scholarly journals The Abnormal Phenomena of Entropy Weighting Method in the Dynamic Evaluation of Agricultural Water Conservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Liangzhen Zhu ◽  
Xigang Xing ◽  
Feng Yan
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Water Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Conservation Assessment ◽  
Weighting Method ◽  
Dynamic Evaluation ◽  
Agricultural Conservation ◽  
Irrigation Projects

Through a simple and intuitive example of the agricultural water conservation assessment in 3 provinces, China, the abnormal phenomena of the entropy weighting method (EWM) in the dynamic evaluation are revealed. The results show the following. (i) The irrigation water efficiency percentages (IWEPs) of these 3 provinces are improved from 53%, 53%, and 55% to 55%, 56%, and 56%, respectively. And their water-saving irrigation projects percentages (WSIPPs) are improved from 40%, 41%, and 41% to 42%, 42%, and 42%, respectively. However, their comprehensive agricultural conservation indices deteriorate from 52.11, 52.45, and 56.1 to 46.07, 46.74, and 48.57, respectively. (ii) EWM leads to the following paradox in the dynamic evaluation. All the indicators show improving trends, but the comprehensive evaluation results show a deteriorating trend. (iii) These abnormal phenomena of EWM are induced by that though all the indicators are improved, the discrimination of the worse indicators becomes larger while the discrimination of the better indicators becomes smaller. (iv) The abnormal phenomena of EWM in dynamic evaluation can be avoided by the trend analysis of the observation data and entropy values. When all the indicators have improvement trends, but the entropies of the better indicators are increasing and the entropies of the worse indicators are decreasing, EWM should not be used for assigning weights.

Application of Extenics in Evaluation of Utilization Degree of Irrigation Water

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 2112-2115
Author(s):  
Ai Wu Cao ◽  
Feng Zhu ◽  
Yu Wei Liu ◽  
Yang Qian
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Water Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Water Utilization ◽  
Key Indicator ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
Static Water ◽  
Water Measurement

The utilization degree of irrigation water is the key indicator of agricultural water-saving efficiency. Currently, water efficiency of irrigation is used to reflect the utilization degree of irrigation water, people commonly uses hydrodynamic measurement and static water measurement, but the result is still affected by many factors. This thesis is based on the method of extenics that combines with various kinds of irrigated area characteristics, realizes the comprehensive evaluation of irrigation and irrigation water utilization. And a simple example shows that is more reasonable compared with traditional methods.

scholarly journals Holistically valuing public investments in agricultural water conservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
pp. 106900
Author(s):  
Aaron M. Shew ◽  
Lawton L. Nalley ◽  
Alvaro Durand-Morat ◽  
Kylie Meredith ◽  
Ranjan Parajuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Public Investments

Impact assessment of climate change and human activities on GHG emissions and agricultural water use

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shikun Sun ◽  
Yihe Tang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Production Factor ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Dndc Model ◽  
Agricultural Water Use ◽  
Means Of Production

<p>The agriculture sector is one of the largest users of water and a significant source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The development of low-GHG-emission and water-conserving agriculture will inevitably be the trend in the future. Because of the physiological differences among crops and their response efficiency to external changes, changes in planting structure, climate and input of production factors will have an impact on regional agricultural water use and GHG emissions. This paper systematically analyzed the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of crop planting structure, climate, and production factor inputs in Heilongjiang Province, the main grain-producing region of China, from 2000 to 2015, and quantified the regional agricultural water use and GHG emissions characteristics under different scenarios by using the Penman-Monteith formula and the Denitrification-Decomposition (DNDC) model. The results showed that the global warming potential (GWP) increased by 15% due to the change in planting structure. A large increase in the proportion of rice and corn sown was the main reason. During the study period, regional climate change had a positive impact on the water- saving and emission reduction of the agricultural industry. The annual water demand per unit area decreased by 19%, and the GWP decreased by 12% compared with that in 2000. The input of fertilizer and other means of production will have a significant impact on GHG emissions from farmlands. The increase in N fertilizer input significantly increased N<sub>2</sub>O emissions, with a 5% increase in GWP. Agricultural water consumption and carbon emissions are affected by changes in climate, input of means of production, and planting structure. Therefore, multiple regulatory measures should be taken in combination with regional characteristics to realize a new layout of planting structure with low emissions, water conservation, and sustainability.</p>

