scholarly journals Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Cannabidiol Contributes to the Decreased Lipid Peroxidation of Keratinocytes of Rat Skin Exposed to UV Radiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Anna Jastrząb ◽  
Iwona Jarocka-Karpowicz ◽  
Agnieszka Markowska ◽  
Adam Wroński ◽  
Agnieszka Gęgotek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Physical Factor ◽  
Uvb Radiation ◽  
Rat Skin ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Proinflammatory Factors

There is a great need for compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties for protection against UV radiation, which is the most prooxidative physical factor that skin cells are exposed to everyday. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the mechanism of phytocannabinoid-cannabidiol (CBD) action in vivo on lipid metabolism in keratinocytes of rat skin exposed to UVA/UVB radiation. Our results show that CBD protects keratinocytes against the effects of UVA/UVB radiation by reducing lipid peroxidation products: 4-HNE and 8-isoPGF2α. In addition, CBD significantly increases the level of endocannabinoids, such as anandamide, 2-arachidonylglycerol, and palmitoylethanolamide, and the activation of their receptors CB1/2 or TRPV1. The above changes are due to the protective effect of CBD against the UVA/UVB-induced decrease in the level/activity of superoxide dismutase and the components of the thioredoxin and glutathione systems. CBD also increases the in vivo transcriptional activity of Nrf2 and the expression of its Bach1 inhibitor as well as preventing the UVA/UVB-induced increase in the expression of Nrf2 activators p21, p62, p38, and KAP1 and proinflammatory factors such as NFκB and TNFα. By counteracting oxidative stress and changes in lipid structure in keratinocytes, CBD prevents cellular metabolic disturbances, protecting the epidermis against UV damage.

Differences in Pyrimidine Dimer Removal between Rat Skin Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

1988 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik. Mullaart ◽  
Paul H.M. Lohman ◽  
Jan. Vijg
Keyword(s):  
Pyrimidine Dimer ◽  
Rat Skin ◽  
Skin Cells

scholarly journals Antimutagenic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative activities of the juice of Vitis ficifolia var. Ganebu, a woody vine in the grape family, known as Ryukyu-ganebu in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakae Arimoto-Kobayashi ◽  
Ryoko Hida ◽  
Nana Fujii ◽  
Ryosuke Mochioka
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Dna Methyltransferases ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Chemopreventive Agents ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background Mutation, inflammation, and oxidative damage including lipid-peroxidation are factors involved in the development of cancer. We investigated the antimutagenic, in vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative effects of the juice of Vitis ficifolia var. ganebu (known as Ryukyu-ganebu in Japan) harvested in Kuchinoshima island (hereafter, the juice is referred to as ganebu-K) in comparison with the juice of Vitis coignetiae (crimson glory vine, known as yamabudo in Japan; hereafter, the juice is referred to as yamabudo) which we found antimutagenic and anti-inflammatory effects. Results Ganebu-K inhibited the mutagenic activity of several carcinogens, MeIQx, IQ, Trp-P-2(NHOH), and MNNG, model compounds of tumor initiation. Using S. typhimurium YG7108, a strain lacking O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferases, ganebu-K showed no significant inhibition of the mutagenicity of MNNG. Thus, DNA repair of O6-methylguanine produced by MNNG might be an antimutagenic target of the components in ganebu-K. Topical application of ganebu-K to the dorsal sides of mice resulted in potent suppression of acute edema induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Ganebu-K, but not yamabudo, exhibited significant inhibition of the induction of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) induced by TPA. Components contained in ganebu-K, but not in yamabudo, might be responsible for the inhibition of the induction of PGE2. Ganebu-K inhibited in vivo lipid peroxidation and decreased the level of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase induced by CCL4 treatment. Conclusions These results suggest that the active components in ganebu-K juice are not the same as those in yamabudo, and the components in ganebu-K are attractive candidates as chemopreventive agents.

Adiponectin Ameliorates Cognitive Behaviors and in vivo Synaptic Plasticity Impairments in 3xTg-AD Mice

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Xu-Dong Yan ◽  
Xue-Song Qu ◽  
Jing Yin ◽  
Jin Qiao ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Morris Water Maze Test ◽  
Amyloid Β Protein ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Electrophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Proinflammatory Factors

