scholarly journals BBAAS: Blockchain-Based Anonymous Authentication Scheme for Providing Secure Communication in VANETs

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Azees Maria ◽  
Vijayakumar Pandi ◽  
Jeatha Deborah Lazarus ◽  
Marimuthu Karuppiah ◽  
Mary Subaja Christo
Keyword(s):  
Secure Communication ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Authentication Scheme ◽  
Security Attacks ◽  
Authentication Code ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Anonymous Authentication ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Authentication Schemes

Smart driving has become conceivable due to the rapid growth of vehicular ad hoc networks. VANETs are considered as the main platform for providing safety road information and instant vehicle communication. Nevertheless, due to the open wireless nature of communication channels, VANET is susceptible to security attacks by malicious users. For this reason, secure anonymous authentication schemes are essential in VANETs. However, when vehicles reach a new roadside unit (RSU) coverage area, the vehicles need to perform reauthentication with the current RSU, which significantly diminishes the efficiency of the entire VANET. Therefore, the introduction of blockchain technology has created opportunities for VANETs to resolve the aforementioned challenges. Due to the decentralized nature of blockchain technology, rapid reauthentication of vehicles is achieved in this paper through secure authentication code transfer between the consecutive RSUs. The security strength of the proposed blockchain-based anonymous authentication scheme against various harmful security attacks is proven in the security analysis section to ensure that it provides better security. In addition, blockchain, as presented in the performance analysis section, is used to substantially diminish the computational cost compared to conventional authentication schemes.

scholarly journals A Blockchain-Based Hierarchical Authentication Scheme for Multiserver Architecture

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Miqi Wu ◽  
Lin You ◽  
Gengran Hu ◽  
Liang Li ◽  
Chengtang Cao
Keyword(s):  
Secure Communication ◽  
Random Oracle Model ◽  
Random Oracle ◽  
Authentication Scheme ◽  
Security Risks ◽  
Private Key ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Man In The Middle ◽  
User Revocation ◽  
Authentication Schemes

In a multiserver architecture, authentication schemes play an important role in the secure communication of the system. In many multiserver authentication schemes, the security of the mutual authentications among the participants is based on the security of the registration center’s private key. This centralized architecture can create security risks due to the leakage of the registration center’s private key. Blockchain technology, with its decentralized, tamper-proof, and distributed features, can provide a new solution for multiserver authentication schemes. In a lot of multiserver authentication schemes, users’ permission is generally controlled by the registration center (RC), but these permission control methods cannot be applied in the decentralized blockchain system. In this paper, a blockchain-based authentication scheme for multiserver architecture is proposed. Our scheme provides a hierarchical authentication method to solve the problems of user permission control and user revocation caused by no registration center. The security of our scheme is formally proved under the random oracle model. According to our analysis, our scheme is resistant to attacks such as impersonation attacks and man-in-the-middle attacks. In addition, our performance analysis shows that the proposed scheme has less computation overhead.

scholarly journals Distributed Blockchain-Based Message Authentication Scheme for Connected Vehicles

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaewon Noh ◽  
Sangil Jeon ◽  
Sunghyun Cho
Keyword(s):  
Private Information ◽  
Privacy Preservation ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Authentication Scheme ◽  
Traffic Information ◽  
Message Authentication ◽  
Authentication Code ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Secure Authentication

Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) have several security issues such as privacy preservation, secure authentication, and system reliability. In the VANET, a vehicle communicates with other vehicles or infrastructures using broadcasting messages. These messages contain not only normal traffic information, but also identification information of sender. In general, the identification information remains encrypted to ensure privacy. However, the conventional centralized system can decrypt the identification information using private information of the sender vehicle. As a result, the central server can often be targeted by adversaries. We propose a message authentication scheme for anonymity and decentralization of information using blockchain technology. Here, we introduce public-private key and message authentication code (MAC) for secure authentication. In this paper, we adopt consensus algorithms for composing blockchain system such as the proof of work (PoW) and Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) into the proposed authentication process. Finally, we demonstrate that the proposed method is secure from the attacks which include impersonation from internal attacker as well as typical attacks.

scholarly journals A More Efficient Conditional Private Preservation Scheme in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2546
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Xiaohu Tang
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Privacy Preservation ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Communication Overhead ◽  
Storage Space ◽  
Anonymous Authentication ◽  
Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Hoc Networks

It is a challenging issue to provide a secure and conditional anonymous authentication scheme in vehicle ad hoc networks (VANETs) with low storage space and computational cost. In 2008, Lu et al. proposed a conditional privacy preservation scheme called efficiency conditional privacy preservation (ECPP) protocol. The ECPP protocol provides conditional privacy preservation to vehicles in VANETs. That is, on one hand vehicles can achieve anonymous authentication in the network, on the other hand, allow to be traced and revoked if necessary. However, ECPP scheme suffers from high computational cost and large storage. In this scheme, an improved protocol based on the concept of ECPP protocol has been proposed to achieve more efficiency conditional privacy preservation (MECPP) scheme in VANETs. Comparing with ECCP, the computational cost of the proposed scheme has been decreased by about 54 % while the communication overhead has been reduced by about 10 % . At the same time, a lot of storage space has been saved.

