scholarly journals Maternal Prepregnancy Weight and Pregnancy Outcomes in Saudi Women: Subgroup Analysis from Riyadh Mother and Baby Cohort Study (RAHMA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Hayfaa Wahabi ◽  
Samia Esmaeil ◽  
Amel Fayed
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Saudi Women ◽  
Prepregnancy Weight ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of prepregnancy overweight/obesity and underweight among Saudi mothers and to determine the adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with them. Methods. This is a subgroup analysis from a Riyadh mother and baby cohort study. Participants were divided into four groups according to prepregnancy BMI. Participants with normal BMI were the reference group. Groups were compared in relation to pregnancy-related obstetric, as well as fetal and neonatal complications. A regression model was used to control for covariates, and adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI) were calculated. Results. A total of 7,029 women were included, 29.7% had normal BMI, 33.3% were overweight, 34.8% were obese, and 2.2% were underweight. Obesity was associated with increased odds of gestational diabetes (AOR 2.07, 95% CI 1.73-2.47), hypertensive events in pregnancy (AOR 2.33, 95% CI 1.19-3.91), induction of labour (IOL) (AOR 1.40, 95% CI, 1.19-1.65), failed IOL (AOR 2.13, 95% CI 1.40-3.25), and delivery by emergency caesarean section (CS) (AOR 1.67, 95% CI 1.39-2.01). Infants of obese women had increased odds of macrosomia (AOR 3.73, 95% CI 2.33-5.98). Overweight women had increased odds of CS delivery (AOR 1.25, 95% CI 1.03-1.5) and failed IOL (AOR 1.69, 95% CI 1.09-2.60). Underweight women had increased odds of delivering a low birth weight (LBW) infant (AOR 2.49, 95% CI, 1.58-3.92). Conclusion. The prevalence of prepregnancy overweight and obesity is very high in Saudi Arabia. Prepregnancy obesity is associated with GDM and hypertensive events inpregnancy, IOL, failed IOL, and CS delivery. Infants of obese mothers were at higher risk of macrosomia, while underweight women were at increased risk of delivering LBW infants.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Complications of Pregestational and Gestational Diabetes in Saudi Women: Analysis from Riyadh Mother and Baby Cohort Study (RAHMA)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayfaa Wahabi ◽  
Amel Fayed ◽  
Samia Esmaeil ◽  
Heba Mamdouh ◽  
Reham Kotb
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Saudi Women ◽  
Total Cohort ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

The objectives of this study were to estimate the burden of diabetes and to explore the adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with pregestational diabetes mellitus (pre-GDM) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among the Saudi pregnant population. In this subcohort, we compared the maternal and the neonatal outcomes of diabetic women with pre-GDM and GDM to the outcomes of nondiabetic mothers who delivered during the same period. From the total cohort, 9723 women participated in this study. Of the participants, 24.2% had GDM, 4.3% had pre-GDM, and 6951 were nondiabetic. After adjustment for confounders, women with GDM had increased odds of delivering a macrosomic baby (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.2–2.1). Women with pre-GDM were more likely to deliver by Cesarean section (OR: 1.65; CI: 1.32–2.07) and to have preterm delivery < 37 weeks (OR: 2.1; CI: 1.5–2.8). Neonates of mothers with pre-GDM were at increased risk of being stillbirth (OR: 3.66; CI: 1.98–6.72), at increased risk of admission to NICU (OR: 2.21; CI: 1.5–3.27), and at increased risk for being macrosomic (OR: 2.40; CI: 1.50–3.8). The prevalence of GDM and pre-GDM in the Saudi pregnant population is among the highest in the world. The conditions are associated with high maternal and neonatal morbidities and mortalities.

scholarly journals Association of maternal pre-pregnancy low or increased body mass index with adverse pregnancy outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Tang ◽  
Xinhong Zhu ◽  
Yanbing Chen ◽  
Dongming Huang ◽  
Henning Tiemeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Caesarean Delivery ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Birth Injury ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

