scholarly journals Clonal Propagation of Coffea arabica with Indole Butyric Acid and Acclimatization Conditions in Amazonas, Peru

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jardy Chichipe Oyarce ◽  
Alina Camacho ◽  
Leidy G. Bobadilla ◽  
Carmen N. Vigo ◽  
Héctor V. Vásquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Rooting Of Cuttings ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Typical Variety

The use of hormones is important in improving the propagation process. The objective of the experiment was to identify the best dose of indole butyric acid (IBA) hormone for the rooting of coffee cuttings of the typical variety through clonal propagation in the Amazon region. The experiment was carried out in two stages. Both stages were carried out under a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The percentage of rooting of cuttings and the number of roots were evaluated. The coffee tree clones were collected from rust tolerant elite plants. In the laboratory, the cuttings were immersed for 10 minutes in fungicide and then in five doses of IBA hormone (1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, and 3000 mg L−1) of IBA. They were then placed in a microtunnel. With the best dose obtained in stage 1 of IBA (T4: 2000 mg L−1), which achieved a rooting percentage of 52.50% and 5.8 roots on average, stage 2 was installed for the evaluation of acclimatization conditions (greenhouse and nursery). Thirty plants of the Típica variety were evaluated per treatment. Regarding the results after 90 days, the greenhouse obtained the highest values with 72.22% survival, a plant height of 9.48 cm, 4.32 mm stem diameter, 6.53 leaves per plant, 9.65 cm leaf length, and 3.83 cm leaf width. The IBA hormone in a controlled environment such as the greenhouse achieves good vegetative propagation for the Típica variety.

scholarly journals PERTUMBUHAN SETEK KRISAN (Chrysanthemum sp.) PADA BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI HORMON IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) DI BANGKA DENGAN SISTEM EX-VITRO

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 589-602
Author(s):  
Anggri Restikadia ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Method ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Flower Plant ◽  
Minimum Potential ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Experimental Garden

Chrysanthemum is an ornamental flower plant that has advantage because of various colors and has long vase time. The minimum potential for chrysanthemum development in Bangka is because of limited seed and the enviroment conditions in Bangka are less than optimal for chrysanthemum plants. The increasing chrysanthemum seedlings can be done vegetatively by addition of IBA hormone with an ex-vitro system. This study aims to determine the effect of IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) hormone on the growth of chrysanthemum cuttings in Bangka. This research was conducted from March to May 2020 at the Research and experimental Garden, Faculty of Agriculture, Fisheries and Biology, Universitas Bangka Belitung. The research method used an experimental method with a single completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 6 treatments, namely (Control), IBA 50 ppm, IBA 100 ppm, IBA 150 ppm, IBA 200 ppm, IBA 250 ppm. The results showed that giving IBA had no significant effect on the growth of chrysanthemum cuttings in Bangka. Treatment (IBA 150 ppm) tends to be better for the growth of chrysanthemum cuttings in Bangka.

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan Tanaman Nanas pada Berbagai Konsentrasi IBA Secara In Vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-292
Author(s):  
Zarmiyeni Zarmiyeni ◽  
Siti Munawarah Munawarah
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
The People ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
A New Technique

       The people of Hulu Sungai Utara Regency are very fond of pineapple, this can be seen from the continued increase in market demand for pineapple. Pineapple production in Hulu Sungai Utara Regency from 2010-2013 continues to increase. However, the availability of pineapple is still widely supplied from other regions. This is due to limited land and the availability of superior seeds. Therefore we need a new technique to overcome this problem by multiplying it in vitro. This study aims (i) to determine the response of pineapple plant growth to various concentrations of IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) in vitro and (ii) to obtain the best IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) concentration for pineapple plant growth in vitro. The study was conducted in the Amuntai STIPER tissue culture laboratory from March to June 2014, using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatment levels, 4 replications. The factor tested was the IBA concentration, i1 = 1.5 ppm, i2 = 2 ppm, i3 = 2.5 ppm, i4 = 3 ppm, and i5 = 3.5 ppm. The results showed no known response and the best concentration of IBA on pineapple plant growth.

