scholarly journals Shaking Table Study on the Seismic Performance of Geogrid Reinforced Soil Retaining Walls

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Xiaoguang Cai ◽  
Sihan Li ◽  
Honglu Xu ◽  
Liping Jing ◽  
Xin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Failure Surface ◽  
Reinforced Soil ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Seismic Load ◽  
Peak Displacement ◽  
Acceleration Amplification ◽  
Reinforcement Strain

This study presents experimental results from shaking table tests on a reduced-scale geogrid reinforced soil retaining wall (RSRW) to investigate the seismic response of the fundamental frequency, acceleration amplification, face displacement, backfill surface settlement, and reinforcement strain under different peak accelerations and durations. The fundamental frequency is in good agreement with the predicted values. The root mean square (RMS) acceleration amplification factors increase nonlinearly with the wall height and decrease with increasing seismic load, which is not regarded as a constant value. The distributions of the peak displacement are consistent with those of the residual displacement. The combination of the sliding and rotation is observed as the predominant mode of displacement, and the rotation mode is dominant. The positions near the face (35 cm) and the ends of the reinforcement (140 cm) demonstrated larger settlement than that of the central position (70 cm and 105 cm). The reinforcement strain increased with increasing peak acceleration and maximum values measured at the central layers. The trends of the potential failure surface are similar to those of the 0.3H bilinear failure surface. The friction coefficient is nonlinearly distributed along with the reinforcements, and the maximum friction coefficient appears at the top layer (F11).

scholarly journals Seismic Behavior of Flexible Geogrid Wrap-Reinforced Soil Slope

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Liang Huang ◽  
Weili He ◽  
Yujie Hou ◽  
Dun Liu ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Failure Surface ◽  
Reinforced Soil ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Seismic Load ◽  
Soil Slope ◽  
Upper Bound Theorem ◽  
Distribution Law ◽  
Soil Slopes ◽  
Earthquake Action ◽  
The Stability

In this study, the failure mode of flexible reinforced soil slopes under earthquake action was investigated by shaking table tests. The distribution law of a potential failure surface of a flexible no-faceplate reinforced soil slope under earthquake action was obtained based on the analysis results. A simplified trilinear failure surface suitable for flexible reinforced soil slopes without faceplate was proposed. Subsequently, based on the upper-bound theorem of limit analysis, we derived the formula for calculating the yield seismic acceleration coefficient of a flexible no-faceplate reinforced soil slope under a seismic load. The main parameters that affect its seismic performance were determined. The flexible geogrid reverse-packed reinforced earth structure can effectively limit the fracture of a slope body and improve the stability of the slope. This provides a theoretical basis for facilitating the engineering of flexible reinforced soil slopes.

scholarly journals Reinforcement Strain and Potential Failure Surface of Geogrid Reinforced Soil-Retaining Wall under Horizontal Seismic Loading

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Sihan Li ◽  
Xiaoguang Cai ◽  
Liping Jing ◽  
Honglu Xu ◽  
Xin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calculation Method ◽  
Tensile Strain ◽  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Failure Surface ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Reinforced Soil ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Shaking Table Tests ◽  
Potential Failure

This paper presents experimental results from shaking table tests on two reduced-scale geogrid reinforced soil-retaining walls (RSRWs) constructed using standard soil, modular facing blocks, and uniaxial geogrid reinforcement to investigate the distribution of the geogrid strain and the mode of potential failure surface for dynamic loading conditions. Similitude relationships for shaking table tests in a 1 g gravitational field were used to scale the specimen geometry, applied characteristics of the earthquake motions. The lateral displacement of the top model is sufficiently large for the top-model block to fall down, and the RSRW is thus destroyed. The tensile strain at the lower part is greater than that at the upper part of the RSRW. The tensile strain in different layers for two-tiered RSRW is consistent with single-step RSRW. On comparing the measured maximum tensile strain lines of the geogrid with the result of the existing calculation method of the potential failure surface, it can be observed that the existing partial calculation method is conservative. Based on the calculation methods of various potential failure surfaces and the measured data, the use of a two-tiered fold-line failure surface is proposed for the two-tiered RSRW while taking into consideration the width of the platform. And it is advised that the failure surface calculation method of BS8006 be used as the calculation method for the potential failure surface of the single-step RSRW under dynamic motion.

scholarly journals Seismic Responses of GRS Walls with Secondary Reinforcements Subjected to Earthquake Loading

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 7084
Author(s):  
Chih-Hsuan Liu ◽  
Ching Hung
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Numerical Procedure ◽  
Secondary Reinforcement ◽  
Reinforced Soil ◽  
Primary Reinforcement ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Seismic Responses ◽  
Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil ◽  
Acceleration Amplification ◽  
Vertical Spacing