Background: Cognitive deficit is mainly clinical characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recent reports showed adiponectin and its analogues could reverse cognitive impairments, lower amyloid-β protein (Aβ) deposition, and exert anti-inflammatory effects in different APP/PS1 AD model mice mainly exhibiting amyloid plaque pathology. However, the potential in vivo electrophysiological mechanism of adiponectin protecting against cognitive deficits in AD and the neuroprotective effects of adiponectin on 3xTg-AD mice including both plaque and tangle pathology are still unclear. Objective: To observe the effects of adiponectin treatment on cognitive deficits in 3xTg-AD mice, investigate its potential in vivo electrophysiological mechanism, and testify its anti-inflammatory effects. Methods: Barnes maze test, Morris water maze test, and fear conditioning test were used to evaluate the memory-ameliorating effects of adiponectin on 3xTg-AD mice. In vivo hippocampal electrophysiological recording was used to observe the change of basic synaptic transmission, long-term potentiation, and long-term depression. Immunohistochemistry staining and western blot were used to observe the activation of microglia and astroglia, and the expression levels of proinflammatory factors and anti-inflammtory factor IL-10. Results: Adiponectin treatment could alleviate spatial memory and conditioned fear memory deficits observed in 3xTg-AD mice, improve in vivo LTP depression and LTD facilitation, inhibit overactivation of microglia and astroglia, decrease the expression of proinflammatory factors NF- κB and IL-1β, and increase the expression level of IL-10 in the hippocampus of 3xTg-AD mice. Conclusion: Adiponectin could ameliorate cognitive deficits in 3xTg-AD mice through improving in vivo synaptic plasticity impairments and alleviating neuroinflammation in the hippocampus of 3xTg-AD mice.

Liquid crystalline nanodispersion functionalized with cell-penetrating peptides improves skin penetration and anti-inflammatory effect of lipoic acid after in vivo skin exposure to UVB radiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1810-1828
Author(s):  
Patrícia Mazureki Campos ◽  
Fabíola Garcia Praça ◽  
Samuel Vidal Mussi ◽  
Sônia Aparecida Figueiredo ◽  
Márcia Carvalho de Abreu Fantini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Skin Penetration ◽  
Cell Penetrating Peptides ◽  
Uvb Radiation ◽  
Skin Exposure ◽  
Cell Penetrating ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

scholarly journals Nicotinic Amidoxime Derivate BGP-15, Topical Dosage Formulation and Anti-Inflammatory Effect

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2037
Author(s):  
Ágota Pető ◽  
Dóra Kósa ◽  
Ádám Haimhoffer ◽  
Pálma Fehér ◽  
Zoltán Ujhelyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macrophage Activation ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Penetration Enhancers ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Uvb Radiation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

BGP-15 is a Hungarian-developed drug candidate with numerous beneficial effects. Its potential anti-inflammatory effect is a common assumption, but it has not been investigated in topical formulations yet. The aim of our study was to formulate 10% BGP-15 creams with different penetration enhancers to ensure good drug delivery, improve bioavailability of the drug and investigate the potential anti-inflammatory effect of BGP-15 creams in vivo. Since the exact mechanism of the effect is still unknown, the antioxidant effect (tested with UVB radiation) and the ability of BGP-15 to decrease macrophage activation were evaluated. Biocompatibility investigations were carried out on HaCaT cells to make sure that the formulations and the selected excipients can be safely used. Dosage form studies were also completed with texture analysis and in vitro release with Franz diffusion chamber apparatus. Our results show that the ointments were able to reduce the extent of local inflammation in mice, but the exact mechanism of the effect remains unknown since BGP-15 did not show any antioxidant effect, nor was it able to decrease LPS-induced macrophage activation. Our results support the hypothesis that BGP-15 has a potential anti-inflammatory effect, even if it is topically applied, but the mechanism of the effect remains unclear and requires further pharmacological studies.

scholarly journals Pheomelanin Effect on UVB Radiation-Induced Oxidation/Nitration of L-Tyrosine

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Alessia Mariano ◽  
Irene Bigioni ◽  
Anna Scotto d’Abusco ◽  
Alessia Baseggio Conrado ◽  
Simonetta Maina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Photochemical Reactions ◽  
Uvb Radiation ◽  
Natural Pigment ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Tyrosine Oxidation ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Cellular Components ◽  
Catalyzed Oxidation

Pheomelanin is a natural yellow-reddish sulfur-containing pigment derived from tyrosinase-catalyzed oxidation of tyrosine in presence of cysteine. Generally, the formation of melanin pigments is a protective response against the damaging effects of UV radiation in skin. However, pheomelanin, like other photosensitizing substances, can trigger, following exposure to UV radiation, photochemical reactions capable of modifying and damaging cellular components. The photoproperties of this natural pigment have been studied by analyzing pheomelanin effect on oxidation/nitration of tyrosine induced by UVB radiation at different pH values and in presence of iron ions. Photoproperties of pheomelanin can be modulated by various experimental conditions, ranging from the photoprotection to the triggering of potentially damaging photochemical reactions. The study of the photomodification of l-Tyrosine in the presence of the natural pigment pheomelanin has a special relevance, since this tyrosine oxidation/nitration pathway can potentially occur in vivo in tissues exposed to sunlight and play a role in the mechanisms of tissue damage induced by UV radiation.

