scholarly journals Insulin Resistance Indexes as Biomarkers of Lifetime Cardiovascular Risk among Adults from Peru

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ricardo Rojas-Humpire ◽  
Mely Olarte-Durand ◽  
Sebastian Medina-Ramirez ◽  
Rosmery Gutierrez-Ajalcriña ◽  
Josue F. Canaza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
Optimal Cutoff ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Cutoff Values

Background. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most prevalent cause of death from disease and disability in the world. Reliable markers are needed to assess and reduce cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to determine if insulin resistance indexes, triglycerides to HDL-cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C), and triglyceride glucose index (TyG) are biomarkers for lifetime cardiovascular risk (CVR). Methods. This analytical cross-sectional study was performed on health personnel from Huaycan Hospital in Peru. The QRISK model was used to measure lifetime CVR. The association and diagnostic accuracy for TyG calculated as Ln (TG (mg/dL) × glucose (mg/dL)/2) and TG/HDL-C ratio were determined using Poisson regression models and ROC curves with Youden index. Results. In total, 291 adults (207 women and 84 men) were analyzed. In the adjusted Poisson models, each unit of TG/HDL-C increased 1.22-fold and 1.16-fold the probability of high lifetime CVR in men and women, respectively. However, each unit of TyG increased 1.98-fold in men and 3.25-fold in women the probability of high lifetime CVR. The optimal cutoff values of TG/HDL-C were 2.64 (AUC: 0.77), 3.90 (AUC: 0.80), and 2.64 (AUC: 0.74) for the overall population, men, and women, respectively. Likewise, the optimal cutoff values of TyG were 9.04 (AUC: 0.80), 8.95 (AUC: 0.79), and 9.04 (AUC: 0.80) for the overall population, men, and women, respectively. Conclusion. TG/HDL-C and TyG presented a significant association with lifetime CVR. However, TyG presented a stronger association than TG/HDL-C. Both TG/HDL-C and TyG are shown to be reliable markers for CVR in adults.

scholarly journals Optimal waist:height ratio cut-off point for cardiometabolic risk factors in Turkish adults

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Selçuk Can ◽  
Emine Akal Yıldız ◽  
Gülhan Samur ◽  
Neslişah Rakıcıoğlu ◽  
Gülden Pekcan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women

AbstractObjectiveTo identify the optimal waist:height ratio (WHtR) cut-off point that discriminates cardiometabolic risk factors in Turkish adults.DesignCross-sectional study. Hypertension, dyslipidaemia, diabetes, metabolic syndrome score ≥2 (presence of two or more metabolic syndrome components except for waist circumference) and at least one risk factor (diabetes, hypertension or dyslipidaemia) were categorical outcome variables. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were prepared by plotting 1 − specificity on the x-axis and sensitivity on the y-axis. The WHtR value that had the highest Youden index was selected as the optimal cut-off point for each cardiometabolic risk factor (Youden index = sensitivity + specificity − 1).SettingTurkey, 2003.SubjectsAdults (1121 women and 571 men) aged 18 years and over were examined.ResultsAnalysis of ROC coordinate tables showed that the optimal cut-off value ranged between 0·55 and 0·60 and was almost equal between men and women. The sensitivities of the identified cut-offs were between 0·63 and 0·81, the specificities were between 0·42 and 0·71 and the accuracies were between 0·65 and 0·73, for men and women. The cut-off point of 0·59 was the most frequently identified value for discrimination of the studied cardiometabolic risk factors. Subjects classified as having WHtR ≥ 0·59 had significantly higher age and sociodemographic multivariable-adjusted odds ratios for cardiometabolic risk factors than subjects with WHtR < 0·59, except for diabetes in men.ConclusionsWe show that the optimal WHtR cut-off point to discriminate cardiometabolic risk factors is 0·59 in Turkish adults.