Secondary reinforcement has been proven to be effective in increasing the performance of geosynthetic-reinforced soil (GRS) walls under working stress conditions, enabling an eco-friendlier environment. However, the seismic responses of GRS walls with secondary reinforcements are still unclear. In this study, in-depth finite element analyses were used to investigate the seismic responses of GRS walls with secondary reinforcement subjected to earthquake motions. The numerical procedure was first validated using measurements obtained from both a field GRS wall with secondary reinforcement and benchmark large-scale shaking table tests. Then, the validated GRS walls procedure was utilized to explore the effects of secondary reinforcement length and stiffness, the vertical spacing of the primary reinforcement, and wall height on the seismic responses. Based on the study, the following findings can be drawn: (i) the secondary reinforcement length and stiffness under various wall heights and peak ground accelerations (PGAs) have a limited influence on the relative lateral facing displacement and acceleration amplification, however, they can significantly decrease the connection load and the maximum reinforcement load; (ii) increasing the length of the secondary reinforcement is more effective for reducing the connection load and the maximum reinforcement load than increasing the stiffness of the secondary reinforcement; (iii) the effect of secondary reinforcement is more evident for greater wall height, the larger vertical spacing of primary reinforcement, and smaller PGA; and (iv) GRS walls with secondary reinforcement could ease the acceleration amplification. The study has highlighted the salient effect of secondary reinforcement on GRS wall performance under seismic conditions.

scholarly journals Study of Seismic Performance of Chinese-Style Single-Layer Suspended Ceiling System by Shaking Table Tests

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Huanjun Jiang ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Liusheng He
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Condition ◽  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Shaking Table Tests ◽  
Peak Displacement ◽  
Free Condition ◽  
Acceleration Amplification ◽  
Collapse Resistance ◽  
Recent Earthquakes

During some recent earthquakes, the suspended ceiling system (SCS) in buildings suffered severe damage. The seismic performance of SCS attracted more attention from researchers. In this study, full-scale shaking table tests on two Chinese-style single-layer SCSs with different boundary conditions are conducted. The seismic damage and earthquake responses, including acceleration, displacement, and strain responses, are compared. The effect of the boundary condition on the seismic performance of the SCS is studied. It is found that the seismic performance of the SCS is significantly affected by the boundary condition. Compared with the SCS with the free condition at the boundary, the damage to the SCS installed with seismic clips at the boundary is much slighter. Compared with the SCS with the free condition, the median of acceleration amplification factor (AAF), the peak displacement (PD), and maximum strain of the SCS installed with seismic clips are reduced by up to 63%, 99%, and 84%, respectively. At the end of the tests, the SCS with the free condition at the boundary completely collapsed with 68% of the panels falling, while only 15% of panels fell in the SCS installed with seismic clips. The seismic clips could avoid the falling of the grids from the peripheral support and ensure the integrity of the SCS. With the help of seismic clips installed at the boundary, the responses of the ceiling, such as acceleration, displacement, and strain, decrease significantly, and thereof, the collapse resistance capacity is improved.

Seismic responses of the steel-strip reinforced soil retaining wall with full-height rigid facing from shaking table test

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1137-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-cong Cao ◽  
Xiao Fu ◽  
Zhi-jia Wang ◽  
Yong-yi Zhou ◽  
Fei-cheng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shaking Table Test ◽  
Steel Strip ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Reinforced Soil ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Seismic Responses ◽  
Full Height

scholarly journals Effect of Acceleration on Wrap Faced Reinforced Soil Retaining Wall on Soft Clay by Performing Shaking Table Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 24-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ripon Hore ◽  
Sudipta Chakraborty ◽  
Ayaz Mahmud Shuvon ◽  
Mehedi Ahmed Ansary
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Soft Clay ◽  
Reinforced Soil ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Fixed Frequency ◽  
Shaking Table Testing ◽  
Sinusoidal Input

This research incorporates shaking table testing of scale wrap faced soil wall models to evaluate the seismic response of embankment. Currently the seismic designs of highway or railway embankment rely on little or no empirical data for calibrating numerical simulations. This research is working towards filling that empirical data gap. The specific purpose of the study was to evaluate the seismic response of constructed embankment model regarding the different input base accelerations with fixed frequency. A series of one-dimensional (1D) shaking table tests (0.05g, 0.1g, 0.15g and 0.2g), were performed on a 0.4 meters high wrap faced reinforced-soil wall model. Additionally, it was placed over 0.3 meters high soft clayey foundation. Predominantly, the influence of the base acceleration on the seismic response was studied in this paper. The physical models were subjected to harmonic sinusoidal input motions at a fixed frequency of 1 Hz, in order to assess the seismic behavior. The effects of parameters such as acceleration amplitudes and surcharge pressures on the seismic response of the model walls were considered. The relative density of the backfill material was kept fixed at 60%. The results of this study reveal that input accelerations and surcharge load had significant influence on the model wall, pore water pressure, and changes along the elevation. Acceleration response advances with the increase in base acceleration, so the difference being more perceptible at higher elevations. The pore water pressures were found to be high for high base shaking and low surcharge pressures at higher elevations. The results obtained from this study are helpful in understanding the relative performance of reinforced soil retaining wall under different test conditions resting on soft clay.

Dynamic Response of Reinforced Soil Retaining Wall Resting on Soft Clay

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ripon Hore ◽  
Sudipta Chakraborty ◽  
Ayaz Mahmud Shuvon ◽  
Md. Fayjul Bari ◽  
Mehedi A. Ansary
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Soft Clay ◽  
Reinforced Soil
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