scholarly journals SUBSTRATE MIXING FORMULATIONS FOR CITRUS NURSERY MANAGEMENT

Nativa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 500-507
Author(s):  
Érica Maria Sauer Liberato ◽  
Sarita Leonel ◽  
Jackson Mirellys Azevedo Souza ◽  
Gabriel Maluf Napoleão
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Rice Hulls ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Swingle Citrumelo

The length of citrus seedling development is determined by several factors, including the physical and chemical qualities of the substrate, which affect rootstock growth and, as a result, the quality of field seedlings. The purpose of this study was to see how the ‘Swingle’ citrumelo rootstock developed with different substrate formulations. The experiment was carried out in a seedling nursery from seeding to grafting, and six treatments were carried out, as follows: 60% peat moss, 30% fine grade horticultural vermiculite, 10% rice hulls (1); 60% peat moss, 30% fine grade horticultural vermiculite, 10% rice hulls (2); 50% peat moss, 30% fine grade horticultural vermiculite, 20% rice hulls (3); 50% peat moss, 30% fine grade horticultural vermiculite, 20% rice hulls (4); 50% peat moss, 20% fine grade horticultural vermiculite, 30% rice hulls (5); 50% peat moss, 20% fine grade horticultural vermiculite, 30% rice hulls (6). In addition, the experiment was divided into two stages: seeding (stage 1) and seedling nursery (stage 2). In a completely randomized design, the experiment has six treatments, four replications, and 51 plants per plot. When container transplanting was performed, the emergence percentage of seedlings was determined; thus, eight plants per plot were examined. For the second stage, was used a completely randomized design with 6 substrate formulations, 4 replications, and 20 seedlings per plot. Stem height, stem diameter, leaf number, area meter, root dry matter, leaf and stem dry matter, and quality index were measured on seedlings every 28 days. All substrate formulations improved seedling development until grafting, except for the 30% rice hulls, which hampered seedling development in ‘Swingle' citrumelo.

scholarly journals Respon Setek Cabang Bambu Betung (Dendrocalamus Asper) Akibat Pemberian Asam Indol Butirat (AIB)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Erviana Sari ◽  
Indriyanto . ◽  
Afif Bintoro
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Bamboo Plantation ◽  
Dendrocalamus Asper ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Branch Cutting

Betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) as multipurpose plant could be developed with vegetative and generative propagation.  Branch cuttings was the easiest way in the betung bamboo vegetative propagation.  One of plant growth regulators that could be used to spur betung bamboo branch cutting was indole butyric acid (IBA).  This study was conducted to evaluate the betung bamboo branch cutting response from various concentration of IBA and to know the best concentration of IBA to spur the growth.  The experiment was conducted in Palembang’s Bamboo Plantation Collection and Development Research Institute of Forest areal, Tanjung Agung, District Tanjungan, South Lampung Regency, from March to June 2012.  This research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments: IBA 0 ppm (control), 100 ppm, 200 ppm, 300 ppm, and 400 ppm of concentration.  Each of experimental unit consisted of five cuttings with five replications.  Percentage of life, length of shoot, number of shoot, number of leave, shoot’s diameter, and root’s length were the observed variables.  The result showed that betung bamboo branch cuttings were responsive to IBA, and IBA 200 ppm concentration gave better results to the betung bamboo branch cuttings than IBA 0 ppm (control), 100 ppm, 300 ppm, and 400 ppm concentration. Based on this study, it was recomended to use 200 ppm of IBA for betung bamboo branch cutting. Keywords : betung bamboo, branch cutting, indole butyric acid

scholarly journals Enraizamiento de esquejes de Salicornia bigelovii (Torr.) por quitosano como un bioproducto de origen marino.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 361
Author(s):  
Betzabe Ebenhezer López-Corona ◽  
Iram Mondaca-Fernández ◽  
Pablo Gortáres-Moroyoqui ◽  
María Mercedes Meza-Montenegro ◽  
José De Jesús Balderas-Cortés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Salicornia Bigelovii ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Total Dry Weight

