scholarly journals The Relationship between Serum Amyloid A Level and Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients with Vascular Dementia: Preliminary Findings

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Min Xu ◽  
Xiao-ying He ◽  
Pan Huang
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Objective. This study was aimed at investigating the relationship between serum amyloid A (SAA) levels and cognitive dysfunction in patients with vascular dementia (VAD). Methods. Using cross-sectional research methods, 146 patients with VAD were selected as the VAD group and 70 normal people were selected as the NC group. Upon admission, the clinical and biochemical characteristics of the two groups of study subjects were collected, and the MMSE scale was used to assess cognitive function. A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect SAA levels. Results. There was no significant difference in clinical data and biochemical characteristics in the VAD group ( p > 0.05 ). Compared with the VAD group, the NC group has a higher level of education ( p < 0.05 ). The SAA level of the VAD group was higher than that of the NC group, and there was a significant difference ( p < 0.05 ). Spearman correlation analysis showed that SAA and MMSE in the VAD group were negatively correlated. Further multiple regression analysis showed that the serum amyloid A level is an independent risk factor for cognitive dysfunction in VAD patients. Conclusion. The level of SAA in VAD patients is significantly increased, which can be used as a potential peripheral blood marker to predict cognitive impairment in VAD patients.

Acute Phase Proteins (Haptoglobin and Serum Amyloid A) and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines (IL-12 and IL-10) in Cows Vaccinated with Prototype Killed S. aureus Mastitis Vaccine and Challenged with S. aureus Mastitis Infection.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idris Umar Hambali ◽  
Faez Firdaus Jesse Bin Abdallah ◽  
Khaleequl rahaman Bhuttu ◽  
Azmi M Lila ◽  
zunita Zakaria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Bacterial Challenge ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Friesian Cows

Abstract Background The economic downturn experienced by farmers and the fear of milk borne infection are of a greater public health concern. Haptoglobin, Serum Amyloid A, IL-12 and IL-10 in lactating Friesian cows vaccinated with prototype killed S. aureus mastitis vaccine and challenged with S. aureus were evaluated. Bacterin concentration at 10 8 cfu /ml of the local isolate of S. aureus was adjuvanted with KAl(SO₄)₂. Six lactating Friesian cows were grouped into A= Negative control, B = Positive control and C = vaccine group. Group C was vaccinated intramuscularly with 2ml of the monovalent vaccine, groups A and B with physiologic normal saline. Groups B and C were later challenged with the live bacterium via intramammary route . Result There was a significant increase in IL-10 concentration in vaccinated group post primary vaccination (PPV), booster phase (PB) and during the bacterial challenge phase. There was also a significantly increased IL-12 concentration in the vaccinated group at 24 hours, weeks 1 and 2 PPV. Haptoglobin at 12 and 24 hours PPV had a significant difference in group C. During the PB at 8 and 12 hours there was a significant difference in group C. During the bacterial challenged phase at 0, 3, 24 hours and day 7 PC there was a significant difference in group B. At 8 hours PC there was a significant difference in group C. For Serum Amyloid A, during PPV at 0, 3, 8, 12, 24 hours and weeks 1 and 2, the concentrations was significantly different in groups C. During PB at 0, 3, 8 and 12 hours PB there was a significant difference in groups C. During the bacterial challenge phase at 3, 8, 12, 24 hours, days 7 and 14 PC there was a significant difference in group B. At 0 hour PC there was a significant increase observed in group C. Conclusion The developed prototype killed S. aureus mastitis vaccine using local isolates was able to stimulate acute phase proteins and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The pattern of responses PC indicated protection, thereby suggesting that vaccination can protect against mastitis infection in dairy cows.

scholarly journals Physiotherapy protocol during initial postoperative period of arthroscopy in horses

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 2201-2206
Author(s):  
Fernanda C. Stievani ◽  
Thais S.L. Machado ◽  
Kaio B. Bezerra ◽  
Marilene M. Silva ◽  
Raquel Y.A. Baccarin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physical Analysis ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Change

