scholarly journals Efficiency of Stem Cell (SC) Differentiation into Insulin-Producing Cells for Treating Diabetes: a Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Marzieh Nemati ◽  
GolamHossein Ranjbar Omrani ◽  
Bahareh Ebrahimi ◽  
Aliakbar Alizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Secreting Cell ◽  
Insulin Producing Cells ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cell Stem Cell

Over the recent years, the use of stem cells has provided a new opportunity to treat various disorders including diabetes. Stem cells are unspecialized cells with a capacity for self-renewal and differentiation into more specialized cell types. Many factors contribute to the differentiation of SCs and thus play an important role in regulating the fate of stem cells. Accordingly, a wide range of protocols has been used to differentiate SCs to insulin-producing cells but the effectiveness of SC differentiation varies. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the results obtained from different studies on SC differentiation for higher efficacy to treat diabetes. This search was done in PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), and Scopus using keywords “insulin-producing cell (IPC),” “pancreatic B cell,” “insulin-secreting cell,” “stem cell,” “progenitor cells,” “mother cell,” and “colony-forming unit.” Among more than 3646 papers, 32 studies were considered eligible for more evaluations. The obtained results indicated that most of the studies were performed on the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from different tissues as compared with other types of SCs. Different evaluations of in vitro studies as well as animal models supported their role in the recovery of diabetes. In the present review, we summarize and discuss recent advances in increasing the efficiency of SC differentiation using different materials, but despite the promising results of this systematic review, further studies are needed to assess the efficiency and safety of transplantation of these cells in diabetes recovery.

scholarly journals The impact of cryopreservation on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soukaina Bahsoun ◽  
Karen Coopman ◽  
Elizabeth C. Akam
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Surface Marker Expression ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Impact

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent an invaluable asset for the field of cell therapy. Human Bone marrow-derived MSCs (hBM-MSCs) are one of the most commonly used cell types in clinical trials. They are currently being studied and tested for the treatment of a wide range of diseases and conditions. The future availability of MSCs therapies to the public will require a robust and reliable delivery process. Cryopreservation represents the gold standard in cell storage and transportation, but its effect on BM-MSCs is still not well established. A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the impact of cryopreservation on BM-MSCs and to attempt to uncover the reasons behind some of the controversial results reported in the literature. Forty-one in vitro studies were analysed, and their results organised according to the cell attributes they assess. It was concluded that cryopreservation does not affect BM-MSCs morphology, surface marker expression, differentiation or proliferation potential. However, mixed results exist regarding the effect on colony forming ability and the effects on viability, attachment and migration, genomic stability and paracrine function are undefined mainly due to the huge variabilities governing the cryopreservation process as a whole and to the lack of standardised assays.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Chondrogenesis in Hypoxic Precondition Culture: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (F) ◽  
pp. 492-504
Author(s):  
Sholahuddin Rhatomy ◽  
Riky Setyawan ◽  
Michael Aaron Romulo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Oxygen Level ◽  
Hypoxic Precondition ◽  
Online Library

BACKGROUND: Cartilage tear has begun to be treated with stem cells. However, stem cell oxygen level culture has not been evaluated for the best environment to enhance chondrogenesis. AIM: The purpose of this review is to focus on the hypoxic oxygen level of stem cells culture as a treatment for cartilage tear. METHODS: A literature search was systemically conducted on PubMed (MEDLINE), OVID, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, Google Scholar, and bibliography of selected articles with the terms (“culture”) AND (“stem cell” OR “mesenchymal stem cell” OR “MSC”) AND (“hypoxic” OR “hypoxia”) AND (“cartilage” OR “chondro*”) as the main keywords. A total of 438 articles were reviewed. Thirty-six articles were considered relevant for this systematic review. RESULTS: The result of this review supports stimulation effects of hypoxic oxygen level stem cell culture in chondrogenesis process. Most studies used 5% oxygen concentration for culture, both of in vivo and in vitro studies. Due to the heterogeneity nature of the included studies, meta-analysis was unable to be conducted. CONCLUSION: Hypoxia state seems to play an important role in chondrocytes proliferation, differentiation, and matrix production.

