scholarly journals Overexpression Effects of miR-424 and BMP2 on the Osteogenesis of Wharton’s Jelly-Derived Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Asghar Fallah ◽  
Mahdieh Alipour ◽  
Zahra Jamali ◽  
Akbar Farjadfar ◽  
Leila Roshangar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Wharton’S Jelly ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Wharton's Jelly ◽  
Study Results

Recently, the translational application of noncoding RNAs is accelerated dramatically. In this regard, discovering therapeutic roles of microRNAs by developing synthetic RNA and vector-based RNA is attracting attention. Here, we studied the effect of BMP2 and miR-424 on the osteogenesis of Wharton’s jelly-derived stem cells (WJSCs). For this purpose, human BMP2 and miR-424 DNA codes were cloned in the third generation of lentiviral vectors and then used for HEK-293T cell transfection. Lentiviral plasmids contained miR424, BMP-2, miR424-BMP2, green fluorescent protein (GFP) genes, and helper vectors. The recombinant lentiviral particles transduced the WJSCs, and the osteogenesis was evaluated by real-time PCR, Western blot, Alizarin Red staining, and alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity. According to the results, there was a significant increase in the expression of the BMP2 gene and secretion of Osteocalcin protein in the group of miR424-BMP2. Moreover, the amount of dye deposition in Alizarin Red staining and alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly higher in the mentioned group ( p < 0.05 ). Thus, the current study results clarify the efficacy of gene therapy by miR424-BMP2 vectors for bone tissue engineering. These data could help guide the development of gene therapy-based protocols for bone tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells and polycaprolactone/hydroxyapatite (PCL/HA) scaffold for bone tissue engineering

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
mohammad rahmani ◽  
Mohammad Ghasem Golmohammadi ◽  
Asadolla asadi ◽  
amir delavar ◽  
Farah Farokhi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Wharton’S Jelly ◽  
Wharton's Jelly

scholarly journals Impact of Age on Human Adipose Stem Cells for Bone Tissue Engineering

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1496-1504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Dufrane
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Matrix Mineralization

Bone nonunion is a pathological condition in which all bone healing processes have stopped, resulting in abnormal mobility between 2 bone segments. The incidence of bone-related injuries will increase in an aging population, leading to such injuries reaching epidemic proportions. Tissue engineering and cell therapy using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have raised the possibility of implanting living tissue for bone reconstruction. Bone marrow was first proposed as the source of stem cells for bone regeneration. However, as the quantity of MSCs in the bone marrow decreases, the capacity of osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stem cells is also impaired by the donor’s age in terms of reduced MSC replicative capacity; an increased number of apoptotic cells; formation of colonies positive for alkaline phosphatase; and decreases in the availability, growth potential, and temporal mobilization of MSCs for bone formation in case of fracture. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) demonstrate several advantages over those from bone marrow, including a less invasive harvesting procedure, a higher number of stem cell progenitors from an equivalent amount of tissue harvested, increased proliferation and differentiation capacities, and better angiogenic and osteogenic properties in vivo. Subcutaneous native adipose tissue was not affected by the donor’s age in terms of cellular senescence and yield of ASC isolation. In addition, a constant mRNA level of osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase with a similar level of matrix mineralization of ASCs remained unaffected by donor age after osteogenic differentiation. The secretome of ASCs was also unaffected by age when aiming to promote angiogenesis by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) release in hypoxic conditions. Therefore, the use of adipose cells for bone tissue engineering is not limited by the donor’s age from the isolation of stem cells up to the manufacturing of a complex osteogenic graft.

scholarly journals Composite Hydrogel of Methacrylated Hyaluronic Acid and Fragmented Polycaprolactone Nanofiber for Osteogenic Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 902
Author(s):  
Madhumita Patel ◽  
Won-Gun Koh
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Composite Hydrogel ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Composite Hydrogels