Abstract P304: Fatty liver disease is Associated with Aortic Valve Sclerosis in the General Population

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Lieb ◽  
Marcello R Markus ◽  
Sebastian E Baumeister ◽  
Henri Wallaschofski ◽  
Marcus Dörr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Aortic Valve Sclerosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio

Background: Fatty liver disease has been linked to increased cardiovascular risk and mortality, but the precise mechanisms are incompletely understood. We aimed to assess whether fatty liver disease is associated with aortic valve sclerosis in the community. Methods: Cross-sectional data (1,150 men and 1,087 women, aged 45–81 years) from the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP), in northeast Germany, were analyzed. Fatty liver disease was defined as a hyperechogenic ultrasound pattern of the liver in conjunction with increased serum alanine aminotransferase levels. Aortic valve sclerosis was determined by echocardiography and defined as an abnormal irregular thickening and a focal or diffuse increase of the echogenicity of the leaflets. Results: The prevalences of fatty liver disease and aortic valve sclerosis were 15.6% and 32.5%, respectively. Among participants with fatty liver disease, aortic valve sclerosis was much more common than in indivivuals without fatty liver disease (prevalence aortic valve sclerosis 38.3% vs. 29.2%; p=0.001). Upon adjustment for confounding factors (including age, sex, waist circumference, alcohol consumption, physical activity, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication, total/HDL cholesterol ratio, lipid-lowering medication, HBA1c, anti-diabetic medication, and estimated glomerular filtration rate), individuals with fatty liver disease had 38% higher odds ratio of presenting with aortic valve sclerosis as compared to those without fatty liver disease (95% confidence interval, OR 1.02 to 1.88). Conclusions: Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that fatty liver disease is associated with aortic valve sclerosis, independently of classic cardiovascular risk factors. Metabolic changes secondary to fatty liver disease may have a pro-atherogenic effect promoting the development of the aortic valve calcification and sclerosis.

scholarly journals Metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and other cardiovascular risk factors in university students

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1123-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Bonifácio Barbosa ◽  
Alcione Miranda dos Santos ◽  
Marcelo Mesquita Barbosa ◽  
Márcio Mesquita Barbosa ◽  
Carolina Abreu de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
University Students ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Blood Glucose

Abstract A cross-sectional population-based study using questionnaire and anthropometric data was conducted on 968 university students of São Luís, Brazil, from which 590 showed up for blood collection. In the statistical analysis the Student t-test, Mann-Whitney and chi-square tests were used. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome by the Joint Interim Statement (JIS) criteria was 20.5%, almost three times more prevalent in men (32.2%) than in women (13.5%) (P < 0.001). The prevalence of insulin resistance was 7.3% and the prevalence of low HDL-cholesterol was high (61.2%), both with no statistically significant differences by sex. Men showed a higher percentage of smoking, overweight, high blood pressure, high blood glucose and increased fasting hypertriglyceridemia. Women were more sedentary. University students of private institutions had higher prevalences of sedentary lifestyle, obesity, abdominal obesity, elevated triglycerides and metabolic syndrome than students from public institutions. High prevalences of metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and other cardiovascular risk factors were found in this young population. This suggests that the burden of these diseases in the future will be increased.

scholarly journals The Association of the Triglyceride-to-HDL Cholesterol Ratio with Insulin Resistance in White European and South Asian Men and Women

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. e50931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samiul A. Mostafa ◽  
Melanie J. Davies ◽  
Danielle H. Morris ◽  
Tom Yates ◽  
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan Srinivasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Asian Men

scholarly journals The Role of Triglyceride to HDL Cholesterol Ratio in Sera as a Clinical Surrogate Marker for Cardiovascular Risk and Insulin Resistance in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silviya S. Ganeva ◽  
Ginka H. Rayanova ◽  
Katya N. Todorova ◽  
Tzvetan H. Lukanov ◽  
Svetla O. Blazheva
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Homeostatic Model

