scholarly journals Validation of AD8-Philippines (AD8-P): A Brief Informant-Based Questionnaire for Dementia Screening in the Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jacqueline C. Dominguez ◽  
Ma. Fe P. de Guzman ◽  
Ma. Lourdes C. Joson ◽  
Krizelle Fowler ◽  
Boots P. Natividad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Persons ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Discriminatory Ability ◽  
Dementia Screening ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Normal Cognition

Aim. This study was aimed at validating the Filipino version of AD8 (AD8-P). Methods. Community-dwelling Filipino older persons aged ≥60 years, together with their informants, participated in this study. Psychologists independently interviewed the informants with AD8-P and administered the Filipino-validated Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-P) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-P) to the older persons. Neurologists and geriatrician conducted physical and neurological examination and Clinical Dementia Rating™ (CDR™) to determine cognitive diagnosis and were blinded with the results of AD8-P. Dementia was diagnosed based on DSM-IV-TR criteria. AD8-P discriminatory ability to screen for dementia was evaluated according to DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for dementia. Results. A total of 366 community-dwelling Filipino older persons aged ≥60 years, 213 with normal cognition and 153 with dementia, and their informants were included in this study. Majority (90%) were at the mildest stage of dementia. Area under the receiver-operating-characteristic curve (AUROC) for AD8-P was 0.94 (95% CI 0.92 to 0.96), demonstrating excellent overall predictive power to screen for dementia. The optimal AD8-P cut-off score with best balance sensitivity (91.5%) and specificity (77.9%) was ≥3. Conclusion. AD8-P demonstrated good psychometric properties to screen for dementia, even at the earliest stage of cognitive decline.

Reliable Individual Change Scores on the 3MS in Older Persons With Dementia: Results From the Canadian Study of Health and Aging

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (S1) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Andrés Correa ◽  
Anne Perrault ◽  
Christina Wolfson
Keyword(s):  
Older Persons ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Individual Change ◽  
Change Scores ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
Severity Of Dementia ◽  
State Examination

We examined the degree of interrater agreement on the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS), administered both in the home and at the clinical examination, to determine the boundaries of reliable individual changes for 257 community-dwelling older persons who received a diagnosis of dementia at CSHA-1. Individual score differences were approximately normally distributed (mean of differences 0.2; SD 8.0; 95% confidence interval -16 to 16). The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.85. Except for the language of testing, there was no relationship between score differences and the determinants investigated (i.e., age, education, type and severity of dementia). This study provides evidence that, in a time frame compatible with no change in cognition, the discrepancy between repeat 3MS scores can be as large as ± 16. These limits represent the range of variability consistent with no change and should be considered when interpreting individual change scores.

The Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) and the Folstein MMSE in a multicultural cohort of elderly persons

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey T. Rowland ◽  
David Basic ◽  
Joella E. Storey ◽  
David A. Conforti
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Language Education ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Assessment Scale ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Likelihood Ratios ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
And Gender

Objective: To compare the accuracy of the Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) and the Folstein Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) for diagnosis of dementia in a multicultural cohort of elderly persons.Methods: A total of 129 community-dwelling persons were selected at random from a database of referrals to an aged-care team. Subjects were stratified according to language background and cognitive diagnosis, and matched for age and gender. The RUDAS and the MMSE were administered to each subject in random order. Within several days, a geriatrician assessed each subject for dementia (DSM-IV criteria) and disease severity (Clinical Dementia Rating Scale). All assessments were carried out independent and blind. The geriatrician also administered the Modified Barthel Index and the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, and screened all participants for non-cognitive disorders that might affect instrument scores.Results: The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the RUDAS [0.92, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 0.85–0.96] was similar to the AUC for the MMSE (0.91, 95%CI 0.84–0.95). At the published cut-points (RUDAS < 23/30, MMSE < 25/30), the positive and negative likelihood ratios for the RUDAS were 19.4 and 0.2, and for the MMSE 2.1 and 0.14, respectively. The MMSE, but not the RUDAS, scores were influenced by preferred language (p = 0.015), total years of education (p = 0.016) and gender (p = 0.044).Conclusions: The RUDAS is at least as accurate as the MMSE, and does not appear to be influenced by language, education or gender. The high positive likelihood ratio for the RUDAS makes it particularly useful for ruling-in disease.

scholarly journals Rapid Screening for Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease: A Pilot Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
YanHong Dong ◽  
Way Inn Koay ◽  
Leonard Leong Litt Yeo ◽  
Christopher Li-Hsian Chen ◽  
Jing Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Cognitive Screen ◽  
State Examination