The use of halophytes such as Salicornia bigelovii represents an alternative with economic potential for desert agriculture and coastal areas. However, the success in the establishment of commercial plots has been limited by the low germination percentages of this species. Propagation using plant cuttings represents a viable and rapid alternative to this problem. The formation of functional roots is fundamental in the propagation of plant cuttings and has been achieved through the application of chemical growth regulators. The application of chitosan in some crops has evidenced to be an alternative for the germination process and an enhancer of harvest performance; however, there are no studies that evaluate its effect on the halophyte S. bigelovii. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of marine-derived chitosan and indole butyric acid as root-promoting agents in cuttings of Salicornia bigelovii. The concentrations (individually and combined) of chitosan at 100 and 50% and indole butyric acid were applied at a rate of 0.937 and 1.25 g kg‑1. A completely randomized design of nine treatments and f ive repetitions was used and 225 experimental units were evaluated. The following variables were measured: root length, fresh weight and total dry weight of the root, and number and length of new shoots. The results showed that the most eff icient treatment was 100% chitosan + 0.937 g kg-1 indole butyric acid, promoting the production of photosynthetic shoots up to 800%. These results indicate that it is feasible to achieve the propagation of Salicornia by means of cuttings using marine-derived chitosan as a growth promoter.

The The Effect of Level Farmers' Knowledge In Some Active Chemical Insecticides Resistance to Control Plutella Xylostella Scale Laboratory

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
Rasiska Tarin
Keyword(s):  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Active Chemical ◽  
Questionnaire Result ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Two Stages

Pengaruh Tingkat Pengetahuan Petani  Pada Resistensi Beberapa Bahan Aktif Insektisida Kimia Untuk Mengendalikan Ulat Plutella Xylostella Skala Laboratorium The Effect of Level Farmers' Knowledge In Some  Active Chemical Insecticides Resistance to Control Plutella Xylostella Scale Laboratory Catur Hermanto, Rasiska Tarigan dan Fatiani Manik Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran – Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Jln Tangkuban Perahu No 517, Lembang, Bandung Barat 40391; e-mail: [email protected]   ABSTRAK  Petani dan pestisida merupakan dua sisi  yang saling berkaitan dalam mengendalikan serangan hama penyakit tanaman dilapangan Penggunaan pestisida oleh petani semakin hari kian meningkat khususnya didataran tinggi, namun  peningkatan ini tidak diimbangi dengan pemahaman dalam menggunakan pestisida. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui  pengaruh tingkat pengetahuan dan resistensi insektisida yang digunakan petani kubis di kabupaten Karo. Penelitian dilaksanakan di laboratorium Kebun Percobaan Berastagi dengan ketinggian tempat 1.340 mdpl yang dilaksanakan dari bulan september sampai november 2015. Pelaksanaan dibagi 2(dua) tahap. Tahap Pertama mengumpulkan makalah melalui teknik diskusi kelompok petani dan pengencer dan wawancara menggunakan kuisioner. Total jumlah responden 10 orang per 4 kecamatana. Dari hasil kuisioner dipilih jenis insektisida yang sering digunakan petani untuk diuji kepekaan ulat plutella xylostella terhadap insektisida yang diuji pada skala dilaboratoium.  Empat perlakuan dengan masing-masing terdiri atas 9 taraf konsentrasi menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dan diulang 3 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan  petani kubis dikabupaten karo melakukan pencampuran fungi dan insektisida > 2jenis dengan frekwensi penyemprotan 2 x 1 minggum serta dosis yang digunakan tidak sesuai dengan KF yang dianjurkan. Nilai LC 50 insektisida kimia dari bahan aktif klorantranilipro, prefenofos, sipemetrin dan kloropinofos berturut-turut 1,87 ml, 1,5 ml, 1,5 ml dan 2 ml. Dan waktu Waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk mematikan 50 % plutella xylostella (LT 50) dari keempat insektisida kimia berbahan aktif klorantranilipro, prefenofos, sipemetrin dan Kloropinfos berturut-turut adalah  39.20, 19.43, 23.57 dan 30.15 jam Kata kunci : Pengetahuan, Resistensi, Insektisida Kimia, Plutella xylostella , Laboratorium ABSTRACT. The Farmers and pesticides are important aspects that  interrelated tocontroll pests in the field of plant diseases as well as opportunities occur resistensi. The use of pesticides by farmers is constantly increasing, especially in the highlands, but this increase is not offset by an understanding in the use of pesticides. The aimed of the research to find the knowledge and the use of insecticide resistance cabbage farmers in Karo District.   The research was conducted at the laboratory of Berastagi experimental farm with altitude of 1,340 meters above sea level implemented from the month of September to November 2015. The implementation of divided by 2 (two) stages. The first is to collect  issues by discussion technique of farmers group and diluent and interview using a questionnaire. Total number of respondents  is ten peoples each four districts. From the questionnaire result so the selected types of insecticides often used by famers for the testing of  sensitivity plutella xylostella to insecticides test at laboratory scale with four treatment. each consisting of 9 degree of concentration using a completely randomized design and repeated 3 times. each consisting of 9 degree of concentration using a completely randomized design and repeated 3 times. The results showed cabbage farmers in the county karo mixing fungi and insecticides> 2 types with spraying frequency of 2 x 1 week as well as the doses used did not correspond to the recommended KF. LC 50 value of the chemical insecticide active ingredient klorantranilipro, prefenofos, sipemetrin and kloropinofos successively 1.87 ml, 1.5 ml, 1.5 ml and 2 ml. Time and time required to shut down 50% of Plutella xylostella (LT 50) of the four chemical insecticide active ingredient klorantranilipro, prefenofos, sipemetrin and Kloropinfos are respectively 39.20, 19:43, 23:57 and 30.15 hours

