scholarly journals Swelling Potential of Clayey Soil Modified with Rice Husk Ash Activated by Calcination for Pavement Underlay by Plasticity Index Method (PIM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Kennedy C. Onyelowe ◽  
Michael E. Onyia ◽  
Diu Nguyen-Thi ◽  
Duc Bui Van ◽  
Eze Onukwugha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Volume Change ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Plasticity Index ◽  
Index Method

Volume change in expansive soils is a problem encountered in earth work around the world. This is prominent with hydraulically bound structures or foundations subjected to prolonged moisture exposure. This behavior of clayey used as subgrade, foundation, landfill, or backfill materials causes undesirable structural functionality and failures. To prevent this happening, clayey soils are studied for possible volume change potential and degree of expansion. Consequently, the problematic soils are stabilized. In this work, the stabilization of clayey highly expansive soil classified as A-7-6 soil and highly plastic with high clay content was conducted under laboratory conditions. The treatment exercise was experimented using quicklime-activated rice husk ash (QARHA), hydrated lime-activated rice husk ash (HARHA), and calcite-activated rice husk ash (CARHA) at the rates of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, and 10%. Upon treatment with the three calcium compounds to produce three sets of treated experimental specimens, the plasticity index was observed and recorded and swelling potentials were evaluated using the plasticity index method (PIM). The results showed a consistent improvement on the properties of the treated soil with the addition of the different activated admixtures. While the utilization of CARHA and HARHA improved the clayey soil to medium expansive soil, the treated clayey soil substantially improved from highly expansive soil with a potential of 23.35% to less expansive with a final potential of 0.59% upon the addition of 10% QARHA. Finally, QARHA was adjudged as the best binding composite due to the highest rate of reduction recorded with its utilization.

scholarly journals Modification of Mechanical Properties of Expansive Soil from North China by Using Rice Husk Ash

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2789
Author(s):  
Mazahir M. M. Taha ◽  
Cheng-Pei Feng ◽  
Sara H. S. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
North China ◽  
Void Ratio ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Coefficient Of Consolidation ◽  
Consolidation Coefficient

The construction of buildings on expansive soils poses considerable risk of damage or collapse due to soil shrinkage or swelling made likely by the remarkable degree compressibility and weak shear resistance of such soils. In this research, rice husk ash (RHA) was added to expansive soil samples in different quantities of 0%, 4%, 8%, 12%, and 16% by weight of soil to determine their effects on the plasticity index, compaction parameters, consolidation performance, and California bearing ratio (CBR)of clay soil. The results show that the use of RHA increases the effective stress and decreases the void ratio and coefficient of consolidation. Adding 16% RHA resulted in the greatest reduction in the hydraulic conductivity, void ratio, and coefficient of consolidation. The void ratio decreased from 0.96 to 0.93, consolidation coefficient decreased from 2.52 to 2.33 cm2/s, and hydraulic conductivity decreased from 1.12 to 0.80 cm/s. The addition of RHA improved the soil properties and coefficient of consolidation due to the high density and cohesiveness of RHA. The results of this study can be used to provide a suitable basis for the treatment of expansive soil to provide improved conditions for infrastructure construction.

scholarly journals Strength, Hydraulic, and Microstructural Characteristics of Expansive Soils Incorporating Marble Dust and Rice Husk Ash

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Fazal E. Jalal ◽  
Sultani Mulk ◽  
Shazim Ali Memon ◽  
Babak Jamhiri ◽  
Ahsan Naseem
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Preconsolidation Pressure ◽  
Marble Dust

Expansive/swell-shrink soils exhibit high plasticity and low strength, which lead to settlement and instability of lightly loaded structures. These problematic soils contain various swelling clay minerals that are unsuitable for engineering requirements. In an attempt to counter the treacherous damage of such soils in modern geotechnical engineering, efforts are underway to utilize environmentally friendly and sustainable waste materials as stabilizers. This study evaluates the strength and consolidation characteristics of expansive soils treated with marble dust (MD) and rice husk ash (RHA) through a multitude of laboratory tests, including consistency limits, compaction, uniaxial compression strength (UCS), and consolidation tests. By using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses, the effect of curing on UCS after 3, 7, 14, 28, 56, and 112 days was studied from the standpoint of microstructural changes. Also, the long-term strength development of treated soils was analyzed in terms of the interactive response of impacting factors with the assistance of a series of ANN-based sensitivity analyses. It is found from the results that the addition of MD and RHA lowered down the water holding capacity, thereby causing a reduction in soil plasticity (by 21% for MD and 14.5% for RHA) and optimum water content (by 2% for MD and increased by 6% for RHA) along with an increase in the UCS (for 8% MD from 97 kPa to 471 kPa and for 10% RHA from 211 kPa to 665 kPa, after 3 days and 112 days of curing, respectively). Moreover, from the oedometer test results, m v initially increased up to 6% dosage and then dropped with further increase in the preconsolidation pressure. Furthermore, the compression index dropped with an increase in the preconsolidation pressure and addition of MD/RHA, while the coefficient of permeability (k) of RHA stabilized soil was higher than that of MD-treated samples for almost all dosage levels. The formation of the fibrous cementitious compounds (C-S-H; C-A-H) increased at optimum additive dosage after 7 days and at higher curing periods. Hence, the use of 10% RHA and 12% MD as replacement of the expansive soil is recommended for higher efficacy. This research would be helpful in reducing the impacts created by the disposal of both expansive soil and industrial and agricultural waste materials.