Aim. This study sought to establish the discriminant validity of a rapid cognitive screen, that is, the National Institute of Neurological Disease and Stroke-Canadian Stroke Network (NINDS-CSN) 5-minute protocol, and compare its discriminant validity to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) in detecting cognitive impairment (CI) in PD patients.Methods. One hundred and one PD patients were recruited from a movement disorders clinic in Singapore and they received the NINDS-CSN 5-minute protocol, MoCA, and MMSE. No cognitive impairment (NCI) was defined as Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) = 0 and CI was defined as CDR ≥ 0.5.Results. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of NINDS-CSN 5-minute protocol was statistically equivalent to MoCA and larger than MMSE (0.86 versus 0.90,P=0.07; 0.86 versus 0.76,P=0.03). The sensitivity of NINDS-CSN 5-minute protocol (<9) was statistically equivalent to MoCA (<22) (0.77 versus 0.85,P=0.13) and superior to MMSE (<24) (0.77 versus 0.52,P<0.01) in detecting CI, while the specificity of NINDS-CSN 5-minute protocol (<9) was statistically equivalent to MoCA (<22) and MMSE (<24) (0.78 versus 0.88,P=0.34).Conclusion. The NINDS-CSN 5-minute protocol is time expeditious while remaining statistically equivalent to MoCA and superior to MMSE and therefore is suitable for rapid cognitive screening of CI in PD patients.

scholarly journals Validity of the Japanese Version of the Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment Screen

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayako Morita ◽  
Rónán O’Caoimh ◽  
Hiroshi Murayama ◽  
D. Molloy ◽  
Shigeru Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Normal Cognition ◽  
Moderate Positive Correlation

Early detection of dementia provides opportunities for interventions that could delay or prevent its progression. We developed the Japanese version of the Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment (Qmci-J) screen, which is a performance-based, easy-to-use, valid and reliable short cognitive screening instrument, and then we examined its validity. Community-dwelling adults aged 65–84 in Niigata prefecture, Japan, were concurrently administered the Qmci-J and the Japanese version of the standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (sMMSE-J). Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia were categorized using established and age-adjusted sMMSE-J cut-offs. The sample (n = 526) included 52 (9.9%) participants with suspected dementia, 123 (23.4%) with suspected MCI and 351 with likely normal cognition. The Qmci-J showed moderate positive correlation with the sMMSE-J (r = 0.49, p < 0.001) and moderate discrimination for predicting suspected cognitive impairment (MCI/dementia) based on sMMSE-J cut-offs, area under curve: 0.74, (95%CI: 0.70–0.79), improving to 0.76 (95%CI: 0.72 to 0.81) after adjusting for age. At a cut-off of 60/61/100, the Qmci-J had a 73% sensitivity, 68% specificity, 53% positive predictive value, and 83% negative predictive value for cognitive impairment. Normative data are presented, excluding those with any sMMSE-J < 27. Though further research is required, the Qmci-J screen may be a useful screening tool to identify older adults at risk of cognitive impairment.

Educational effects on ascertain dementia 8-item informant questionnaire to detect dementia in the Taiwanese population

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1189-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sz-Fan Chen ◽  
Ming-Hsiung Liu ◽  
Nai-Ching Chen ◽  
Horng-Dean Horng ◽  
Wen-Lung Tsao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Memory Clinic ◽  
Taiwanese Population ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Dementia Screening ◽  
Memory Screening ◽  
Receiver Operator Characteristics

ABSTRACTBackground:Dementia screening is a public health priority in Taiwan, where the prevalence of dementia is increasing because of an aging population. However, the reasons affect community-dwelling people to accept a referral to memory specialist clinic after dementia screening was still unclear. To investigate the feasibility, acceptability, sensitivity, and specificity of the ascertain dementia 8-item informant questionnaire (AD8) to screen for patients with cognitive impairments in Taiwan's primary healthcare system.Methods:Researchers invited community-dwelling people whose age was above 50-year-old to attend the Memory Screening Project. AD8 was used to perform the informant interview with adult patients who were attending the Memory Screening Project in Taiwan. Individuals who scored ≥2 on the AD8 was suggested to accept referral for further cognitive performance evaluation tests, which included three validated dementia tests, i.e. the Mini-Mental Screening Examination (MMSE), the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI), and the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR).Results:Of the 102 participants who scored ≥2 on the AD8, only 25.5% attended the referral appointment. In participants who had achieved six or more years of education, AD8 scores were not significantly different between groups and could not differentiate between the non-dementia and patients with dementia in the receiver-operator characteristics curve analysis. In contrast, in those participants who had received less than six years of education, the AD8 scores significantly differentiated between non-dementia and patients with dementia (p = 0.03).Conclusions:There was a low rate of attendance at a specialist memory clinic following referral after the AD8 interview. Higher levels of education facilitated individuals to make a decision to accept the recommended referral appointment, while the AD8 showed a higher rate of differentiation between individuals who had received an education of less than six years.