022. Isolation of stem cells from embryos and adult bovine tissues

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
P. J. Verma ◽  
K. Upton ◽  
H. Mc Connell ◽  
I. Vassiliev
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Es Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Cell Therapies

The isolation of stem cells has become an area of increasing interest due to their potential uses in animal reproduction, somatic cell nuclear transfer and cell therapies. The most attractive options are the isolation of stem cells from individual embryos or adult somatic tissues. In addition, for cell therapy, the use of autologous stem cells is considered to have an advantage over heterologous cell based therapies in that immune rejection issues would be circumvented. Here we report on our attempts to isolate stem cells from both these sources in a bovine model. Bovine ES-like (bES) cells were successfully isolated from embryos and maintained in vitro for up to six passages. These cells retained the morphology characteristic of bES cells: small cytoplasmic/nuclear ratio, nuclei with multiple nucleoli, and multiple lipid inclusions in cytoplasm. bES cell colonies grew as monolayers, as islands of ES cells surrounded by trophectoderm (TE) cells. Immunohistochemical detection of SSEA-1 and SSEA-4 demonstrated expression of these markers in bES cells but not in TE cells. Further, the expression of the pluripotent markers Oct-4, Rex-1 and SSEA-1 by RT-PCR was also detected in bES cells but not in TE cells. On spontaneous differentiation, these cells were able to form a variety of cell types including beating muscle with the cells displaying a propensity to differentiate in a manner reminiscent of human ES cells. (2) We also report the isolation of putative stem cells from adult bovine skin biopsies, which express the stem cell markers Oct-4 and SSEA-1 analysed by RT-PCR and are capable of forming 3-dimensional colonies. These cells are obtained from a skin biopsy, a relatively non-invasive technique that makes them useful as donors for therapeutic applications. In summary, we have identified populations of stem cells from embryonic and adult bovine tissues, which are readily isolated. Further characterization of the differentiation potential of these cells is needed to identify the suitability of this population for use in autologous stem cell therapies.

Stem Cell-Based Personalized Medicine

2012 ◽  
pp. 1855-1866
Author(s):  
Alessandro Prigione
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Cellular Reprogramming ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches

Regenerative medicine is a rapidly evolving research field whose main aims are to provide new therapeutic approaches and to repair or replace injured tissues with functional cells derived from stem cells. In the past few years, research breakthroughs have revolutionized the field by showing that all somatic cells have the potential to re-acquire stem cell-like properties. Thus, it appears possible to generate relevant cell types starting from cells easily obtained from affected individuals. The obtained differentiated cells could eventually serve as in vitro tools for the study of disease-associated mechanisms and for performing customized drug screenings. Moreover, in the context of cellular transplantation, these cells represent the ideal cell source given that they posses the same genetic code and thus will avoid the occurrence of unwanted immune reactions. Overall, this revolutionary technique called cellular reprogramming might provide substantial support for the future development of personalized medicine. In this chapter, I describe the recent advances in the field of stem cell-based regenerative medicine applications. Parkinson’s disease is chosen as a paradigmatic example in which the use of stem cells for study and therapy could have a relevant impact and potentially represent a future cure for this debilitating disorder.

scholarly journals Efforts to enhance blood stem cell engraftment: Recent insights from zebrafish hematopoiesis

2017 ◽  
Vol 214 (10) ◽  
pp. 2817-2827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie R. Perlin ◽  
Anne L. Robertson ◽  
Leonard I. Zon
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Cell Engraftment ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an important therapy for patients with a variety of hematological malignancies. HSCT would be greatly improved if patient-specific hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) could be generated from induced pluripotent stem cells in vitro. There is an incomplete understanding of the genes and signals involved in HSC induction, migration, maintenance, and niche engraftment. Recent studies in zebrafish have revealed novel genes that are required for HSC induction and niche regulation of HSC homeostasis. Manipulation of these signaling pathways and cell types may improve HSC bioengineering, which could significantly advance critical, lifesaving HSCT therapies.

scholarly journals Human Pluripotent Stem Cells-Based Therapies for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Current Status and Challenges

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2517
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Ford ◽  
Jodie Pearlman ◽  
Travis Ruan ◽  
John Manion ◽  
Matthew Waller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cord Injury

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by irreversible cell damage, loss of neuronal cells and limited regeneration potential of the adult nervous system. Pluripotent stem cells are capable of differentiating into the multitude of cell types that compose the central and peripheral nervous systems and so have become the major focus of cell replacement therapies for the treatment of neurological disorders. Human embryonic stem cell (hESC) and human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cells have both been extensively studied as cell therapies in a wide range of neurodegenerative disease models in rodents and non-human primates, including Parkinson’s disease, stroke, epilepsy, spinal cord injury, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis and pain. In this review, we discuss the latest progress made with stem cell therapies targeting these pathologies. We also evaluate the challenges in clinical application of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-based therapies including risk of oncogenesis and tumor formation, immune rejection and difficulty in regeneration of the heterogeneous cell types composing the central nervous system.

scholarly journals Using induced pluripotent stem cells to understand retinal ciliopathy disease mechanisms and develop therapies

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1245-1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Parfitt ◽  
Amelia Lane ◽  
Conor Ramsden ◽  
Katarina Jovanovic ◽  
Peter J. Coffey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Retinal Degeneration ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Photoreceptor Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Disease Mechanisms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