scholarly journals A revised action spectrum for vitamin D synthesis by suberythemal UV radiation exposure in humans in vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (40) ◽  
pp. e2015867118
Author(s):  
Antony R. Young ◽  
Kylie A. Morgan ◽  
Graham I. Harrison ◽  
Karl P. Lawrence ◽  
Bibi Petersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Action Spectrum ◽  
Blue Shift ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Uvb Radiation ◽  
Action Spectra

Action spectra are important biological weighting functions for risk/benefit analyses of ultraviolet (UV) radiation (UVR) exposure. One important human benefit of exposure to terrestrial solar UVB radiation (∼295 to 315 nm) is the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D3 that is initiated by the photoconversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol to previtamin D3. An action spectrum for this process that is followed by other nonphotochemical steps to achieve biologically active vitamin D3 has been established from ex vivo data and is widely used, although its validity has been questioned. We tested this action spectrum in vivo by full- or partial-body suberythemal irradiation of 75 healthy young volunteers with five different polychromatic UVR spectra on five serial occasions. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] levels, as the most accurate measure of vitamin D3 status, were assessed before, during, and after the exposures. These were then used to generate linear dose–response curves that were different for each UVR spectrum. It was established that the previtamin D3 action spectrum was not valid when related to the serum 25(OH)D3 levels, as weighting the UVR doses with this action spectrum did not result in a common regression line unless it was adjusted by a blue shift, with 5 nm giving the best fit. Such a blue shift is in accord with the published in vitro action spectra for vitamin D3 synthesis. Thus, calculations regarding the risk (typically erythema) versus the benefit of exposure to solar UVR based on the ex vivo previtamin D3 action spectrum require revision.

scholarly journals Formulation of meloxicam gel for topical application: In vitro and in vivo evaluation

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogeshwar Bachhav ◽  
Vandana Patravale
Keyword(s):  
Topical Application ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Rat Skin ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Topical Gel ◽  
Skin Delivery ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Formulation of meloxicam gel for topical application: In vitro and in vivo evaluation Skin delivery of NSAIDs offers several advantages over the oral route associated with potential side effects. In the present investigation, topical gel of meloxicam (MLX) was formulated using N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solubilizer and Carbopol Ultrez 10® as a gelling polymer. MLX gel was evaluated with respect to different physicochemical parameters such as pH, viscosity and spreadability. Irritation potential of MLX gel was studied on rabbits. Permeation of MLX gel was studied using freshly excised rat skin as a membrane. Anti-inflammatory activity of MLX gel was studied in rats and compared with the commercial formulation of piroxicam (Pirox® gel, 0.5% m/m). Accelerated stability studies were carried out for MLX gel for 6 months according to ICH guidelines. MLX gel was devoid of any skin irritation in rabbits. After 12 h, cumulative permeation of MLX through excised rat skin was 3.0 ± 1.2 mg cm-2 with the corresponding flux value of 0.24 ± 0.09 mg cm-2 h-1. MLX gel exhibited significantly higher anti-inflammatory activity in rats compared to Pirox® gel. Physicochemically stable and non-irritant MLX gel was formulated which could deliver significant amounts of active substance across the skin in vitro and in vivo to elicit the anti-inflammatory activity.

scholarly journals Development of a high-throughput screening system for identification of novel reagents regulating DNA damage in human dermal fibroblasts

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seunghee Bae ◽  
In-Sook An ◽  
Sungkwan An
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyl Transferase ◽  
Screening System ◽  
Uvb Radiation ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
F Cells

Abstract Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a major inducer of skin aging and accumulated exposure to UV radiation increases DNA damage in skin cells, including dermal fibroblasts. In the present study, we developed a novel DNA repair regulating material discovery (DREAM) system for the high-throughput screening and identification of putative materials regulating DNA repair in skin cells. First, we established a modified lentivirus expressing the luciferase and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) genes. Then, human dermal fibroblast WS-1 cells were infected with the modified lentivirus and selected with puromycin to establish cells that stably expressed luciferase and HPRT (DREAM-F cells). The first step in the DREAM protocol was a 96-well-based screening procedure, involving the analysis of cell viability and luciferase activity after pretreatment of DREAM-F cells with reagents of interest and post-treatment with UVB radiation, and vice versa. In the second step, we validated certain effective reagents identified in the first step by analyzing the cell cycle, evaluating cell death, and performing HPRT-DNA sequencing in DREAM-F cells treated with these reagents and UVB. This DREAM system is scalable and forms a time-saving high-throughput screening system for identifying novel anti-photoaging reagents regulating DNA damage in dermal fibroblasts.

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