scholarly journals A Novel Development of TRIZ-Analogic Construction Interface Problem Identification and Solutions Framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Sou-Sen Leu ◽  
Chih-Yu Yang ◽  
Yao-Jen Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Medical Science ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Interface Problems ◽  
Interface Problem ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Problem Identification ◽  
Interface Management ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Clinical Experiments

One of the critical factors of project success is the interface management. Past project interface management mainly relies on knowledge and experience of the project managers. The existing studies of project interface management also mainly focused on the definition and the classification of project interfaces. There is no workable and flexible framework for construction interface problem identification and solutions. This study conducted an analogic study of contradiction matrix at Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) to develop such a framework. This research collected around six hundred interface management cases from civil works and building projects. For comparison, this research defined an experimental group (TRIZ case) and a control group (experience-oriented solution case) based on the concept of clinical experiments in medical science to evaluate and improve the rationality of the matrix. Subsequently, based upon the theory of information retrieval (IR), this research conducted statistical evaluation and TRIZ features remedies to develop generalized construction interface problem identification and solutions. For solving project management interface problems, the TRIZ-analogic construction interface problem identification and solutions framework provides a systematic approach to develop more robust solutions for interface problems in construction engineering rather than just simply relying on intuitive experience.

Factor analysis of the interface management (IM) problems for construction projects in Alberta

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 848-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nesreen Weshah ◽  
Wael El Ghandour ◽  
George Jergeas ◽  
Lynne Cowe Falls
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Interface Problems ◽  
Interface Problem ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Interface Management ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Two Phases

Interface management (IM) is one of the major keys for construction project success. The severity of interface problems for different projects does not only delay the project, but also impacts overall project performance. This paper is an extension of a previous work that defined major IM problems in Alberta’s construction projects. This research study intended to investigate, identify, and classify interface problem factors in Alberta’s construction projects. The study included four stages. The first stage was a comprehensive literature review, pilot studies and face-to-face interviews in industry. In the second phase, a web-page questionnaire was conducted with participants from industry. Based on that, in the last two phases, a factor analysis and Pearson’s correlation matrix were applied on the collected data. The study identified six IM factors, namely: “management”, “information, bidding and contracting”, “by-law and regulation”, “technical engineering and site issues”, and “other interface problems”. Finally, correlation between IM factors and different construction data was tested. The data analysis results provided a comprehensive view of the main causes behind IM conflicts in Alberta’s construction industry.

Training Teams in Managing Projects in a Matrix Structure

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lior Davidovitch ◽  
Avi Parush ◽  
Tom Hewett ◽  
Avy Shtub
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Team Learning ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Matrix Structure ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Dynamic Stochastic ◽  
Matrix Organization

Projects are performed in different kinds of organizations: functional structure, project-based structure or matrix structure. The matrix organization is a combination of the functional organization and the “pure” project organization. In a matrix organization, there are usually two chains of command. The chain dealing with issues related to the functional division and the chain dealing with issues related to the project. Due to the split authority between project managers and functional managers, management becomes much more complicated. The cooperation between the project managers is vital for the matrix organization to perform well. Therefore, training teams of project managers in the matrix structure environment is required. A new method for training teams of project managers is presented. The proposed method is based on a real-time simulation called the Project Team Builder (PTB). PTB simulates a dynamic, stochastic multi-project management environment. A project management course for graduate students in systems engineering utilized PTB. The students used the simulator in a multi-user multi-project mode. A class of undergraduate engineering students participated in the same experiment as a control group. The 132 participants were divided into teams of three students (44 teams) which performed repetitive simulation-runs. Three factors were investigated: 1. Previous experience, 2. History recording mechanism, and 3. Team debriefing process. The findings indicate that for the initial learning phase, and for the transfer to different scenario phase, these three independent factors affect the performances. Furthermore, the interactions between the experience and history factors; between the experience and debriefing factors; and between the history and debriefing factors were all significant. Based on these findings a new paradigm for simulation-based team-learning model in a matrix organization structure is presented. The new model includes integration of history mechanism and debriefing procedure in the Kolb’s Team Learning Experience model.

