scholarly journals Glycemic Control of Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Referral Hospitals of Amhara Region, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Berhanu Elfu Feleke ◽  
Teferi Elfu Feleke ◽  
Melkamu Beyene Kassahun ◽  
Wondemu Gebrekirose Adane ◽  
Netsanet Fentahun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Amhara Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Referral Hospitals ◽  
Control Of Diabetes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Background. Glycemic control is the level of glucose in diabetes patient. Evidence regarding glycemic control is scarce in resource-limited settings, and this study was conducted to generate information regarding the prevalence and predictors of glycemic control among diabetes mellitus patients attending their care from the referral hospitals of the Amhara region, Ethiopia. Methods. A cross-sectional study design was implemented. A simple random sampling technique was used. Data were collected from March 2018 to January 2020. The data were collected using interviews, chart review, and blood samples. Hemoglobin A1c was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. Data were entered into Epi-info software and analyzed by SPSS software. Descriptive statistics were used to estimate the prevalence of glycemic control; linear regression was used to identify the predictors of HbA1c. Results. A total of 2554 diabetes patients were included giving for the response rate of 95.83%. The mean age of the study participants was 54.08 years [ SD   standard   deviation ± 8.38   years ]. The mean HbA1c of the study participants was 7.31% [ SD ± 0.94 % ]. Glycemic control was poor in 55.32% [95% CI: 53.4%-57.25%] of diabetes patients. The glycemic control of diabetes patients was determined by BMI (β 0.1; [95% CI: 0.09-0.1]), type 2 diabetes (β -0.14; [95% CI: -0.11-0.16]), age (β 0.22; [95% CI: 0.02-0.024]), duration of the disease (β 0.04; [95% CI: 0.037-0.042]), the presence of hypertension (β 0.12; [95% CI:0.09–0.16]), regular physical exercise (β -0.06; [95% CI: -0.03-0.09]), medication adherence (β -0.16; [95% CI: -0.14-0.18]), and male (β 0.34; [95% CI: 0.31-.037]). Conclusion. The glycemic control of diabetes patients was poor, and it needs the attention of decision-makers.

Barriers to self-injection of insulin among patients attending the diabetes clinics at the three referral hospitals in Bhutan: a cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Thinley Dorji ◽  
Pema Lhamo ◽  
Tshering Tshering ◽  
Lungten Zangmo ◽  
Kencho Choden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Good Glycaemic Control ◽  
Referral Hospitals ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Introduction: Insulin, despite its increasing cost, is prescribed to selected cases of diabetes patients with an aim to achieve good glycaemic control. However, many on insulin do not achieve glycaemic control. We, therefore, studied the possible factors that may act as barriers to effective self-injection of insulin among diabetes patients at the three referral hospitals in Bhutan. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, conducted from January-June 2017, involving all patients on insulin therapy for more than three months duration. Convenience sampling was used. Respondents’ basic details and self-reported barriers to insulin therapy under various domains were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Ethics approval was granted by the Research Ethics Board of Health, Bhutan. Results: There were 207 respondents on insulin therapy. The mean age of the sample was 55 years (±13.8 years) and the mean duration of diabetes was 10.6 years (± 7.8 years). Injection dexterity was an issue in 77 respondents (37.2%) while 37 respondents (17.8%) reported that they would miss their insulin shots if their caregiver were unavailable. Insulin regimens were burdensome and interfered with their daily activities (80; 38.7%) and meal timings (64; 30.9%). Although the majority (179; 86.4%) knew why insulin was indicated for them, 149 (72.0%) found that the healthcare personnel’s demonstration on the use of insulin was inadequate and 50 respondents (24.2%) felt that they did not receive enough information on how to inject insulin. Conclusions: Barriers to self-injection are common among insulin users and coordinated efforts are needed to overcome them.

scholarly journals Perceived Stress Levels and Associated Factors Among SARS-CoV-2-Affected Young Adults Under Home Isolation—A Cross-Sectional Study From Kerala, India

2022 ◽  
pp. 263394472110586
Author(s):  
Anjana Nalina Kumari Kesavan Nair ◽  
Jisharaj Vijayakumari Rajasekharan Nair ◽  
Siji Vincent Swarnabai ◽  
Reshma Rajan Sudha ◽  
Alice Metilda Mendez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact

Introduction The impact of SARS-CoV-2 is not only on physical health but also on mental health. This pandemic raised concerns of fear, anxiety, and stress among patients affected with the disease. Quarantine and home isolation might have created psychological distress and helplessness in patients due to social and economic reasons. This study aimed in assessing the level of perceived stress and factors associated with it among SARS-CoV-2-affected young adults who were under home isolation. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted among 147 SARS-CoV-2-affected young adults who were under home isolation during June 2021 to August 2021. A semi-structured proforma was created using KoBo Toolbox for humanitarian response for data collection. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) was used for measurement of stress among COVID-19 patients. The questionnaire was shared in online platform. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0. Significance of association was tested using chi square test and independent sample t test. Logistic regression was done to predict the factors associated with perceived stress. Results Out of the 147 study participants, 56.5% were females and 43.5% were males. Symptoms were present in 94 (63.9%) of patients. The mean age of the study participants was 26 (10.5) years. The mean PSS score was 17.5 (6.4). Among the cases under home isolation, 24.5% had low stress levels, 68% had moderate stress levels, and 7.5% had severe stress levels. Feeling of loneliness during home isolation (odds ratio [OR]: 4.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.9-11.63], P = .008), presence of elderly or under-5 children in the same house (OR: 15.45, 95% CI [2.03-117.5], P = .001), and presence of cough ( P = .05) were found to be significantly associated with higher PSS scores. Age and sleep were negatively correlated with stress score. Conclusion One-third of the study participants had moderate to severe levels of perceived stress. Age, sleep hours, presence of cough, presence of under-5 children or elderly in the same house, and feeling of loneliness during home isolation were found to be significantly associated with high perceived stress level scores.

scholarly journals Knowledge towards standard precautions among healthcare providers of hospitals in Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2017: a cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayele Semachew Kasa ◽  
Worku Animaw Temesgen ◽  
Yinager Workineh ◽  
Tadesse Dagget Tesfaye ◽  
Sitotaw Kerie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Amhara Region ◽  
Standard Precautions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Literatures revealed that healthcare-associated infections are still a great concern in many developing countries including in Ethiopia. Despite the development of detailed guidelines for infection control, they remain as a critical challenge for the public health sectors and the knowledge of standard precautions among healthcare workers in many developing countries is low and not properly applied. Hence, the present study tried to determine the level of knowledge about standard precautions among healthcare workers of Amhara region, Ethiopia. Methods Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted on a randomly selected public hospitals of Amhara region, Northwest Ethiopia from March 01–April 01/2017. A multistage sampling strategy was utilized to select 795 sampled healthcare workers. Data were collected using pretested self-administered questionnaire. The collected data entered using EpiData Version 3.1 statistical software and analyzed using SPSS version 20 statistical package. After using binary logistic regression, multivariable logistic regression analysis used to form the model. Variables which had statistically significant association with the outcome variable (P < 0.05) were identified as significant in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results Almost half (49.2%) of the study participants were female healthcare workers. Three-fourth (74.3%) of the healthcare workers involved in the current study had good knowledge towards standard precautions. Good knowledge towards standard precautions refers to scoring correct responses to > 60% of knowledge items from the survey. Year of service (AOR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.44), educational status (AOR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.13 to 2.56) were among the predictor variables. In addition, physicians were 6.97 times more likely to be knowledgeable (AOR: 6.97, 95% CI 2.42 to 20.12) than laboratory technician/technology counterparts. Study participants working in medical, Gyn/obs, pediatrics wards, and OPD were about 2.23, 4.27, 2.81 and 2.52 times more likely to be knowledgeable than study participants working in surgical ward. Conclusions Overall, the majority of healthcare workers had good knowledge of standard precautions. But variation in knowledge was detected across healthcare workers by hospital type and ward/units. This may help to design a solution by prioritizing the problem.