Composite hydrogels with electrospun nanofibers (NFs) have recently been used to mimic the native extracellular matrix. In this study, composite hydrogels of methacrylated hyaluronic acid containing fragmented polycaprolactone NFs were used for bone tissue engineering. The composite (NF/hydrogel) was crosslinked under ultraviolet (UV) light. The incorporation of fragmented polycaprolactone NFs increased the compression modulus from 1762.5 to 3122.5 Pa. Subsequently, adipose-derived stem cells incorporated into the composite hydrogel exhibited a more stretched and elongated morphology and osteogenic differentiation in the absence of external factors. The mRNA expressions of osteogenic biomarkers, including collagen 1 (Col1), alkaline phosphatase, and runt-related transcription factor 2, were 3–5-fold higher in the composite hydrogel than in the hydrogel alone. In addition, results of the protein expression of Col1 and alizarin red staining confirmed osteogenic differentiation. These findings suggest that our composite hydrogel provides a suitable microenvironment for bone tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of a novel scaffold for bone tissue engineering based on Wharton's jelly

2017 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 1034-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Martínez ◽  
Carlos Fernández ◽  
Miguel Prado ◽  
Andres Ozols ◽  
Daniel G. Olmedo
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Wharton’S Jelly ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Wharton's Jelly ◽  
Novel Scaffold

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Cellular Behaviors of Novel Zinc-Doped Hydroxyapatite/Graphene Nanocomposite for Bone Tissue Engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9564
Author(s):  
H. Maleki-Ghaleh ◽  
M. H. Siadati ◽  
A. Fallah ◽  
B. Koc ◽  
M. Kavanlouei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles ◽  
Zinc Doping ◽  
Graphene Nanocomposite

Bacteria are one of the significant causes of infection in the body after scaffold implantation. Effective use of nanotechnology to overcome this problem is an exciting and practical solution. Nanoparticles can cause bacterial degradation by the electrostatic interaction with receptors and cell walls. Simultaneously, the incorporation of antibacterial materials such as zinc and graphene in nanoparticles can further enhance bacterial degradation. In the present study, zinc-doped hydroxyapatite/graphene was synthesized and characterized as a nanocomposite material possessing both antibacterial and bioactive properties for bone tissue engineering. After synthesizing the zinc-doped hydroxyapatite nanoparticles using a mechanochemical process, they were composited with reduced graphene oxide. The nanoparticles and nanocomposite samples were extensively investigated by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy. Their antibacterial behaviors against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were studied. The antibacterial properties of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were found to be improved more than 2.7 and 3.4 times after zinc doping and further compositing with graphene, respectively. In vitro cell assessment was investigated by a cell viability test and alkaline phosphatase activity using mesenchymal stem cells, and the results showed that hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in the culture medium, in addition to non-toxicity, led to enhanced proliferation of bone marrow stem cells. Furthermore, zinc doping in combination with graphene significantly increased alkaline phosphatase activity and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells. The antibacterial activity along with cell biocompatibility/bioactivity of zinc-doped hydroxyapatite/graphene nanocomposite are the highly desirable and suitable biological properties for bone tissue engineering successfully achieved in this work.

scholarly journals Human Olfactory Mucosa Stem Cells Delivery Using a Collagen Hydrogel: As a Potential Candidate for Bone Tissue Engineering

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3909
Author(s):  
Sara Simorgh ◽  
Peiman Brouki Milan ◽  
Maryam Saadatmand ◽  
Zohreh Bagher ◽  
Mazaher Gholipourmalekabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Type I ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Collagen Hydrogel

For bone tissue engineering, stem cell-based therapy has become a promising option. Recently, cell transplantation supported by polymeric carriers has been increasingly evaluated. Herein, we encapsulated human olfactory ectomesenchymal stem cells (OE-MSC) in the collagen hydrogel system, and their osteogenic potential was assessed in vitro and in vivo conditions. Collagen type I was composed of four different concentrations of (4 mg/mL, 5 mg/mL, 6 mg/mL, 7 mg/mL). SDS-Page, FTIR, rheologic test, resazurin assay, live/dead assay, and SEM were used to characterize collagen hydrogels. OE-MSCs encapsulated in the optimum concentration of collagen hydrogel and transplanted in rat calvarial defects. The tissue samples were harvested after 4- and 8-weeks post-transplantation and assessed by optical imaging, micro CT, and H&E staining methods. The highest porosity and biocompatibility were confirmed in all scaffolds. The collagen hydrogel with 7 mg/mL concentration was presented as optimal mechanical properties close to the naïve bone. Furthermore, the same concentration illustrated high osteogenic differentiation confirmed by real-time PCR and alizarin red S methods. Bone healing has significantly occurred in defects treated with OE-MSCs encapsulated hydrogels in vivo. As a result, OE-MSCs with suitable carriers could be used as an appropriate cell source to address clinical bone complications.

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