scholarly journals Comparison of Bax and Caspase-3 Protein Expression in Liver Cells following UVB Irradiation for 7 days and Treatment of Pimpinella alpina Molk during 7 and 15 days

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-303
Author(s):  
Eni Widayati ◽  
Taufiqurrachman Nasihun ◽  
Azizah Hikma Savitri ◽  
Nurina Tyagita
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Uvb Irradiation ◽  
The Difference

Objective: The effect of Pimpinela alpina Molk (PaM) on decrease in Bax and Caspase-3 protein expression in liver cells apoptosis have been proven. However, the difference result between 7 and 15 days treatment duration of PaM need to be confirmed. This study aimed to confirm that treatment of PaM during 15 days is more effective decreasing Bax and Caspase-3 protein expression in liver cells following UVB irradiation. Methods: In the post test only control group design, 35 Sprague Dawley male rats, 300 gram body weight were divided into two arms, consisting of three groups respectively. First arm comprise Neg-7, PaM7-100, and PaM7-150. Second arm comprise Neg-15, PaM15-100, and PaM15-150. Nor-G was added as normal control neither exposed to UVB nor PaM treatment. In negative group was only radiated to UVB and PaM groups were exposed to UVB and treatment with 100, and 150 mg PaM per oral for 7 and 15 days respectively. At day 8 (first arm) and 16 (second arm), liver organ was taken and Bax and Caspase-3 protein expression assessed by Immunohistochemical staining method. Result: Post Hoc LSD analysis indicated that Bax and Caspase-3 protein expression in PaM15-100 and PaM15-150 was significant lower compared to that of Nor-G, PaM7-100, and PaM7-150, p < 0.05. Conclusion: Ttreatment of PaM with doses 100 and 150 mg for 15 days was better in decreasing Bax and Caspase-3 protein expression of liver cells following UVB irradiation. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(2) 2020 p.296-303

The Potential Effect of Mucuna pruriens Seed Extract on Sperm Quality experimental study on mice exposed to cigarette smoke

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 768-773
Author(s):  
Meidona Nurul Milla ◽  
Yani Istadi ◽  
Vania Shaula ◽  
Deastri Anjeas Wari ◽  
Chntyia Dwi Cahyani Puspitasari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Testicular Atrophy ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Control Group

Background: Infertility has been more common problems among couple of reproductive age. One of the factors causing this disorder is unhealthy environmental factors including exposure to cigarette smoke. Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in cigarette smoke can cause testicular atrophy, while the free radicals can inhibit the stages of spermatogenesis, and nicotine in cigarettes affects the brain dopamine levels affecting the levels of GnRH, and subsequently affect the levels of FSH and LH needed in spermatogenesis. The use of Mucuna pruriens seed extract containing antioxidants and L-dopa is expected to improve the quality of sperm after exposure to cigarette smoke. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of Mucuna pruriens seed extract on the sperm quality in mice exposed to cigarette smoke. Methods: This study was an experimental study with a post test only control group design. A total of 20 mice were divided into 4 groups of five mice each. All groups were exposed to cigarette smoke. Group 1 was the negative control exposed to cigarette smoke. Groups 2, 3, 4 were exposed to cigarettes smoke and given Mucuna pruriens seed extracts at the dose of 250; 300; and 350 mg/Kg BW/day. Parameters of sperm quality included concentration, morphology, motility and viability. Results: Post hoc tests showed there were significant differences among treatment groups. Conclusion: the administration of Mucuna pruriens seed extract affects the sperm quality of BALB/c mice exposed to cigarettes smoke. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.768-773

An Analysis of the Matrix (Progressive Matrices) Test Results on 700 Neurotic (Military) Subjects, and a Comparison with the Shipley Vocabulary Test

1943 ◽  
Vol 89 (375) ◽  
pp. 202-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Halstead
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Vocabulary Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Emergency Hospital ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Military Patients ◽  
Group 1

Seven hundred Progressive Matrices records of male neurotic military patients admitted to Sutton Emergency Hospital between April and November, 1942, were compared with a control group (1). The distribution of the patients' scores shows a negatively skewed curve with a clustering of scores below the control median (Fig. 1).