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the effects of a physiotherapy protocol applied in joints with osteochondritis dissecans submitted to arthroscopy. Twelve horses totaling twenty joints were used and divided into two uniform groups, according to articular lesion grade. Treated Group (TG) received the physiotherapy protocol (cryotherapy, passive rage motion and controlled exercise) that initiate just after anesthetic recovery and extended for five days. Control Group (CG) remained resting in stall during the same period. Physical examination and synovial fluid analysis were used to evaluate the treatment. The synovial fluid examination consisted of physical analysis (color, aspect, and viscosity), mucin clot evaluation, Serum Amyloid A, Prostaglandin E2 and urea concentration. Synovial samples were collected by arthrocentesis at the beginning of the surgical procedure (D1), 48 hours (D3) and 96 hours (D5) after surgery. Before arthroscopy and daily during the postoperative period joints were evaluated by physical exam: superficial temperature (°C), range of motion (degrees) and circumference (centimeters). The joint physical examination showed no significant difference between groups and neither along the days for the same group. The parameters of synovial fluid showed difference over the moments in each group but didn’t have difference between groups. Color and aspect had the same patterns across moments, in CG fluid had significant change when compared D1 with D3 (color and aspect: p<0.001) and D5 (color: p<0.001; aspect: p<0.05) becoming mostly bloody and cloudy in D3 and D5. However in TG the difference was significant just between D1 and D3 (color and aspect: p<0.05), showing an improvement of synovial fluid in D5 (color and aspect: p>0.05). Viscosity and mucin clot evaluation showed significant change in CG between D1 and D3 (viscosity: p<0.01; mucin clot: p<0.05) and between D1 and D5 (viscosity: p<0.01;mucin clot: p<0.01). In TG no significant difference of viscosity and mucin clot was observed over the moments, showing an early improvement of synovial fluid quality. The Serum Amyloid A concentration showed an extremely significant increase in CG (p<0.001) when compared D1 (1217.13±664.47μg/mL) and D3 (42423.80±52309.31μg/mL). The comparison between D1 and D5 in CG, and across moments in TG, had no statistical difference. The PGE2 eicosanoid remained statistically unchanged all over the time. Urea showed significant increase in D3 when compared to D1 (p<0.001) in CG, and had no variation in TG. The physiotherapy protocol minimized the inflammatory mediators and provided minor alterations in synovial fluid after arthroscopy.

scholarly journals Associations between serum amyloid A, interleukin‐6, and COVID‐19: A cross‐sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Liu ◽  
Yaping Dai ◽  
Meimei Feng ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Wei Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Amyloid A

scholarly journals Can blood serum amyloid A concentrations in horses differentiate synovial sepsis from extrasynovial inflammation and determine response to treatment?

2020 ◽  
Vol 187 (6) ◽  
pp. 235-235
Author(s):  
Matthew Sinovich ◽  
Nicolas F Villarino ◽  
Ellen Singer ◽  
Claire S Robinson ◽  
Luis M Rubio-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Prognostic Indicator ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Serial Blood ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Significant Difference

BackgroundSerum amyloid A (SAA) concentrations in blood and synovial fluid of horses with synovial sepsis have diagnostic value. Studies suggest serial blood SAA measurements could act as a prognostic indicator. This study evaluated the use of serial blood SAA concentrations for monitoring of horses with synovial sepsis.MethodsA prospective clinical trial was performed of horses referred to a single hospital with synovial sepsis that survived (n=17), synovial sepsis that were euthanised (n=5), non-septic intrasynovial pathologies (n=14) or extensive extrasynovial lacerations (n=5). SAA concentrations were determined on admission and every 24 hours thereafter. The area under the concentration–time curve from 0 to 144 hours of each group was compared by Kruskal-Wallis and post hoc Dunn’s tests (P<0.05).ResultsSignificant difference in mean blood concentration of SAA was found between synovial sepsis that survived and non-septic pathologies in the first 48 hours, as well as between non-septic intrasynovial pathologies and non-responsive sepsis requiring euthanasia. No difference was found between extensive extrasynovial lacerations and any septic group.ConclusionsWhile serial blood SAA is useful for monitoring clinical response of intrasynovial septic pathologies, interpretation should consider other clinical findings since blood SAA is not a specific marker for synovial sepsis.

scholarly journals Serum Amyloid A Protein as a Potential Biomarker for Severity and Acute Outcome in Traumatic Brain Injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan Wicker ◽  
Leah Benton ◽  
Kershina George ◽  
William Furlow ◽  
Sonia Villapol
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Protein Detection ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Lesion Volume ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Serum Amyloid A Protein