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS FORMULASI PESTISIDA NABATI PADA SIPUT SETENGAH TELANJANG Parmarion martensi (GASTROPODA: ARIOPHANTIDAE)

AGRICA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Sabina Sunarti Una ◽  
Sri Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Second Step ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Pesticide Formulations ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Contact Poison

This study aims to determine the activity of plant-based pesticide formulations on martyred Parmarion semi-naked snails. The study conducted at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Flores, Sam Ratulangi Street, Ende Regency. The research was conducted from February to August 2019 using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two stages of treatment. The first stage was testing the contact poison activity in 5 treatments namely P0 = Control, P1 = Dilution 1: 5, P2 = Dilution 1:10, P3 = Dilution 1:15, P4 = Pure extract. The second step is to test the stomach poison with five treatments namely R0 = Control, R1 = No immersion, R2 = Soak 10 minutes, R3 = Soak 20 minutes, R4 = Soak 30 minutes. All treatments are repeated five times so that they will get 25 units of experiments in every treatment. The results showed the concentration of vegetable pesticide extracts in contact poisons and stomach poisons the highest average mortality for contact poisons were found in P4 therapy with the highest mortality value of 68.00% and experienced the fastest death above 50.00% at 50.80 hours with single speed time is 0.55 hours. While the stomach poison in the R4 treatment is 66.66% with the time, the fastest mortality is above 50.00%, which is 55.40 hours with a speed of 0.57 hours per individual.

scholarly journals Development of Liquid Enhancer for Germination of Drought-stressed Oryza sativa subsp. indica Seed cv. MR284

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Mahadi ◽  
F. Zawawi ◽  
R. Nulit ◽  
M. H. Ibrahim ◽  
N. I. Ab. Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Selection Of

Aim: This study was conducted to develop liquid enhancer containing KCl, TU, GA, and SA for germination of drought-stressed Oryza sativa subsp. indica cv. MR284 seed. Study Design: All experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design. Two steps were involved in the development process which are to select an ideal concentration for each KCl, TU, GA, and SA, and to find an ideal combination of chemicals from the selection of ideal concentrations acquired in step 1 to form liquid enhancer. There were 20 treatments for step 1 and 9 treatments for step 2. All of these treatments with 6 replicates. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, between June 2018 and December 2018. Methodology: The sterilized rice seed cv. MR284 was stressed in the -1.2 Mpa PEG 6000 solution for three days and germinated in the KCl, TU, GA, and SA solution in a series of concentration for 10 days, in a controlled room. Seed germination was observed daily. Results: In the first step, drought-stressed rice seed showed the best germination performance in the 30 mM of KCl, 2.0 mM of TU, 0.24 mM GA, and 0.5 mM SA. Meanwhile, in the second step, the drought-stressed rice seed showed the best germination performance in the combination of 30 mM KCl + 2.0 mM TU + 0.24 mM GA + 0.5 mM SA. The best germination performance was evaluated by the highest germination percentage (%), germination index, seed vigor, leaf length, root length and biomass. Conclusion: Therefore, the combination treatments of 30 mM KCl + 2.0 mM TU + 0.5 mM SA was found to be the most effective and simplest liquid enhancer formula that has an ability to enhance seed germination of drought-stressed rice cv. MR284 seed.

