scholarly journals Spontaneous Renal Artery Dissection in COVID-19 Pneumonia: Potential Danger of Cytokine Storm

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Jitendra Parmar ◽  
Tapan Patel ◽  
Sandip Shah ◽  
Jay Kothari ◽  
Sameer Dani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Artery Dissection ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Aged Patients ◽  
First Case

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has rapidly spread across the globe since its first detection in March 2020. Its widespread manifestations and vascular complications are increasingly being reported even in young and middle-aged patients. Hyperinflammation is a continuum of host’s exaggerated inflammatory response representing cytokine dysregulation/storm which produces coagulopathy and vascular endothelial dysfunction, apart from a prothrombotic state. Cytokine storm or direct viral invasion of the vascular endothelial cells through surface angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors may result in endothelial dysfunction which can potentially result in dissection. Only a few case reports have been published in the literature describing vascular dissection without any inciting factors in COVID-19 patients. Herein, we present the first case report of bilateral renal artery dissection in a 41-year-old male patient who recently recovered from COVID-19 and was managed successfully in stages after many medical hurdles.

PGI2 Production In Human Endothelial Cells Cultured In Diabetic And Nondiabetic Serum

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
R C Paton ◽  
R Guillot ◽  
Ph Passa
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Proliferative Retinopathy ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Human Endothelial Cells ◽  
Bovine Thrombin ◽  
Control Serum ◽  
Umbilical Cords ◽  
Cells Cultured

Reduced levels of prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) may contribute to the platelet hyper-reactivity and vascular complications found in diabetes mellitus. This study compared PGI2 production (PGI2-like activity and 6-keto-PGF1α levels) by vascular endothelial cells cultured in the presence of serum from 15 diabetics with proliferative retinopathy (5 treated by surgical hypophysectomy) and 15 sex-matched nondiabetic controls. Endothelial cells from human umbilical veins were cultured in M199 with either 20 % diabetic or control serum. At confluence, cultures were washed and stimulated with 0.1 NIH u/ml bovine thrombin. After 2 min incubation, the supernatant was tested for i)PGI2-like activity on ADP- induced platelet aggregation, results expressed as % inhibition and ii) 6-keto-PGF1α by radioimmunoassay, results expressed as nmol/ml. There was a significant correlation between PGI2-like activity and 6-keto-PGF-1α levels (r 0.78, p<0.001). The liberation of PGI2 from endothelial cells from different umbilical cords varied, but both PGI2-like activity (mean± SEM 21.9± 4.8 vs 28.3± 5.1 p<0.05) and 6-keto-PGF-1α (3.15± 0.68 vs 3.95 ±0.91 nmol/ml, p <0.05)were significantly lower in superantant from cells cultured in the presence of diabetic compared to control serum. PGI2 production was not significantly different in cells cultured with serum from hypophysectomised and nonhypophysectomised diabetics.These results suggest that serum from diabetics with proliferative retinopathy contains factors which impair the release or production of PGI2 by endothelial cells and that this effect is not mediated by the pituitary.

Icariin Attenuates High Glucose-Induced Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in Human Umbilical Venous Endothelial Cells

Planta Medica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (06) ◽  
pp. 473-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Sun ◽  
Le Liu ◽  
Xiaojun Tian ◽  
Yanghongyun Guo ◽  
Yingkang Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Flavonoid Glycoside ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Diabetic Vascular Complications ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

AbstractEndothelial dysfunction is closely associated with diabetic complications. Icariin, a flavonoid glycoside isolated from the Epimedium plant species, exhibits antidiabetic properties. However, its impact on endothelial function remains poorly understood, particularly under hyperglycemia. In this study, we investigated the potential protective effect of icariin on high glucose-induced detrimental effects on vascular endothelial cells. Human umbilical venous endothelial cells were incubated in media containing 5.5 mM glucose (normal glucose) or 25 mM glucose (high glucose) in the presence or absence of 50 µM icariin for 72 h. We found that high glucose markedly induced cell apoptosis, enhanced reactive oxygen species generation, and elevated expression levels of inflammatory factors and cell adhesion molecules, which were greatly subdued by icariin supplementation. In conclusion, icariin exerted a beneficial effect on high glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction. This new finding provides a promising strategy for future treatment of diabetic vascular complications.

scholarly journals S-adenosyl methionine prevents endothelial dysfunction by inducing heme oxygenase-1 in vascular endothelial cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Young Kim ◽  
Seok Woo Hong ◽  
Mi-Ok Kim ◽  
Hyun-Sik Kim ◽  
Jung Eun Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Adenosyl Methionine

scholarly journals Effect of Hyperglycemia on Epcs Function and Regenerative Ability