The photoreceptor cells in the retina have a highly specialised sensory cilium, the outer segment (OS), which is important for detecting light. Mutations in cilia-related genes often result in retinal degeneration. The ability to reprogramme human cells into induced pluripotent stem cells and then differentiate them into a wide range of different cell types has revolutionised our ability to study human disease. To date, however, the challenge of producing fully differentiated photoreceptors in vitro has limited the application of this technology in studying retinal degeneration. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in stem cell technology and photoreceptor differentiation. In particular, the development of photoreceptors with rudimentary OS that can be used to understand disease mechanisms and as an important model to test potential new therapies for inherited retinal ciliopathies.

scholarly journals An integrative proteomics method identifies a regulator of translation during stem cell maintenance and differentiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Sabatier ◽  
Christian M. Beusch ◽  
Amir A. Saei ◽  
Mike Aoun ◽  
Noah Moruzzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Ribosome Biogenesis ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Parental Cell ◽  
Parental Cell Line ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The Web

AbstractDetailed characterization of cell type transitions is essential for cell biology in general and particularly for the development of stem cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine. To systematically study such transitions, we introduce a method that simultaneously measures protein expression and thermal stability changes in cells and provide the web-based visualization tool ProteoTracker. We apply our method to study differences between human pluripotent stem cells and several cell types including their parental cell line and differentiated progeny. We detect alterations of protein properties in numerous cellular pathways and components including ribosome biogenesis and demonstrate that modulation of ribosome maturation through SBDS protein can be helpful for manipulating cell stemness in vitro. Using our integrative proteomics approach and the web-based tool, we uncover a molecular basis for the uncoupling of robust transcription from parsimonious translation in stem cells and propose a method for maintaining pluripotency in vitro.

scholarly journals Amniotic Fluid and Amniotic Membrane Stem Cells: Marker Discovery

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria G. Roubelakis ◽  
Ourania Trohatou ◽  
Nicholas P. Anagnou
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Amniotic Membrane ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Stem Cell Population ◽  
Marker Discovery

Amniotic fluid (AF) and amniotic membrane (AM) have been recently characterized as promising sources of stem or progenitor cells. Both not only contain subpopulations with stem cell characteristics resembling to adult stem cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells, but also exhibit some embryonic stem cell properties like (i) expression of pluripotency markers, (ii) high expansion in vitro, or (iii) multilineage differentiation capacity. Recent efforts have been focused on the isolation and the detailed characterization of these stem cell types. However, variations in their phenotype, their heterogeneity described by different groups, and the absence of a single marker expressed only in these cells may prevent the isolation of a pure homogeneous stem cell population from these sources and their potential use of these cells in therapeutic applications. In this paper, we aim to summarize the recent progress in marker discovery for stem cells derived from fetal sources such as AF and AM, using novel methodologies based on transcriptomics, proteomics, or secretome analyses.

Mesenchymal stem cell adhesion to cardiac microvascular endothelium: activators and mechanisms

2006 ◽  
Vol 290 (4) ◽  
pp. H1370-H1377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent F. M. Segers ◽  
Ivan Van Riet ◽  
Luc J. Andries ◽  
Katrien Lemmens ◽  
Marc J. Demolder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Microvascular Endothelium ◽  
Rat Hearts ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Stromal Cell Derived Factor

Circulating stem cells home within the myocardium, probably as the first step of a tissue regeneration process. This step requires adhesion to cardiac microvascular endothelium (CMVE). In this study, we studied mechanisms of adhesion between CMVE and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Adhesion was studied in vitro and in vivo. Isolated 1,1′-dioctadecyl-3,3,3′,3′-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate-labeled rat MSCs were allowed to adhere to cultured CMVE in static and dynamic conditions. Either CMVE or MSCs were pretreated with cytokines [IL-1β, IL-3, IL-6, stem cell factor, stromal cell-derived factor-1, or TNF-α, 10 ng/ml]. Control or TNF-α-treated MSCs were injected intracavitarily in rat hearts in vivo. In baseline in vitro conditions, the number of MSCs that adhered to CMVE was highly dependent on the flow rate of the superfusing medium but remained significant at venous and capillary shear stress amplitudes. Activation of both CMVE and MSCs with TNF-α or IL-1β before adhesion concentration dependently increased adhesion of MSCs at each studied level of shear stress. Consistently, in vivo, activation of MSCs with TNF-α before injection significantly enhanced cardiac homing of MSCs. TNF-α-induced adhesion could be completely blocked by pretreating either CMVE or MSCs with anti-VCAM-1 monoclonal antibodies but not by anti-ICAM-1 antibodies. Adhesion of circulating MSCs in the heart appears to be an endothelium-dependent process and is sensitive to modulation by activators of both MSCs and endothelium. Inflammation and the expression of VCAM-1 but not ICAM-1 on both cell types have a regulatory effect on MSC homing in the heart.

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