scholarly journals Jatropha Oil as a Substituent for Palm Oil in Biobased Polyurethane

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Mohamad Ridzuan Amri ◽  
Syeed Saifulazry Osman Al-Edrus ◽  
Chuah Teong Guan ◽  
Faizah Md Yasin ◽  
Lee Seng Hua
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Jatropha Oil ◽  
Crude Oil Price ◽  
Petroleum Crude ◽  
Main Compound ◽  
Technology Innovations ◽  
Biobased Polyurethane

Polyurethanes (PUs) are unique polymers that can be tailored to suit certain applications and are increasingly used in many industrial fields. Petrochemicals are still used as the main compound to synthesize PUs. Today, environmental concerns arise in the research and technology innovations in developing PUs, especially from vegetable polyols which are having an upsurge. These are driven by the uncertainty and fluctuations of petroleum crude oil price and availability. Jatropha has become a promising substituent to palm oil so as to reduce the competition of food and nonfood in utilizing this natural resource. Apart from that, jatropha will solve the problem related to the European banning of palm oil. Herein, we review the literature on the synthesis of PUs using different vegetable oils and compare it with jatropha oil and its nanocomposites reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals. Given the potential of vegetable oil PUs in many industrial applications, we expect that they will increase commercial interest and scientific research to bring these materials to the market soon.

scholarly journals Spatial Price Transmission and Price Dynamics of Global Butter Export Market under Economic Shocks

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huidan Xue ◽  
Chenguang Li ◽  
Liming Wang ◽  
Wen-Hao Su
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Export Price ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Crude Oil Price ◽  
Price Fluctuations ◽  
Export Prices ◽  
The U.S

Recently, the world has experienced striking economic and policy changes, and subsequent uncertainties have impacts on dairy trade price fluctuations. The Global Vector Autoregressive (GVAR) methodology was established in this paper to better understand international butter export prices transmission, the feedback between the economic context changes and price fluctuations, and the link between the global butter market, energy market, and other commodity markets. We assessed which key factors are typically associated with butter export price movements with regards to shocks to crude oil price, palm oil price, farm-gate raw milk price, exchange rates, and consumer price index (CPI) for food of the EU, New Zealand, the U.S., and the rest of world (RoW), respectively. Using generalized impulse response functions, this study found that decreases in farm-gate raw milk price could be swiftly transmitted to butter export prices of not only a home country but other foreign countries. However, palm oil price and crude oil price merely affects global butter export prices. We also found that U.S. dollar depreciations against the Euro will cause a decline in U.S. butter export price. It is concluded that butter export markets are not well-integrated, yet butter export prices of New Zealand and the U.S. are highly linked.

Impact of crude oil price on the socio-political environment of global countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 110-122
Author(s):  
Johnson Clement Madathil ◽  
Velmurugan P. S
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Crude Oil Price ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Political Impact ◽  
New Energy

Crude oil is known to have an impact on people’s life of both producers and consumers of crude oil countries. A producer country’s socio-political impact will be different from a consumer country’s socio-political impact. This paper aims to show that crude oil price has a socio-political impact on global countries through descriptive analysis. The study found that there were similarities in the movement of crude oil price and change in GDP of both India and United States and further Russia and Venezuela have had crude oil impact on their respective GDP’s, which has made them take policy reforms. The paper identifies changes in the policy framework due to influence of crude oil price and eventual changes in existing socio-political environment. Taking oil producing countries such as Russia and Venezuela as examples, this paper suggests that policy reforms are the key to having a stable socio-political environment. Russia shows us that having a flexible monetary policy can keep the budget dependence on crude oil reduced in the short term. On the other hand, for oil consuming countries, having a stable supply and moving to new energy sources is the key to tackle the influence of crude oil price on the socio-political environment of global countries.

Crude Oil Price Dynamics With Crash Risk Under Fundamental Shocks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cho-Hoi Hui ◽  
Chi-Fai Lo ◽  
Chi-Hin Cheung ◽  
Andrew Wong
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Crash Risk ◽  
Price Dynamics ◽  
Crude Oil Price

scholarly journals Examining the Forecasting Movement of Palm Oil Price Using RBFNN-2SATRA Metaheuristic Algorithms for Logic Mining

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 22542-22557
Author(s):  
Shehab Abdulhabib Saeed Alzaeemi ◽  
Saratha Sathasivam
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Metaheuristic Algorithms
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