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadeel Khalil Hendawi ◽  
Dina Nehad Awartani ◽  
Aya Ghoul ◽  
Isra Marei
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Cell Functions

Diabetes induced hyperglycemia increases the risk of cardiovascular complications as it impacts vascular endothelial cells causing vascular dysfunction. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been suggested to participate in the repair of vascular endothelial cells once they are impacted by hyperglycemia in diabetic patients. This research aims to test the EPC subtype blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs) and their ability to survive and function under chronic hyperglycemic conditions. For that, we studied BOECs viability, response to shear stress, angiogenesis ability, and barrier function under normoglycemic (5.5mM) and hyperglycemic (25mM) conditions. The results have shown significant effects of chronic hyperglycemic conditions on cell proliferation (n=3, p<0.05), and migration (n=3, p<0.05) which were decreased when compared to control. Cells responses to shear stress were not affected under these conditions. There was a trend towards an increase in permeability as indicated by barrier function assays. The decrease in those endothelial cell functions might impact the repair mechanisms needed in diabetic patients to protect from vascular complications. Further investigations are required to establish therapeutic targets to improve EPCs repair function.

scholarly journals A Case Report of Ischemic Stroke in a Patient with Metastatic Gastric Cancer Secondary to Treatment with the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 Inhibitor Ramucirumab

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Christiansen ◽  
Timothy Ingall ◽  
Edward C. Lew ◽  
Ramesh K. Ramanathan ◽  
Harshita R. Paripati
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Metastatic Gastric Cancer ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
First Case ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Ramucirumab is an antiangiogenesis agent targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), approved to treat advanced gastric and colon cancer. In clinical trials, it was shown to cause a small increase in arterial thromboembolism compared to placebo, including cerebral and myocardial ischemia, which was not statistically significant. Detailed case reports are lacking and we here present one of the first case reports of stroke secondary to ramucirumab-induced in situ thrombosis.

Simultaneous endovascular revascularization of external iliac artery dissection and transplant renal artery stenosis in a recent renal allograft recipient

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Vijayvergiya ◽  
Atit Gawalkar ◽  
Ganesh Kasinadhuni ◽  
Ashish Sharma ◽  
Sarbpreet Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Renal Artery Stenosis ◽  
Iliac Artery ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
External Iliac Artery ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
Artery Dissection ◽  
Renal Allograft Recipient ◽  
Transplant Renal Artery Stenosis

Abstract Various vascular complications following renal transplantation include renal artery and vein thrombosis, renal artery stenosis, pseudoaneurysm, and iliac artery dissection. Transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) is the most common, while iliac artery dissection is the rarest of these various vascular complications. We describe an elderly male, who had both external iliac artery dissection and TRAS at 2 months following renal transplantation. He underwent successful percutaneous endovascular intervention of both complications. The post-intervention course was uneventful, with improvement in graft renal functions and left lower limb perfusion.

Spontaneous Microguidewire Extrusion From the Foot Following Cerebral Aneurysm Treatment: First Case Report

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-216
Author(s):  
Kurdow Nader ◽  
Saleh Lamin ◽  
Joseph Leyon ◽  
Swarupsinh Chavda ◽  
Allan Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Her Family ◽  
First Case ◽  
Subsequent Fracture ◽  
Femoral Puncture ◽  
The Wire

Abstract BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE Microguidewire entrapment and failure related to endovascular therapy is a rare complication with limited case reports available, most of which are from cardiac endovascular intervention. Migration of the microguidewire has been reported in coronary intervention with some resulting in severe complications, but there are no reported cases of spontaneous extrusion of wire fragment following a neurointerventional procedure. We report the first case of a microguidewire entrapment with subsequent fracture, followed by spontaneous extrusion of the wire fragment. CLINICAL PRESENTATION A 40-yr-old woman was admitted for an elective flow-diversion stent treatment of an unruptured paraophthalamic aneurysm. Microguidewire entrapment occurred during an attempted balloon-aided dilatation of the partially opened stent. Careful attempts failed to retrieve the wire; hence, the decision was made to leave it behind. She presented to her family doctor 6 mo later with spontaneous extrusion of a 60-cm fragment of the retained wire, from her heel ipsilateral to the femoral puncture site. This had not resulted in any further vascular or non-vascular complications. CONCLUSION Fracture with extrusion is a potential consequence of a retained microguidewires. While this is an extremely rare complication, it is important to alert clinicians and patient about the possibility of wire migration and extrusion. Early follow-up with clinical assessment, and targeted imaging should lead to identification of this occurrence.

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