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes a wide variety of neuroinflammatory events. These neuroinflammatory events depend, to a greater extent, on the severity of the damage. Our previous studies have shown that the liver produces serum amyloid A (SAA) at high levels in the initial hours after controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury in mice. Clinical studies have reported detectable SAA in the plasma of brain injury patients, but it is not clear if SAA levels depend on TBI severity. To evaluate this question, we performed a mild to severe CCI injury in wild-type mice. We collected blood samples and brains at 1, 3, and 7 days after injury for protein detection by western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, or immunohistochemical analysis. Our results showed that severe CCI injury compared to mild CCI injury or sham mice caused an increased neuronal death, larger lesion volume, increased microglia/macrophage density, and augmented neutrophil infiltration. Furthermore, we found that the serum levels of SAA protein ascended in the blood in correlation with high neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative responses. Altogether, these results suggest that serum SAA may be a novel neuroinflammation-based, and severity-dependent, biomarker for acute TBI.

Abstract 388: Impact of Individual Acute Phase Serum Amyloid A Isoforms on HDL Metabolism in Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria C De Beer ◽  
Myung-Hee Kim ◽  
Joanne M Wroblewski ◽  
Richard C Charnigo ◽  
Ailing Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Plasma Clearance ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Acute Phase Reactant ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Clearance Rates ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Significant Difference

The acute phase reactant serum amyloid A (SAA) is an HDL apolipoprotein that exhibits biological activities as a pro-inflammatory mediator, but its physiological function(s) are poorly understood. Possible functional differences between SAA1.1 and SAA2.1, the two major SAA isoforms, are also unclear. Mice deficient in either SAA1.1 or SAA2.1 were used to investigate SAA isoform plasma clearance rates and effects on HDL structure, composition and apolipoprotein catabolism. The absence of either isoform did not affect the size of the normally enlarged HDL found in acute phase wild type mice, and did not result in significant changes in HDL lipid composition. Plasma clearance rates of normal and acute phase HDL apolipoproteins were determined using native HDL particles. The fractional clearance rates (FCR’s) of apoA-I, apoA-II and SAA were distinct, indicating that neither normal nor acute phase particles are cleared as intact particles. No significant difference was found between the FCR’s of SAA1.1 and SAA2.1 in acute phase mice, suggesting that the selective deposition of SAA1.1 observed in amyloid plaques is not associated with a difference in the rates of plasma clearance of the isoforms. In the absence of the HDL receptor SR-BI, the clearance rate of SAA was reduced by about 30% and remained significantly greater compared to that of apoA-I and apoA-II, indicating a relatively minor role of SR-BI in SAA clearance. These studies contribute to our understanding of the metabolism of SAA and its effects on acute phase HDL composition and catabolism.

scholarly journals Serum amyloid A and muscle activity biomarkers in horses submitted to equestrian show jumping

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 668-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson P. Carvalho Filho ◽  
Leandro A. Fonseca ◽  
Fabricia M. Girardi ◽  
Lucas D. Bento ◽  
Pollyanna C. Souto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Aspartate Amino Transferase ◽  
Jumping Exercise ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Show Jumping

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum amyloid A (SAA) and biomarkers of muscle activity of horses submitted to show jumping activity. To do this, the variables SAA, glucose, lactate and the biomarkers creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) were evaluated in 10 horses submitted to the show jumping exercise in a tournament for beginners. The evaluations occurred before exercise (T0), immediately after (T1), 30 minutes (T2), 60 minutes (T3) and 24 hours after the end (T4). Data were evaluated using analysis of variance for repeated measures. The statistical software SAEG 9.1 was used to verify the level of significance between the moments for P<0.05. Glucose presented a difference between the moments T0 (97.7±13.3mg/dL) and T1 (79.7±14.1mg/dL). Lactate presented elevation in T1 (15.3±6.1mmol/L) compared to the others T0 (3.8±0.8mmol/L), T2 (6.5±3.9mmol/L), T3 (5.3±2.2mmol/L) and T4 (5.1±1.6mmol/L). The CK showed a significant difference between T0 (82.8±51.2U/L) and T1 (140.1±58.5U/L) and between T4 (74.4±43.1U/L) with T1 (140.1±58.5U/L). The AST presented no difference between moments. The show jumping activity with one-meter obstacles did not induce changes in the SAA protein between the moments.

scholarly journals FRI0569 SERUM AMYLOID A: ASSESSMENT OF REFERENCE VALUE AND COMPARISON OF SERUM CONCENTRATION IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS AND PATIENTS WITH BEHÇET SYNDROME

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 887.3-887
Author(s):  
T. Carbone ◽  
M. C. Padula ◽  
V. Pafundi ◽  
C. Schievano ◽  
N. Lascaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Laboratory Medicine ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Behçet Syndrome ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Behcet Syndrome