AbstractThis study investigated the association between pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and adverse pregnancy outcomes among women participated in the National Free Preconception Health Examination Project in Guangdong Province, China, and explored these associations according to maternal age. Pre-pregnancy BMI was classified into underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2), healthy weight (18.5–23.9 kg/m2), overweight (24.0–27.9 kg/m2), and obesity (≥ 28.0 kg/m2) according to Chinese criteria. Outcomes were preterm birth (PTB, delivery before 37 weeks of gestation), large for gestational age (LGA, birthweight above the 90th percentile for gestational age by infants’ sex), small for gestational age (SGA, birthweight below the 10th percentile for gestational age by infants’ sex), primary caesarean delivery, shoulder dystocia or birth injury, and stillbirth. Adjusted incidence risk ratios (aIRR) were calculated for underweight, overweight and obesity, respectively. Compared with healthy weight, underweight was associated with increased risk of PTB (aIRR 1.06, 95%CI 1.04–1.09) and SGA (1.23, 1.22–1.26) but inversely associated with LGA (0.83, 0.82–0.85), primary caesarean delivery (0.88, 0.87–0.90) and stillbirth (0.73, 0.53–0.99). Overweight was associated with increased risk of LGA (1.17, 1.14–1.19), primary caesarean delivery (1.18, 1.16–1.20) and stillbirth (1.44, 1.03–2.06), but inversely associated with SGA (0.92, 0.90–0.95) and shoulder dystocia or birth injury (0.86, 0.79–0.93). Obesity was associated with increased risk of PTB (1.12, 1.05–1.20), LGA (1.32, 1.27–1.37), primary caesarean delivery (1.45, 1.40–1.50), but inversely associated with SGA (0.92, 0.87–0.97). The aIRRs for underweight, overweight and obesity in relation to these adverse pregnancy outcomes ranged from 0.65 to 1.52 according to maternal age. In Chinese population, maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was significantly associated with the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes and the risk differs according to maternal age. Further investigation is warranted to determine whether and how counselling and interventions for women with low or increased BMI before pregnancy can reduce the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

scholarly journals Demographic profile and pregnancy outcomes of adolescents and older mothers in Saudi Arabia: analysis from Riyadh Mother (RAHMA) and Baby cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e016501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amel A Fayed ◽  
Hayfaa Wahabi ◽  
Heba Mamdouh ◽  
Reham Kotb ◽  
Samia Esmaeil
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Older Mothers ◽  
Increased Risk

ObjectivesTo investigate the impact of maternal age on pregnancy outcomes with special emphasis on adolescents and older mothers and to investigate the differences in demographic profile between adolescents and older mothers.MethodsThis study is a secondary analysis of pregnancy outcomes of women in Riyadh Mother and Baby cohort study according to maternal age. The study population was grouped according to maternal age into five subgroups; <20, 20–29, 30–34, 35–39 and 40+years. The age group 20–29 years was considered as a reference group. Investigation of maternal age impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes was conducted with adjustment of confounders using regression models.ResultsAll mothers were married when conceived with the index pregnancy. Young mothers were less likely to be illiterate, more likely to achieve higher education and be employed compared with mothers ≥ 40 years. Compared with the reference group, adolescents were more likely to have vaginal delivery (and least likely to deliver by caesarean section (CS); OR=0.6, 95% CI 0.4 to 0.9, while women ≥40 years, were more likely to deliver by CS; OR 2.9, 95% CI 2.3 to 3.7. Maternal age was a risk factor for gestational diabetes in women ≥40 years; OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.3 to 2.1. Adolescents had increased risk of preterm delivery; OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.1 and women ≥40 years had similar risk; OR, 1.3, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.6.ConclusionAdverse pregnancy outcomes show a continuum with the advancement of maternal age. Adolescents mother are more likely to have vaginal delivery; however, they are at increased risk of preterm delivery. Advanced maternal age is associated with increased risk of preterm delivery, gestational diabetes and CS.