scholarly journals The thiol-disulfide homeostasis and its role in the pathogenesis of the experimental alimentary obesity

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-423
Author(s):  
Mariya Marushchak ◽  
Inna Krynytska ◽  
Lyudmyla Mazur ◽  
Svitlana Yastremska ◽  
Nina Begosh
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Redox System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
White Rats ◽  
The World ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
Alimentary Obesity ◽  
High Calorie Diet ◽  
High Calorie

Objective: According to WHO, about 30 % of people in the world are overweight that allows to characterize this disease as a new non-infection “epidemic” of the XXI century. More than 500 million people in the world are overweight and 250 million are obese. There is a clear tendency to increasing of alimentary obesity among people with different age, sex and nationality. The aim of the study is to investigate the thiol-disulfide homeostasis in liver tissue, adipose tissue and erythrocytes in the pathogenesis of experimental alimentary obesity.Materials and methods: 60 males, non-liner, white rats around 3 months of age with alimentary obesity were examined during the study. Experimental obesity was modeled by administering of sodium glutamate to the feed mixture in a ratio of 0.6:100.0 and adding high-calorie diet. The glutathione redox-system activity in erythrocytes, liver and adipose tissue were analyzed by the level of reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GP) activity.Results and Discussion: The data indicate a decrease in GSH level within 14 days of the experiment in all investigated tissues. The same trend was observed in animals on 28th day of the experiment: GSH index decreased in blood, adipose tissue and liver (P<0.05). The index of GSSG have increased on 28th day of the experiment in all investigated tissues vs control group (P<0.05). The ratio of the reduced and oxidized forms of glutathione contents was much lower vs control group in all the studied tissues within 28 days of the experiment. During additional investigation of the activity of thiol-disulfide system enzymes it was found that reducing the concentration of GSH in rats with alimentary obesity was due to the lack of thiol-disulfide system enzymes activity: GP and GR, which take part in the regeneration of GSH from GSSG.Conclusion: experimental alimentary obesity is characterized by a reduced redox state in blood, adipose and liver tissues, which is determinative in increasing the free radical reactions and accumulation of highly toxic lipoperoxides in the tissue substrates.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.419-423

scholarly journals Causes of Errors in Construction Contract Documents in Southwestern, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-23
Author(s):  
Oluwaseun Dosumu ◽  
Godwin Idoro ◽  
Henry Onukwube
Keyword(s):  
Project Performance ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Design Management ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Causes Of Errors ◽  
Management Experience ◽  
Procurement Method

The issue of continual poor project performance in the construction industry remains unresolved and there is need for improvement. In view of improving project performance, the study aims at investigating the frequent causes of errors in construction contract documents. The survey research design and mixed research methods were used for the study. The respondents for the study consist of 86 consulting and 98 contracting firms that have been engaged on building projects that is above one floor between 2012 and 2015. Fifty one (51) interviews were also conducted on contractors, project managers and consultants on the projects they were involved and can equally provide necessary information for the study. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 20) was used for the analysis of the study. The study found that the frequent causes of the errors in contract documents are frequent design changes by clients, lack of adequate time to prepare documents and design management experience among others. Based on the findings, it was concluded that the causes of errors in contract documents vary from one state to the other. It was also concluded that there is difference in the causes of errors in contract documents based on types of building, services rendered by construction organisations and states in South West, Nigeria. However, there is no significant difference in the causes of errors in contract documents based on procurement method except where there is incomplete documentation or contracting organisations have overlapping activities. The study recommends that the frequent errors identified should always be prevented from occurring if cost and time overrun are to be minimized. Also since most of the causes identified are related to consultants, it was recommended as suggested by interviewees that all designs must go through quality assurance process.Keywords: Building projects, Construction, Contract documents, Errors, project performance

scholarly journals Efficacy of Ayarij Faiqura in Qarah-e-Hazmiya - Randomized controlled Clinical study

