scholarly journals Spatial Network Structures of Urban Agglomeration Based on the Improved Gravity Model: A Case Study in China’s Two Urban Agglomerations

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Yubo Zhao ◽  
Gui Zhang ◽  
Hongwei Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
Spatial Distance ◽  
Range Limit ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
City Network ◽  
The City

Research on urban agglomerations from the perspective of network spatial structure is important to promote their sustainable development. Based on online and traditional data, this paper first improves three aspects of the traditional spatial gravity model—city quality, the gravitation coefficient, and city distance—considering urban center functional intensity and population mobility tendencies. The resulting improved directional gravity model is applied to analyze the structure of the city network for two urban agglomerations in China, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration (BTHUA) and the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration (YRDUA). The results of the study are as follows: (1) the existing urban connections have obvious hierarchies and imbalances, with the YRDUA urban hierarchical connections being of larger scale. (2) Cities are closely connected, but city networks are unbalanced, though the YRDUA has more balanced urban development. (3) Each node city has a clear radiation range limit, and spatial distance remains an important constraint on urban connections. The backbone network of the BTHUA has a triangular shape and trends toward a “sparse north and dense south,” while the YRDUA is characterized by multiple axes and an overall distribution that trends toward a “dense north and sparse south.” (4) Cities with poor comprehensive strength are more likely to be captured, forming an attract and be attracted relationship. (5) The BTHUA and the YRDUA each form three communities.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, Yangtze river delta urban agglomeration, Guangdong, Hong Hong and Macau Bay area based on gravity model

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Huihui ◽  
◽  
Lu Qing ◽  
Zhao Qian ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Gravity Model ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
The Yangtze River Delta

Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration and the Guangdong, Hong Kong, Macau Greater Bay Area are China's three major urban agglomerations, including China's political, economic, financial and technological centers, which are important engines of the Chinese economy. The purpose of this study is to compare these three urban agglomerations from the economy, government management and spatial interactions. The major methodology of the study is gravity model. Since there are no clear official regulations for the scope of the three major urban agglomerations, we should define the scope and core areas at first, making them at a comparable level. First of all, the economy of the three major urban agglomerations in the wide area range are similar, while the core area of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration is the weakest in per capita GDP. In the perspective of government management, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration is policy-oriented and pays more attention to regional balanced development. The Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration mainly focus on economic development. Under the policy of reform and opening up, Guangdong, Hong Kong, Macau Bay Area is seeking more regional cooperation with Hong Kong and Macau. In terms of spatial interactions, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration presents a dual-core structure between Beijing and Tianjin. The other urban nodes in Hebei Province are not obvious, and the regional connections are weak, leading to unbalanced development. The Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration presents the characteristics of a networked structure, and the cities in the entire region are closely connected and have a tendency to be integrated both in economy and transportation. The Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macau Greater Bay Area has formed a strong core composed of cities such as Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Hong Kong, Macau and Dongguan, which are closely linked with each other, but weakly connected with external region.

scholarly journals The Evolution of the Urban Spatial Pattern in the Yangtze River Economic Belt: Based on Multi-Source Remote Sensing Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Hua Shao ◽  
Nan Jiang ◽  
Ge Shi ◽  
Xin Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
Spatial Distance ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
Urban Size

The development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) is an important national regional development strategy and a strategic engineering development system. In this study, the evolution of urban spatial patterns in the YREB from 1990 to 2010 was mapped using the nighttime stable light (NSL) data, multi-temporal urban land products, and multiple sources of geographic data by using the rank-size distribution and the Gini coefficient method. Through statistical results, we found that urban land takes on the feature of “high in the east and low in the west”. The study area included cities of different development stages and sizes. The nighttime light increased in most cities from 1992 to 2010, and the rate assumed an obvious growth tendency in the three urban agglomerations in the YREB. The results revealed that the urban size distribution of the YREB is relatively dispersed, the speed of urban development is unequal, and the trend of urban size structure shows a decentralized distribution pattern that has continuously strengthened from 1990 to 2010. Affected by factors such as geographical conditions, spatial distance, and development stage, the lower reaches of the Yangtze River have developed rapidly, the upper and middle reaches have developed large cities, and a contiguous development trend is not obvious. The evolution of urban agglomerations in the region presents a variety of spatial development characteristics. Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Shanghai have entered a phase of urban continuation, forming a more mature interregional urban agglomeration, while the YREB inland urban agglomerations are in suburbanization and multi-centered urban areas. At this stage, the conditions for the formation of transregional urban agglomerations do not yet exist, and there are many uncertainties in the boundary and spatial structure of each urban agglomeration.