Summary The study aimed to investigate the triglycerides to HDL-cholesterol ratio (Tg/HDL) and the interaction of this ratio with insulin resistance (IR) and insulin secretion indices, with the levels of interleukin - 1(IL-1), interleukin-6 (Il-6), and tumour necrotic factor- α (TNF-α) in sera among patients with metabolic syndrome (MS). A prospective, cross-sectional, comparative study was conducted on 45 patients with MS without data for hyperglycemia and 21 metabolically healthy non-obese controls. The levels of fasting and postprandial glucose, immunoreactive insulin (IRI), total cholesterol, triglycerides (Tg), IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α were measured in all the participants. We calculated the LDL cholesterol levels, Tg/HDL ratio, homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and the homeostatic model of β-cell function (HOMA-b). Patients with MS had higher BMI (38.73±1.84 vs. 24.32±2.71 kg/m2; р<0.05) and waist circumference (115.56 ±4.7 vs. 81.1±8.4cm; р<0.05) than non-obese controls. The same patients had higher LDL cholesterol levels (3.42±0.3 vs. 2.63±0.66 mmol/l; р<0.05) and Tg (1.59±0.22 vs. 1.08±0.31mmol/l; р<0.05), as well as lower levels of HDL-cholesterol (1.03±0.09 vs. 1.27 ± 0.24mmol/l; р<0.05) compared to the controls. The Tg/HDL ratio was 2.03±0.87 among the patients with MS and 0.88±0.27 in controls; р<0.05. The plasma levels of basal IRI (19.32±3.22 mIU/l vs. 9.13±0.73mIU/l; р<0.05), HOMAIR (4.02 vs. 1.97; р<0.05) and HOMA-b (258.77±57.76 vs. 183.31±17.52; р<0.05) were significantly higher in the MS group. The same patients with MS had higher concentrations of IL-1 (18.37±4.28pg/ml vs. 7.12±1.74pg/ml; p<0.05), IL-6 (1.01±0.3pg/ml vs. 0.1±0.3pg/ml; р<0.05) and TNF-α (2.13±1.43 pg/ml vs. 1.82±0.94pg/ml; р=0.24) too. Positive correlations between the levels of IL- 1 and Tg/HDL ratio (r= 0.46; p=0.008), IL-1 and HOMA-%В (r=0.47; p=0.005) were found. The Tg/HDL ratio is a potential, cheap and available surrogate marker for screening for cardiovascular risk and insulin resistance in patients with MS in clinical practice.

Muscle strength cut-points for metabolic syndrome detection among adults and the elderly from Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-388
Author(s):  
Tiago Rodrigues de Lima ◽  
David Alejandro González-Chica ◽  
Eleonora D’Orsi ◽  
Xuemei Sui ◽  
Diego Augusto Santos Silva
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cut Points

We aimed to determine cut-points for muscle strength based on metabolic syndrome diagnosis. This cross-sectional analysis comprised data from 2 cohorts in Brazil (EpiFloripa Adult, n = 626, 44.0 ± 11.1 years; EpiFloripa Aging, n = 365, 71.6 ± 6.1 years). Metabolic syndrome was assessed by relative handgrip strength (kgf/kg). Metabolic syndrome was defined as including ≥3 of the 5 metabolic abnormalities according to the Joint Interim Statement. Optimal cut-points from Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were determined. Adjusted logistic regression was used to test the association between metabolic syndrome and the cut-points created. The cut-point identified for muscle strength was 1.07 kgf/kg (Youden index = 0.310; area under the curve (AUC)) = 0.693, 95% CI 0.614–0.764) for men and 0.73 kgf/kg (Youden index = 0.481; AUC = 0.768, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.709–0.821) for women (age group 25 to < 50 years). The best cut-points for men and women aged 50+ years were 0.99 kgf/kg (Youden index = 0.312; AUC = 0.651; 95% CI = 0.583–0.714) and 0.58 kgf/kg (Youden index = 0.378; AUC = 0.743; 95% CI = 0.696–0.786), respectively. Cut-points derived from ROC analysis have good discriminatory power for metabolic syndrome among adults aged 25 to <50 years but not for adults aged 50+ years. Novelty: First-line management recommendation for metabolic syndrome is lifestyle modification, including improvement of muscle strength. Cut-points for muscle strength levels according to sex and age range based on metabolic syndrome were created. Cut-points for muscle strength can assist in the identification of adults at risk for cardiometabolic disease.