scholarly journals Will We Do If We Can? Habitual Qualitative and Quantitative Physical Activity in Multi-Morbid, Older Persons with Cognitive Impairment

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 7208
Author(s):  
Bastian Abel ◽  
Martin Bongartz ◽  
Tobias Eckert ◽  
Phoebe Ullrich ◽  
Rainer Beurskens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Gait Characteristics ◽  
Gait Quality ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Health Related ◽  
State Examination

This study aimed to identify determinants of quantitative dimensions of physical activity (PA; duration, frequency, and intensity) in community-dwelling, multi-morbid, older persons with cognitive impairment (CI). In addition, qualitative and quantitative aspects of habitual PA have been described. Quantitative PA and qualitative gait characteristics while walking straight and while walking turns were documented by a validated, sensor-based activity monitor. Univariate and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to delineate associations of quantitative PA dimensions with qualitative characteristics of gait performance and further potential influencing factors (motor capacity measures, demographic, and health-related parameters). In 94 multi-morbid, older adults (82.3 ± 5.9 years) with CI (Mini-Mental State Examination score: 23.3 ± 2.4), analyses of quantitative and qualitative PA documented highly inactive behavior (89.6% inactivity) and a high incidence of gait deficits, respectively. The multiple regression models (adjusted R2 = 0.395–0.679, all p < 0.001) identified specific qualitative gait characteristics as independent determinants for all quantitative PA dimensions, whereas motor capacity was an independent determinant only for the PA dimension duration. Demographic and health-related parameters were not identified as independent determinants. High associations between innovative, qualitative, and established, quantitative PA performances may suggest gait quality as a potential target to increase quantity of PA in multi-morbid, older persons.

scholarly journals Clinical Correlates of Hachinski Ischemic Score and Vascular Factors in Cognitive Function of Elderly

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youn Ho Kim ◽  
Oh Dae Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Family History ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Education History ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
State Examination

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between Hachinski ischemic score (HIS) and vascular factors as well as between HIS and the cognitive function in elderly community. Demographic characteristics, such as sex, age, education, history of drinking and smoking, family history of dementia and stroke, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and dementia, were surveyed. Neurological examination was administered to every subject and HIS was checked by a neurologist. From a total of 392 participants aged 65 and over in a rural community, 348 completed the survey and were finally enrolled. Among the vascular factors, history of hypertension (P=0.008), history of stroke (P<0.001), family history of dementia (P=0.01), and history of cardiac diseases (P=0.012) showed a significant relationship with HIS. In the cognitive function tests, both Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Clinical Dementia Rating (Global and Sum of Boxes) had a significant relationship with HIS. Our study suggested HIS may have an association with some vascular factors and cognitive scales in community dwelling elderly. In this study, the HIS seemed to contribute to the evaluation of the quantity of vascular factors and to the prediction of status of cognitive function.

scholarly journals Cognitive Decline in Patients with Chronic Hydrocephalus and Normal Aging: ‘Growing into Deficits'

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 500-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlijn H. de Beer ◽  
Philip Scheltens
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Normal Aging ◽  
Chronic Hydrocephalus ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Dementia Screening ◽  
Developmental Neurology ◽  
State Examination

Background/Aim: To explore the theory of ‘growing into deficits', a concept known from developmental neurology, in a series of cases with chronic hydrocephalus (CH). Methods: Patients were selected from the Amsterdam Dementia Cohort and underwent extensive dementia screening. Results: Twelve patients with CH were selected, in whom Alzheimer's disease was considered unlikely, based on biomarker information and follow-up. Mean Mini-Mental State Examination score was 24 (range 7-30). Most patients were functioning on a level of mild dementia [Clinical Dementia Rating score of 0.5 in 8/11 (66.7%) patients]. On neuropsychological examination, memory and executive functions, as well as processing speed were most frequently impaired. Conclusion: In our opinion, the theory of ‘growing into deficits' shows a parallel with the clinical course of CH and normal aging when Alzheimer's disease was considered very unlikely, because most of these patients were functioning well for a very large part of their lives. The altered cerebrospinal fluid dynamics might make the brain more vulnerable to aging-related changes, leading to a faster cognitive decline in CH patients compared to healthy subjects, especially in case of concomitant brain damage such as traumatic brain injury or meningitis.

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