Background:Serum amyloid A (SAA) is a family of acute-phase reactants. The rise of SAA concentration in blood circulation is a clinical marker of active inflammation in several auto-inflammatory diseases, including Behçet syndrome (BS). Despite its practical and analytical advantages, SAA measurement by ELISA has been mainly used as a research tool rather than for the routine laboratory testing due to the lack of a robust reference data in the literature.Objectives:Using the recommended procedures of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC), we aimed to develop the SAA reference interval for a well-defined Italian healthy population (HC). Secondly, we compared the SAA serum concentration between HC and patients with BS.Methods:Sera specimens were collected from adult healthy blood donors after rule out the exclusion criteria (inflammatory disorders, ongoing infections, pregnancy and breastfeeding, obesity, using oral contraceptives, use of any medication, or consumed of alcohol), and from unselected BS patients fulfilling the International Study Group (ISG) classification criteria. Serum SAA concentrations were detected and quantified with a commercial solid phase sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Human SAA ELISA kit, IBL International GmbH, Hamburg, Germany) used on automated analyzer (Immunomat, SERION Diagnostic, Alifax, Polverara (PD), Italy) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Statistical analysis and data normalization of HC SAA values were carried out to determine the reference cut off. In the second step of the study, HC and BS patients were stratified in two groups according to the cut-off value.Results:We recruited 141 HC (84 M and 57 F; mean age, 44.5±13.2 years) and 63 BS patients (39 M and 24 F mean age, 45.3±13.2 years) assayed for SAA. The reference cut-off was calculated as 225 ng/ml. No statistically significant differences were found between males and females when SAA means were compared, suggesting that not gender-partitioned reference range is recommended for this analyte. After the stratification according to the cut-off value (group 1: < 225 ng/ml and group 2: > 225 ng/ml), we found 53/63 (84.1%) BS patients and 133/141 (94.3%) HC with concentration less than cut-off value, respectively. We identified 10/63 (15.9%) BS patients and 8/141 (5.7%) HC within the second group. The difference was statistically significant (p=0.0177; OR: 3.14, 95% CI: 1.17-3.38).Conclusion:This study allowed to define a widely accepted reference cut-off for the SAA detected by ELISA, responding to an unmet need of laboratory medicine. We found a statistically significant higher frequency of BS patients compared with HC when SAA values is higher than cut-off (225 ng/ml). This preliminary data could add significant information for better clarify the role of SAA as biomarker of inflammation and in guidance of clinical practice. Further studies will be required to stratify SAA values in relation to disease activity of BS.Disclosure of Interests:Teresa Carbone: None declared, Maria Carmela Padula: None declared, Vito Pafundi: None declared, Carlo Schievano: None declared, Nancy Lascaro: None declared, Angela Padula: None declared, Pietro Leccese: None declared, Salvatore D’Angelo Consultant of: AbbVie, Biogen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, MSD, Novartis, and UCB, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, and Sanofi

scholarly journals Composite Bacterial Infection Index and Serum Amyloid A Protein in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients and their Household Contacts in Makassar

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 557-562
Author(s):  
Irda Handayani ◽  
Muhammad Nasrum Massi ◽  
Yanti Leman ◽  
Rosdiana Natzir ◽  
Ilhamjaya Patellongi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Household Contact ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Infection Index ◽  
Hs Crp

BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) cases in limited resource remains challenging. It is urgent to identify the new diagnostic tools which can control the spread of disease with accurate and rapid test. AIM: This study aimed to investigate the levels of infection markers: Composite bacterial infection index (CBII) and serum amyloid A (SAA) protein in pulmonary TB (PTB), and their healthy household contacts, as the alternative diagnostic markers for TB. METHODS: CBII and SAA were measured from 44 new PTB patients, and 31 household contact serum samples. The value of CBII was calculated from neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level. hs-CRP and SAA levels were quantified from their serum samples using ELISA. QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (interferon gamma release assay [IGRA]) was used to screen latent TB infection among household contacts. RESULTS: Among 31 household contacts, there were 24 positive IGRA results and the rest (n = 7) had negative results. PTB patients exhibited significantly higher level CBII in the serum specimens, than those in household contact (p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in the SAA level between TB cases and household contacts (p = 0.679). CONCLUSIONS: CBII can be used as one of the biomarkers for the identification of PTB from the serum specimens.

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