scholarly journals Relining of pipe systems: conditions, benefits and application through case-study

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Victor Vladimirov ◽  
Thomas Simoner ◽  
Ioan Bica
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
Pipe System ◽  
Diameter Pipe ◽  
Pipe Systems ◽  
The City

Abstract Relining is one of the best alternatives available today for pipe system rehabilitation. This trenchless solution is particularly interesting for urban agglomerations, as a smaller diameter pipe is pushed or pulled through the old pipeline. Relining creates a leak-tight “pipe within a pipe” system, which is as good as new in both structural and hydraulic terms. Relining can be performed with both circular and special, non-circular (NC) profiles. The latter is especially advantageous for the rehabilitation of old sewers, many of which were constructed in a variety of ovoid-like shapes. This paper presents the typical steps that are performed for pipeline rehabilitation with non-circular profiles, as well as an applied case study (a project implemented in the city of Würzburg in Germany).

scholarly journals Does Population Mobility Contribute to Urbanization Convergence? Empirical Evidence from Three Major Urban Agglomerations in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Wang ◽  
Wenna Fan ◽  
Xiangyan Lin ◽  
Juan Liu ◽  
Xin Ye
Keyword(s):  
Pearl River Delta ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
Agglomeration Effect ◽  
The Pearl River ◽  
The Yangtze River Delta

Population mobility accelerates urbanization convergence and mitigates the negative impact of the spatial agglomeration effect on urbanization convergence, which is the most important conclusion in this paper. Taking 38 cities in China’s three urban agglomerations (the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, and the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region) from 2005 to 2016 as research subjects, the study first shows that there is a large gap in the level of urbanization between the three major urban agglomerations, but the gap has been constantly narrowed and presents a trend of absolute convergence and conditional convergence. Furthermore, without adding a population mobility variable, the combination of the diffusion effect of high-urbanization cities and the high growth rate of low-urbanization cities causes the inter-regional urbanization level to be continuously convergent in the Yangtze River Delta region; however, the combination of the agglomeration effect of high-urbanization cities and the high growth rate of low-urbanization cities causes the inter-regional urbanization to be divergent in the Pearl River Delta and the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region. Under the influence of population mobility, the “catch-up” effect in low-urbanization regions is greater than the agglomeration effect in high-urbanization regions, which promotes the continuous convergence of inter-regional urbanization.

scholarly journals The Character and Economic Preference of City Network of China: A Study Based on the Chinese Global Fortune 500 Enterprises

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xinzheng Zhao ◽  
Jing Su ◽  
Jing Chao ◽  
Xiaoqiong Liu ◽  
Tongsheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Structure ◽  
Radiation Effect ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Fortune 500 ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Network Function ◽  
City Network ◽  
The City

Based on the data of Chinese enterprises that entered the Fortune 500 list in 2015, this paper utilizes the eclectic model to construct the inter-city association network. Using the network analysis method, the spatial connection characteristics of 311 inter-city networks at prefecture level and above and 20 urban agglomerations networks in China are examined, respectively. The research found the following: (1) the overall connectivity of city network is poor, the centripetal concentration is strong, and the network is not complete. The city network structure shows three tendencies, with a concentration in political centers, a concentration in coastal areas, and a concentration in resource-based cities. The external economic dependence of each node city in national city network is high, and the city network structure has distinctly flattening characteristics. (2) Network function of cities is obviously different in multiscale region. Large cities and regional centers have more balanced function systems than the small- and medium-sized cities do. (3) The network of urban agglomerations is characterized by decentralization of power, differentiation of status, and dependence on external connections. The radiation effect of three major urban agglomerations in coastal China is strong, but the radiation effect of other urban agglomerations needs to be strengthened. (4) Both city networks and agglomeration economies have positive impact on economic growth of the city. The economic performance of city networks is differentiated between urban agglomeration cities and nonurban agglomeration cities, as well as between cities of different scale levels. This study provides new evidence for understanding the spatial relations and expansion of Chinese city networks.

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