Multi-Attribute Comprehensive Evaluation Method for Power Transmission and Transformation Projects

2014 ◽  
Vol 521 ◽  
pp. 245-251
Author(s):  
Kai Xu ◽  
Xiao Yu Ding ◽  
Hong Wei Chen ◽  
Quan Yuan Jiang ◽  
Ke Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Engineering System ◽  
Weighting Method ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation Method ◽  
Moment Estimation ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Weighting Methods

With the number of power transmission and transformation projects increasing, it needs to consider more indices information and utilize more comprehensive evaluation methods in the decision-making of building schemes. As a consequence, a comprehensive evaluation indices system, including the indices of network security, economy, environmental friendliness, adaptation and coordination of the power transmission and transformation engineering system, is firstly built to evaluation construction schemes. Then this paper proposes a multi-attribute comprehensive evaluation method for power transmission and transformation projects. In this method, the optimal combination weighting method based on the moment estimation is adopted to weight for every index. It can overcome the weakness of the subjective weighting methods and the objective methods. After that, the optimal scheme is obtained by the grey correlation-cosine prioritizing evaluation method, which can take into account the distance and angle information of schemes. Finally, the example shows this method can fully consider overall information of each index, having good operability.

Regional comprehensive drought disaster risk dynamic evaluation based on projection pursuit clustering

Water Policy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 410-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongnan Zhu ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
Yong Zhao ◽  
Zhongmin Liang ◽  
Haihong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Projection Pursuit ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Evaluation Index System ◽  
Dynamic Evaluation ◽  
Drought Disaster ◽  
The Development Trend

Abstract We used system theory to analyze the structure of a regional drought disaster system and separated the drought disaster risk system into three subsystems. These were drought disaster-causing factors, disaster-inducing environments, and disaster-bearing bodies. Analysis of the main factors of these subsystems allowed the establishment of a regional comprehensive drought disaster risk evaluation index system. To simultaneously evaluate the distribution and development trends of the regional comprehensive drought disaster risk, we established a dynamic evaluation model. Based on the ideas of the projection pursuit clustering method and the dynamic comprehensive evaluation method, the model can make use of multi-dimensional space–time drought disaster information. The model was applied to evaluate comprehensive drought disaster risk in the Xuzhou region, China. The evaluation results show that the method was able to illustrate the development trend and distribution of the comprehensive drought disaster risk in the Xuzhou region. The clustering zoning results show that Pizhou City is the area with the highest risk in Xuzhou, while Fengxian has the lowest. The development trend of comprehensive drought disaster risk with time is not significant.

scholarly journals A Building Information Modelling (BIM) based Water Efficiency (BWe) Framework for Sustainable Building Design and Construction Management

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Yuanxiang Guo ◽  
Mohamed Osmani ◽  
Peter Demian
Keyword(s):  
Information Integration ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Water Efficiency ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Building Information Modelling ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
Information Modelling ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Design And Construction

There is a lack of decision-making tools for water efficiency design and construction to maximize project benefits and water conservation. An increasing number of research studies indicate that building information modelling (BIM) can enhance the cooperation, improve work efficiency, and conduct simulation and analysis of sustainability performance in building projects. However, BIM’s potential to enhance water efficiency is yet to be established, such as water gird design optimization, clash detection, combination of BIM with smart appliances and sensors. The research adopted a mixed method approach to investigate the potential impact of BIM on water efficiency in building projects. It involved 50 practitioners from the Architectural, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry through a questionnaire survey and the follow-up interviews. The quantitative results of questionnaire data and qualitative results of interviews were used to develop a “BIM-based Water Efficiency (BWe) Framework” which was subsequently validated by five experienced practitioners and researchers in the form of semi-structured interviews. The framework applies BIM to optimize traditional water efficiency measures based on an information database. The geometry, attributes, status information of building components or non-component objects stored in the database greatly improve information integration degree of construction engineering. This study provided a reference for the use of BIM for water conservation in building design and construction.

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