scholarly journals Knowledge and practice of immediate new-born care among midwives in central zone public health Facilities, Tigray, Ethiopia: cross sectional study.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tesfay Tsegay Gebru ◽  
Rajalakshmi Murugan ◽  
Alem Gebremariam Abrha ◽  
Mekonnen Haftom Goyteom
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Care ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immediate Newborn Care ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to assess knowledge and practice of immediate newborn care among midwives in governmental health facilities of central zone of Tigray regional state, 2016. Results The mean age of the study participants was 34.1 years. Majority of the participants (83%) were diploma midwives. The score of knowledge of participants on immediate newborn care was 17.7% good and 25.2% poor. More than half (52.4%) of midwives practiced immediate newborn care. Midwives working in health center have 82% lower odds of newborn care compared to those working in hospital (p=0.000, OR=0.18 (0.07, 0.43).

Health-seeking behavior and associated factors among community in Southern Ethiopia:Community based cross-sectional study guided by Health belief model

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Likawunt Samuel Asfaw ◽  
Samuel Yohannes Ayanto ◽  
Yitagessu Habtu Aweke
Keyword(s):  
Health Service Utilization ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Seeking Behavior ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Participants

AbstractBackgroundHealth-seeking behavior is a sequence of actions taken to promote health and prevent disease. Governments’ expenditure to health is being improved in Ethiopia. In contrast, high disease burden and low health service utilization is observed. The low health service utilization could be due to low health-seeking behavior of the community. Thus, this studywas aimed to determine the level of health-seeking behavior and associated factors in Hosanna town, Southern Ethiopia.MethodsWe used communitybased cross-sectional study design among community (n= 443) in Hosanna town. The overall health-seeking behavior of study participants was assessed using the mean score of each of the dimensions (health promotion and disease prevention activities) as a cut-off value. Having a score above the mean on each of the target dimensions was equated with having a high level of health seeking behaviour. STATA 12 soft-ware package (Stata Corporation, College Station, Texas, 77845, USA)was used for descriptive and logistic regression analysis.ResultsAbout eighty five percent of (85.4%) participants had low level of health-seeking behavior. Males were about two folds more likely to have low level of health-seeking behavior than females (AOR: 1.8; CI 1.03–3.42). Widowed participants were about five times more likely to have low health-seeking behavior (AOR: 4.8; CI 2.1–17.1) when compared to married participants. Those participants who are illiterate were about five times more likely to have low health-seeking behavior than who completed higher education (AOR: 4.5; CI 1.16–17.8).ConclusionThe study revealed low health-seeking behavior among the study participants in the study area. This finding suggested the need forurgent interventions to the health literacy packages of Ethiopia to enhance the health seeking behavior of the country.

scholarly journals Spontaneous ovulation and pregnancy in women with polycystic ovarian disease; a cross sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 359
Author(s):  
Mostafa A. Sleem ◽  
Ibrahim I. Mohamed ◽  
Mahmoud S. Zakherah ◽  
Ahmed M. Abbas ◽  
Momen A. Kamel
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Health Hospital

Background: Polycystic ovary disease (PCOD) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, with a prevalence of approximately 5-10%. This study aims to assess the rate of spontaneous ovulation and pregnancy in patients. The present study was a cross sectional study conducted at Woman's Health Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.Methods: The current study was a cross sectional study carried out in Assiut Women's Health Hospital between the 1st October 2016 and 31st July 2017. The patients were selected as infertile patients with PCOD. The patient ages range between 20 and 35 years. The BMI is between 18 and 30 Kg/m2. The main outcome measure was the rate of spontaneous ovulation and spontaneous pregnancy in the 3 cycles.Results: The mean age of the study participants was 26.64±4.59 years and the mean BMI was 24.46±2.62Kg/m2. The sonographic ovarian volume was 12.47±0.69 mm3 for the right ovary and 12.74±0.73 mm3 for the left ovary. No difference in the serum FSH, LH, FSH/LH ratio and prolactin over the 3 consecutive cycles. The rate of spontaneous ovulation in the 3 cycles was 6 women (8.6%) and 2 cases (2.8%) became pregnant spontaneously during the study period. There is no statistical significant difference between ovulating and non-ovulating women according to the BMI and ovarian volume.Conclusions: The present study concluded that the rate of spontaneous ovulation was 8.6% in women with PCOD within 3 cycles with no adverse effects of drugs or surgical interference.

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