scholarly journals Association between maternal pregestational glucose level and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a population-based retrospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e048530
Author(s):  
Mengyao Zeng ◽  
Yang He ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Liu Yang ◽  
Qianxi Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between maternal pregestational blood glucose level and adverse pregnancy outcomes.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingThis study was conducted in the Chongqing Municipality of China between April 2010 and December 2016.ParticipantsA total of 60 222 women (60 360 pregnancies) from all 39 counties of Chongqing who participated in the National Free Preconception Health Examination Project and had pregnancy outcomes were included.Primary outcome measuresAdverse pregnancy outcomes included spontaneous abortion, induced abortion or labour due to medical reasons, stillbirth, preterm birth (PTB), macrosomia, large for gestational age, low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age.ResultsOf the 60 360 pregnancies, rates of hypoglycaemic, normoglycaemia, impaired fasting glycaemia (IFG) and diabetic hyperglycaemic before conception were 5.06%, 89.30%, 4.59% and 1.05%, respectively. Compared with women with normoglycaemia, women with pregestational glucose at the diabetic level (≥7.0 mmol/L) might have a higher rate of macrosomia (6.18% vs 4.16%), whereas pregestational IFG seemed to be associated with reduced risks of many adverse outcomes, including spontaneous abortion, induced abortion due to medical reasons, PTB and LBW. After adjusting for potential confounders, pregestational diabetic hyperglycaemic was remained to be significantly associated with an increased risk of macrosomia (adjusted risk ratio 1.49, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.09). Abnormal maternal glucose levels before pregnancy (either hypoglycaemic or hyperglycaemic) seemed to have no significant negative effect on spontaneous abortion or induced abortion due to medical reasons.ConclusionAlthough without overt diabetes mellitus, women with once diabetic fasting glucose level during their preconception examinations could be associated with an increased risk for macrosomia. Uniform guidelines are needed for maternal blood glucose management during pre-pregnancy care to improve pregnancy outcomes.

scholarly journals Associations of early pregnancy BMI with adverse pregnancy outcomes and infant neurocognitive development

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Ting Chen ◽  
Ting Zhang ◽  
Chang Chen ◽  
Yin-Yin Xia ◽  
Ting-Li Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Neurocognitive Development ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

AbstractThe prevalence of overweight and obesity amongst reproductive women has been increasing worldwide. Our aim was to compare pregnancy outcomes and infant neurocognitive development by different BMI classifications and investigate whether early pregnancy BMI was associated with risks of adverse outcomes in a Southwest Chinese population. We analysed data from 1273 women enrolled in the Complex Lipids in Mothers and Babies (CLIMB) randomized controlled trial in Chongqing, China. Maternal BMI was classified as underweight, normal weight and overweight/obese according to the Chinese, WHO Asian, and WHO European standards. For the adverse pregnancy outcomes, after adjustment for potential confounders, an underweight BMI was associated with increased risk of small for gestational age (SGA) babies, and an overweight/obese BMI was associated with increased risk of maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), caesarean section (C-section), macrosomia and large for gestational age (LGA) babies. For infant neurocognitive development, 1017 mothers and their children participated; no significant differences were seen in the Mental Development Index (MDI) or the Psychomotor Development Index (PDI) between the three BMI groups. Our findings demonstrate that abnormal early pregnancy BMI were associated with increased risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes in Chinese women, while early pregnancy BMI had no significant influence on the infant neurocognitive development at 12 months of age.

The Need for Personalized Risk-Stratified Approaches to Treatment for Gestational Diabetes: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamil D. Cooray ◽  
Jacqueline A. Boyle ◽  
Georgia Soldatos ◽  
Shakila Thangaratinam ◽  
Helena J. Teede
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Clinical Prediction Model ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Personalized Risk

AbstractGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is common and is associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the prevailing one-size-fits-all approach that treats all women with GDM as having equivalent risk needs revision, given the clinical heterogeneity of GDM, the limitations of a population-based approach to risk, and the need to move beyond a glucocentric focus to address other intersecting risk factors. To address these challenges, we propose using a clinical prediction model for adverse pregnancy outcomes to guide risk-stratified approaches to treatment tailored to the individual needs of women with GDM. This will allow preventative and therapeutic interventions to be delivered to those who will maximally benefit, sparing expense, and harm for those at a lower risk.

scholarly journals Advanced maternal age and adverse pregnancy outcomes: A cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
M. Guarga Montori ◽  
A. Álvarez Martínez ◽  
C. Luna Álvarez ◽  
N. Abadía Cuchí ◽  
P. Mateo Alcalá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Advanced Maternal Age ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy
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