scholarly journals Associations of tobacco smoking with body mass distribution; a population-based study of 65,875 men and women in midlife

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidsel Graff-Iversen ◽  
Stephen Hewitt ◽  
Lisa Forsén ◽  
Liv Grøtvedt ◽  
Inger Ariansen
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Never Smokers

Abstract Background Studies indicate an effect of smoking toward abdominal obesity, but few assess hip and waist circumferences (HC and WC) independently. The present study aimed to assess the associations of smoking status and volume smoked with HC and WC and their ratio in a population with low prevalence of obesity together with high prevalence of smoking. Methods We used cross-sectional survey data from 11 of a total 19 Norwegian counties examined in 1997–99 including 65,875 men and women aged 39–44 years. Analysis of associations were adjusted for confounding by socioeconomic position, health indicators, and additionally for BMI. Results Compared with never-smokers, when adjusting for confounders and in addition for BMI, mean HC remained lower while mean WC and waist-hip-ratio (WHR) were higher in current smokers. The finding of a lower HC and higher WHR level among smokers was consistent by sex and in strata by levels of education and physical activity, while the finding of higher WC by smoking was less consistent. Among current smokers, BMI-adjusted mean HC decreased whereas WC and WHR increased by volume smoked. Compared with current smokers, former smokers had higher BMI-adjusted HC, lower WHR and among women WC was lower. Conclusions The main finding in this study was the consistent negative associations of smoking with HC. In line with the hypothesis that lower percentage gluteofemoral fat is linked with higher cardiovascular risk, our results suggest that smoking impacts cardiovascular risk through mechanisms that reduce the capacity of fat storage in the lower body region.

scholarly journals Metabolic comparison of polycystic ovarian syndrome and control women in Middle Eastern and UK Caucasian populations

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra E. Butler ◽  
Ahmed Abouseif ◽  
Soha R. Dargham ◽  
Thozhukat Sathyapalan ◽  
Stephen L. Atkin
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Eastern Women ◽  
Blood Pressures

Abstract To determine if metabolic characteristics differed in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) between a Caucasian and Middle East population. Comparative cross-sectional analysis. Demographic and metabolic data from Middle Eastern women from Qatar Biobank (97 with PCOS, 622 controls) were compared to a Caucasian PCOS biobank in Hull UK (108 with PCOS, 69 controls). In both populations, PCOS women showed a worse cardiovascular risk profile of increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure, increased C-reactive protein (CRP), reduced HDL, insulin resistance as well as increased androgens compared to their respective controls without PCOS. UK women without PCOS had higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and increased testosterone results (p < 0.01) compared to Middle Eastern women without PCOS who had higher inflammatory markers (WBC and CRP), HDL and insulin resistance (p < 0.001). UK PCOS women had a higher body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, triglycerides (p < 0.01), whilst Middle Eastern PCOS women showed increased testosterone, free androgen index, HDL and CRP (P < 0.01). There was no difference in insulin or insulin resistance between the two PCOS cohorts. This study highlights ethnic population differences because, whilst cardiovascular risk indices were increased for both PCOS cohorts, this may be for different reasons: BMI, waist and hip measurements, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and triglycerides were higher in the UK cohort whilst testosterone, HDL and CRP were higher in the Middle East population. Insulin resistance did not differ between the two PCOS populations despite differences in BMI.

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