scholarly journals Application of Gene Expression Programming to Evaluate Strength Characteristics of Hydrated-Lime-Activated Rice Husk Ash-Treated Expansive Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Kennedy C. Onyelowe ◽  
Fazal E. Jalal ◽  
Michael E. Onyia ◽  
Ifeanyichukwu C. Onuoha ◽  
George U. Alaneme
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Soft Computing ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Gene Expression Programming ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
R Value ◽  
Design And Construction

Gene expression programming has been applied in this work to predict the California bearing ratio (CBR), unconfined compressive strength (UCS), and resistance value (R value or Rvalue) of expansive soil treated with an improved composites of rice husk ash. Pavement foundations suffer failures due to poor design and construction, poor materials handling and utilization, and management lapses. The evolution of sustainable green materials and optimization and soft computing techniques have been deployed to improve on the deficiencies being suffered in the abovementioned areas of design and construction engineering. In this work, expansive soil classified as A-7-6 group soil was treated with hydrated-lime activated rice husk ash (HARHA) in an incremental proportion to produce 121 datasets, which were used to predict the behavior of the soil’s strength parameters utilizing the mutative and evolutionary algorithms of GEP. The input parameters were HARHA, liquid limit ( w L ), (plastic limit w P , plasticity index I P , optimum moisture content ( w OMC ), clay activity (AC), and (maximum dry density (δmax) while CBR, UCS, and R value were the output parameters. A multiple linear regression (MLR) was also conducted on the datasets in addition to GEP to serve as a check mechanism. At the end of the computing and iterations, MLR and GEP optimization methods proposed three equations corresponding to the output parameters of the work. The responses validation on the predicted models shows a good correlation above 0.9 and a great performance index. The predicted models’ performance has shown that GEP soft computing has predicted models that can be used in the design of CBR, UCS, and R value for soils being used as foundation materials and being treated with admixtures as a binding component.

Improvement of Strength and Volume-Change Properties of Expansive Clays with Geopolymer Treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110018
Author(s):  
Rinu Samuel ◽  
Anand J. Puppala ◽  
Aritra Banerjee ◽  
Oscar Huang ◽  
Miladin Radovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volume Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Plasticity Index ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Expansive Clays ◽  
Change Behavior ◽  
Volume Change Behavior ◽  
Lower Carbon

Expansive soils are conventionally treated with chemical stabilizers manufactured by energy-intensive processes that significantly contribute to carbon dioxide emissions globally. Geopolymers, which are synthesized from industrial byproducts rich in aluminosilicates, are a viable alternative to conventional treatments, as they are eco-friendly and sustainable. In this study, a metakaolin-based geopolymer was synthesized, and its effects on the strength and volume-change behavior of two native expansive soils from Texas, with a plasticity index over 20 were investigated. This paper elaborates on the geopolymerization process, synthesis of the metakaolin-based geopolymer, specimen preparation, and geopolymer treatment of soils. Comprehensive material testing revealed two clays with a plasticity index over 20. They were each treated with three dosages of the metakaolin-based geopolymer and cured in 100% relative humidity for three different curing periods. The efficiency of geopolymer treatment was determined by testing the control and geopolymer-treated soils for unconfined compressive strength (UCS), one-dimensional swell, and linear shrinkage. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) imaging was performed on the synthesized geopolymer, as well as on the control and geopolymer-treated soils, to detect microstructural changes caused by geopolymerization. A significant increase in UCS and reduction in swelling and shrinkage were observed for both geopolymer-treated soils, within a curing period of only 7 days. The FESEM imaging provided new insights on the structure of geopolymers and evidence of geopolymer formation in treated soils. In conclusion, the metakaolin-based geopolymer has strong potential as a lower-carbon-footprint alternative to conventional stabilizers for expansive soils.

Engineering behavior of expansive soils treated with rice husk ash

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mubashir Aziz ◽  
Masood Saleem ◽  
Muhammad Irfan
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Expansive Soils

scholarly journals Influence of Lime, Rice Husk Ash and Coconut Fibre on Strength Properties of Subgrade

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 767-772
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Soil Stability ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Subgrade Soil ◽  
Adjustment Strategies ◽  
Coconut Fibre

Soil stability is a significant criterion in the field of development, for soil which needs adequate steadiness, different adjustment strategies can be embraced. The entrenched methods of soil adjustment regularly utilize such establishing operators like cement. Substitution of solidifying substance with commercial or agriculture outcome is profoundly attractive. Rice husk ash is an extremely prospective agriculture dissipates as pozzolanic materials that bring about a prevalent property after joined with lime. Also, coconut fibre is well known for its durability and high resistance and gives well establishing results when combined with lime and rice husk ash. This study worked on the experimental investigation of clayey soil with admixtures like lime, rice husk ash and coconut fibre. This study included the calculation of properties of the soil as consistency limits and strength characteristics. Clay type of soil is used in this study. In view of compaction, expansion of lime, RHA and coconut fibre diminishes the dry density and expands the moisture content. From the perspective of strength characteristics and economical terms, expansion of 6% lime, 8 % RHA and 1 % coconut fibre are prescribed as ideal value for subgrade soil adjustment

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