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
MA Siddiqui ◽  
Abdul Quavi ◽  
Mohd Aleemuddin Quamri
Keyword(s):  
Medical Science ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Burning Sensation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Drug ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Control Drug ◽  
Pain Abdomen ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control

Background and Objective: Qarahe Hazmiya (Peptic ulcer disease) is one of the commonest ailment of Gastro intestinal tract, reported to affect around 4% of the population and 10% of people developed it at some point in their life. Etiopathology of the disease is considered as multi factorial mostly treated with medications and rarely with surgery. Several Unani formulation have been indicated effective in Qarahe Hazmiya, one of such formulation has been selected to evaluate its efficacy and to validate the same on scientific parametersMethods: This study was conducted as a single blind, randomized standard control clinical trial on 28 patients (n=20) in test and (n=8) control groups. Test group received Ayarij Faiqura 5gm and control group received Pantoprazole 40 mg, orally in empty stomach for 45 days. The study outcome was assessed as the difference in pre and post treatment through subjective and objective parameters.Result: The test drugs revealed statistically significant improvement in burning sensation in abdomen (p<0.0001), pain abdomen (p<0.0001) as subjective parameters in comparison to control group where as objectivecally endoscopic report showed significantly improvement (p<0.0196) in comparison to control group with respect to the healing of ulcer / erosions.Interpretation and conclusion: The study revealed that the test drug had good response in controlling burning sensation and pain abdomen, along with healing of ulcer / erosions in comparison to control drug. No side effect or toxicity was observed during and or after the study. Thus, it could be concluded that the test drug was found to be safe and effective without any adverse effect.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(1) 2018 p.112-117

Enhancing project performance by developing multiple regression analysis and risk analysis models for interface

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 929-944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nesreen Weshah ◽  
Wael El-Ghandour ◽  
Lynne Cowe Falls ◽  
George Jergeas
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Project Performance ◽  
Interface Problems ◽  
Interface Problem ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Analysis Models

Interface management (IM) is a main factor in the success of construction projects. The failure to correctly manage interfaces impacts a project’s performance measurements, such as scope control and schedule. Using Alberta’s data, collected using a web questionnaire from a large group of experienced industry experts, three phases are conducted in this research. The first identifies the top ten interface problems that affect IM. The second phase includes enhancing project performance by developing and applying multiple regression analysis models between the underlying interface problem factors and the project performance indicators. The last phase includes measuring the severity of the impact of each IM problem to develop an IM risk analysis model. The results of the multiple regression models indicate that the interface problems caused by the “technical engineering and site issues factor”, the “bidding and contracting factor”, and the “information factor” were the strongest influences on the schedule and cost project performance indicators. The results will assist engineers, architects, and others in analyzing and predicting the project performance. This will in turn serve to minimize project delay and cost and reduce conflict among project participants.

scholarly journals A mathematical model and numerical solution of interface problems for steady state heat conduction

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Muradoglu Seyidmamedov ◽  
Ebru Ozbilge
Keyword(s):  
Heat Conduction ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Layered Medium ◽  
Discontinuous Coefficient ◽  
Interface Problems ◽  
Interface Problem ◽  
State Heat ◽  
Transmission Problems ◽  
Fast Direct Solver ◽  
Steady State Heat

We study interface (or transmission) problems arising in the steady state heat conduction for layered medium. These problems are related to the elliptic equation of the formAu:=−∇(k(x)∇u(x))=F(x),x∈Ω⊂ℝ2, with discontinuous coefficientk=k(x). We analyse two types of jump (or contact) conditions across the interfacesΓδ−=Ω1∩ΩδandΓδ+=Ωδ∩Ω2of the layered mediumΩ:=Ω1∪Ωδ∪Ω2. An asymptotic analysis of the interface problem is derived for the case when the thickness (2δ>0) of the layer (isolation)Ωδtends to zero. For each case, the local truncation errors of the used conservative finite difference schemeareestimated on the nonuniform grid. A fast direct solver has been applied for the interface problems with piecewise constant but discontinuous coefficientk=k(x). The presented numerical results illustrate high accuracy and show applicability of the given approach.

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