scholarly journals In vitro development of Encyclea cordigera in different concentrations of honey

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 590-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cibele Mantovani ◽  
Kathia Fernandes Lopes Pivetta
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
In Vitro Development ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Sucrose Medium ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Vitro Development

ABSTRACT: The objective of this paper was to evaluate the effects of different honey concentrations in culture media, in comparison to sucrose medium, for the in vitro development of the epiphytic Encyclea cordigera orchid, in order to improve the process of propagation of the species. The in vitro germination was prepared on a reduced Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium. After 90 days, the seedlings were divided into different treatments, where they remained for another 90 days. Six treatments were set up (30g L-1 of sucrose; 15, 30, 45, and 60g L-1 of honey; and absence of any carbohydrates) in a completely randomized design. Plants were removed from the vials 270 days after the start of the experiment, and the number of roots, length of the largest leaf, length of the longest root, number of leaves, and fresh and dry masses were evaluated. Data concerning the number of leaves and roots were (x+1)1/2 transformed and subjected to an analysis of variance (ANOVA); the means were compared by a Tukey's test set at 5% probability. Medium containing 60g L-1 of honey proved to be superior to the sucrose medium traditionally used, favoring the in vitro growth and development of Encyclea cordigera. This medium can therefore be recommended for the propagation of this species, which is usually cultivated as an ornamental plant.

scholarly journals Utilização de diferentes substratos na propagação de Pyrostegia venusta através de estacas

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
J. G. Crispim ◽  
M. M. Rêgo ◽  
E. R. Rêgo ◽  
Â. M. S. Pessoa ◽  
P. A. Barroso
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Main Root ◽  
Plastic Tube ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Pyrostegia Venusta

<p>Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o desenvolvimento de clones de <em>Pyrostegia venusta </em>em diferentes tipos de substratos. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 06 tratamentos e 10 repetições, cada repetição foi constituída por um tubete de polietileno com capacidade de 103cm<sup>3</sup>. Os tratamentos testados foram: (T1) 100% de areia lavada; (T2) 50% areia lavada + 50% substrato comercial Plantmax®; (T3) 100% de substrato comercial Plantmax®; (T4) 50% areia lavada + 50% de esterco bovino; (T5) 1/3 areia lavada + 1/3 esterco bovino +1/3 de Plantmax® e (T6) 50% esterco bovino + 50% de Areia lavada. Após 30 dias foram avaliados o número de estacas sobreviventes, comprimento do broto (cm), número de folhas, comprimento da folha (cm), número de raízes e comprimento da raiz principal (cm).  Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Por meio da análise de variância (p&lt;0,01), detectou-se significância estatística, para as variáveis, sobrevivência das estacas e número de brotos por estaca de <em>P. venusta</em>, quando cultivadas em substrato composto por 50% areia lavada + 50% substrato comercial Plantmax®. Essa mistura apresenta a vantagem de ser mais econômica quando comparado ao substrato comercial Plantmax®, sendo portanto, recomendada na produção de mudas de <em>cipó-de-São João</em><em>.</em></p><p align="center"><strong><em>Utilization of different substrates in the propagation of Pyrostegia venusta by cuttings</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with 06 treatments and 10 replicates, each replicate consisted of polyethylene plastic tube the size of 103cm<sup>3</sup>. The treatments were: (T1) 100% washed sand; (T2) 50% washed sand + 50% commercial substrate Plantmax®; (T3) 100% substrate commercial Plantmax®; (T4) 50 % washed sand + 50% cattle manure; (T5) 1/3 washed sand + 1/3 manure +1/3 Plantmax® and Plantmax (T6) 50 % cattle manure + 50% washed sand. After 30 days, were evaluated number of cutting survival, bud length in cm, number of leaves, leaf length in cm, number of roots and length of the main root. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and means were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. By analysis of variance (p&lt; 0.01), there was significant differences for the variables, czutting survival and number of shoots per cutting when cultured on substrate composed of 50% washed sand + 50% commercial substrate Plantmax®. Furthermore, this mixture has the advantage to be cheaper as compared to substrate Plantmax®, so we recommend the seedlings of Saint John’s vine.</p><p><em><br /></em></p>

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