Lightweight, ECC based RFID Authentication Scheme for WLAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Hari Om
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Authentication Scheme ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Wireless Internet ◽  
Authentication Schemes ◽  
Secure Channels ◽  
In Virtue Of

Wireless local area networks (WLANs), like IEEE 802.11, are right now very common in numerous outdoor or indoor environments for providing wireless communication among WiFi-enabled devices by accessing an Access Point (infrastructure mode) or through peer to peer connections (ad hoc mode). Authentication is one among the most primary research challenges for the realization of the envisioned mobile and wireless Internet. This is mainly due to the latency delay introduced during the authentication process, which are of major concern for real-time applications and media streaming application. In the same way, it is also crucial for WLANs to authenticate clients and build secure channels with them. In the historical researches, the traditional authentication mechanisms frequently adopted the names and passwords of clients as login authentication. However, these Single Factor Authentication mechanisms are proved to be defective. In virtue of enhancing security, recent researches on authentication are built on Two-Factor authentication schemes. In this paper, the authors proposed a two factor, lightweight RFID authentication scheme based on elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) for WLAN. The analytic comparison demonstrates the research not just reduces the expense of proposed authentication schemes, yet gives security similarly as smart card technology. In addition, the performance of the proposed authentication scheme will analyze in terms of computational cost, communications cost, and storage cost.

scholarly journals An improved efficient anonymous authentication with conditional privacy-preserving scheme for VANETs

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257044
Author(s):  
Eko Fajar Cahyadi ◽  
Min-Shiang Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Secure Communication ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Privacy Preserving ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Forgery Attack ◽  
Anonymous Authentication ◽  
Computation Efficiency ◽  
Hoc Networks

The study of security and privacy in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) has become a hot topic that is wide open to discussion. As the quintessence of this aspect, authentication schemes deployed in VANETs play a substantial role in providing secure communication among vehicles and the surrounding infrastructures. Many researchers have proposed a variety of schemes related to information verification and computation efficiency in VANETs. In 2018, Kazemi et al. proposed an evaluation and improvement work towards Azees et al.’s efficient anonymous authentication with conditional privacy-preserving (EAAP) scheme for VANETs. They claimed that the EAAP suffered from replaying attacks, impersonation attacks, modification attacks, and cannot provide unlinkability. However, we also found out if Kazemi et al.’s scheme suffered from the unlinkability issue that leads to a forgery attack. An adversary can link two or more messages sent by the same user by applying Euclid’s algorithm and derives the user’s authentication key. To remedy the issue, in this paper, we proposed an improvement by encrypting the message using a shared secret key between sender and receiver and apply a Nonce in the final message to guarantee the unlinkability between disseminated messages.

IMAGE AUTHENTICATION BASED ON FRACTAL FEATURES

Fractals ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 287-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHIGUO LIAN
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Image Authentication ◽  
Authentication Scheme ◽  
Natural Images ◽  
Original Image ◽  
Image Block ◽  
Authentication Code ◽  
Fractal Coding ◽  
Authentication Schemes ◽  
Common Signal

In this paper, the fractal features of natural images are used to construct an image authentication scheme, which can detect whether an image is maliciously tampered (cutting, wiping, modification, etc.) or not and can even locate the tampered regions. For the original image, the fractal transformation is applied to each of the image blocks, and some of the transformation parameters are quantized and used as the authentication code. The authentication code can be stored or transmitted secretly. To authenticate an image, the new authentication code is computed from the image with the similar method, and then compared with the stored or received code. A metric is proposed to decide whether an image block is tampered or not. Comparative experiments show that the authentication scheme can detect malicious tampering, is robust against such common signal processing as JPEG compression, fractal coding, adding noise or filtering, and thus, obtains competent performances compared with existing image authentication schemes.

scholarly journals An Efficient Anonymous Authentication Scheme for Mobile Pay-TV Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Yuting Li ◽  
Qingfeng Cheng ◽  
Jinzheng Cao
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Authentication Protocol ◽  
Authentication Scheme ◽  
Mobile Users ◽  
Anonymous Authentication ◽  
Authentication Schemes ◽  
Pay Tv ◽  
And Storage

As a component of mobile communication, the pay-TV system has attracted a lot of attention. By using mobile devices, users interact with the head end system in service providers to acquire TV services. With the growth of mobile users, how to protect the privacy of users while improving efficiency of the network has become an issue worthy of attention. Anonymous authentication schemes for mobile pay-TV systems came into being. In this paper, we analyze the shortcomings of the existing authentication protocol and then propose an improved one, which is secure against stored set attack and user traceability attack. The proposed scheme is proved to be secure. Moreover, our new scheme performs better in efficiency and storage, compared with several other schemes.

scholarly journals An Anonymous Authentication Scheme in VANETs of Smart City Based on Certificateless Group Signature

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yuanpan Zheng ◽  
Guangyu Chen ◽  
Liguan Guo
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Authentication Scheme ◽  
Group Signature ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Forward Security ◽  
Anonymous Authentication ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Hoc Networks

With the change of the network communication environment in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) of a smart city, vehicles may encounter security threats such as eavesdropping, positioning, and tracking, so appropriate anonymity protection is required. Based on the certificateless cryptosystem and group signature ideas, this paper proposes a certificateless group signature anonymous authentication scheme for the VANETs of a smart city. In this scheme, it can implement the process of adding, signing, verifying, and revoking group members only by simple multiplication of the elliptic curve and synchronization factor technology, which shortens the length of the signature and improves the efficiency of the signature. From the proofs of correctness and security, we know that it does not only has anonymity and traceability of the group signature scheme but also has unforgeability and forward security. According to the performance verification, this scheme has lower calculation overhead and higher authentication efficiency.

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