
Zhengdao Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Iterative Algorithm ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Original Problem ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Artificial Noise ◽  
Transmit Beamforming ◽  
Transmit Power ◽  
Single Antenna

We investigate multiple-input single-output secured cognitive radio networks relying on simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT), where a multiantenna secondary transmitter sends confidential information to multiple single-antenna secondary users (SUs) in the presence of multiple single-antenna primary users (PUs) and multiple energy-harvesting receivers (ERs). In order to improve the security of secondary networks, we use the artificial noise (AN) to mask the transmit beamforming. Optimization design of AN-aided transmit beamforming is studied, where the transmit power of the information signal is minimized subject to the secrecy rate constraint, the harvested energy constraint, and the total transmit power. Based on a successive convex approximation (SCA) method, we propose an iterative algorithm which reformulates the original problem as a convex problem under the perfect channel state information (CSI) case. Also, we give the convergence of the SCA-based iterative algorithm. In addition, we extend the original problem to the imperfect CSI case with deterministic channel uncertainties. Then, we study the robust design problem for the case with norm-bounded channel errors. Also, a robust SCA-based iterative algorithm is proposed by adopting the S-Procedure. Simulation results are presented to validate the performance of the proposed algorithms.

scholarly journals A Novel Pilot Spoofing Scheme via Intelligent Reflecting Surface Based On Statistical CSI

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
jie yang ◽  
Xinsheng Ji ◽  
Kaizhi Huang ◽  
Xiaoli Sun ◽  
Xiaoming Xu
Keyword(s):  
Original Problem ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Phase Shifts ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Secrecy Rate ◽  
Channel State ◽  
Wireless Environment ◽  
Time Division ◽  
Reflecting Surface ◽  
Secure Transmission

Pilot spoofing attack brings challenges to the physical layer secure transmission. However, since the inherent characteristics of wireless environment have not changed, active eavesdropping can be detected based on prior information. Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS), with the real-time programmable characteristics for wireless environment, provides new possibilities for effective pilot spoofing. In this paper, the IRS is deployed near the legitimate users and the control strategy is embeded into the legitimate communication process under time-division duplex (TDD) mode to assist eavesdroppers to implement pilot spoofing. By designing different phase shifts at the IRS during the uplink phase and downlink phase, the channel reciprocity between uplink and downlink disappears, and thus the secure beamforming vector is biased towards the eavesdropper. Furthermore, in order to obtain more information, the average secrecy rate based on the statistical channel state information is established by carefully designing the phase shifts. The formulated problem is non-trivial to solve. By using alternating optimization and Charnes-Cooper transformation technique, the original problem is transformed into convex form and a sub-optimal solution is achieved. Finally, simulation results show that our proposed scheme poses serious secure threat for TDD systems.

scholarly journals Robust Secure Beamforming Design for Cooperative Cognitive Radio Nonorthogonal Multiple Access Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Quanzhong Li ◽  
Sai Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Secure Communication ◽  
Multiple Access ◽  
Spectrum Efficiency ◽  
Maximization Problem ◽  
Artificial Noise ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Secrecy Rate ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Rank One

By the integration of cooperative cognitive radio (CR) and nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA), cooperative CR NOMA networks can improve the spectrum efficiency of wireless networks significantly. Due to the openness and exposure of wireless signals, secure communication is an important issue for cooperative CR NOMA networks. In this paper, we investigate the physical layer security design for cooperative CR NOMA networks. Our objective is to achieve maximum secrecy rate of the secondary user by designing optimal beamformers and artificial noise covariance matrix at the multiantenna secondary transmitter under the quality-of-service at the primary user and the transmit power constraint at the secondary transmitter. We consider the practical case that the channel state information (CSI) of the eavesdropper is imperfect, and we model the imperfect CSI by the worst-case model. We show that the robust secrecy rate maximization problem can be transformed to a series of semidefinite programmings based on S-procedure and rank-one relaxation. We also propose an effective method to recover the optimal rank-one solution. Simulations are provided to show the effectiveness of our proposed robust secure algorithm with comparison to the nonrobust secure design and traditional orthogonal multiple access schemes.

scholarly journals Directional Modulation Technique Using a Polarization Sensitive Array for Physical Layer Security Enhancement

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (24) ◽  
pp. 5396
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Mingnan Le ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Jinye Peng
Keyword(s):  
Channel Capacity ◽  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Physical Layer Security ◽  
Symbol Error Rate ◽  
Physical Layer ◽  
Artificial Noise ◽  
Secrecy Rate ◽  
Additional Degree ◽  
Polarization Sensitive Array ◽  
Directional Modulation

Directional modulation (DM), as an emerging promising physical layer security (PLS) technique at the transmitter side with the help of an antenna array, has developed rapidly over decades. In this study, a DM technique using a polarization sensitive array (PSA) to produce the modulation with different polarization states (PSs) at different directions is investigated. A PSA, as a vector sensor, can be employed for more effective DM for an additional degree of freedom (DOF) provided in the polarization domain. The polarization information can be exploited to transmit different data streams simultaneously at the same directions, same frequency, but with different PSs in the desired directions to increase the channel capacity, and with random PSs off the desired directions to enhance PLS. The proposed method has the capability of concurrently projecting independent signals into different specified spatial directions while simultaneously distorting signal constellation in all other directions. The symbol error rate (SER), secrecy rate, and the robustness of the proposed DM scheme are analyzed. Design examples for single- and multi-beam DM systems are also presented. Simulations corroborate that (1) the proposed method is more effective for PLS; (2) the proposed DM scheme is more power-efficient than the traditional artificial noise aided DM schemes; and (3) the channel capacity is significantly improved compared with conventional scalar antenna arrays.

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