scholarly journals Analysis of Freeway Safety Influencing Factors on Driving Workload and Performance Based on the Gray Correlation Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Lian Xie ◽  
Chaozhong Wu ◽  
Min Duan ◽  
Nengchao Lyu
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Horizontal Curve ◽  
Lane Departure ◽  
Correlation Degree ◽  
Driving Workload ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Performance

Human-related factors are a crucial inducement of traffic accidents. Understanding the influence of freeway environments on the driving behavior and workload experienced by drivers has been demonstrated to be of primary importance for improving traffic safety. To study the effect of alignment, traffic flow, and sign information on drivers’ mental workload and behavior, 16 scenarios were constructed using the orthogonal design method, and simulated driving experiments were carried out with 45 participants. During driving, indicators such as the mean and standard deviation of vehicle speed and lane departure were collected, and the NASA-TLX questionnaire was adopted to measure workload. Analysis of variance results indicated that the radius of the horizontal curve, gradient, flow, and sign information level have a significant influence on drivers’ workload and speed keeping ability. In addition, the horizontal curve radius has a significant effect on lane keeping ability. The importance of safety influencing factors on driving workload and performance was quantitatively ranked by integrating the trend of Deng’s correlation degree, comprehensive correlation degree, and similar correlation degree, whose weight was calculated using the entropy method. Traffic sign information was found to have the greatest impact on workload. In terms of driving performance, traffic volume has the greatest influence on the mean and standard deviation of vehicle speed, followed by the amount of sign information. Lane departure is most affected by the radius of the horizontal curve. These findings provide guidance for freeway traffic safety regulation, including workload control and road facility optimization.

Study on Driving Deceleration Model on Horizontal Curve Sections of Mountain Highways

2012 ◽  
Vol 479-481 ◽  
pp. 1660-1664
Author(s):  
Yu Zhuo Men ◽  
Hai Bo Yu ◽  
Hua Wang ◽  
Liang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Theoretical Method ◽  
Control Model ◽  
Reference Object ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Horizontal Curve ◽  
Line Features ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Object Of Study

Mountain highways are traffic accident-prone locations. Such factors as vehicle speed and trajectory hold a considerable proportion in the accidents. Highway line features is the basis to determine vehicle speed. In this paper, the running speed of vehicles on mountain highways is taken as the main object of study and the observation and survey data on vehicles deceleration behaviors before they enter a curve on the curved sections of mountain highways are taken as the reference object to establish the drivers driving speed control model on the horizontal curve sections of mountain highways, and an example is used to conduct comparative validation on the driving deceleration model. Calculation results show that the deceleration control model established in this paper is feasible and effective, can better simulate vehicles deceleration behaviors when they pass through speed limit signs or the sections with road surface deceleration signs and provides a new theoretical method and guiding basis for the line features design, traffic safety analysis and evaluation and traffic safety improvements of mountain highways.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Audit Klinis Sebagai Cara Pembelajaran untuk Meningkatkan Perilaku Peserta Didik PPDS Onkologi Radiasi Periode September 2010 - Maret 2011

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Fielda Djuita ◽  
Harsono Mardiwiyoto ◽  
Ova Emilia ◽  
Soehartati Soehartati
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Clinical Audit ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Audit Score ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Performance

Background: Clinical Audit is one of the formative evaluations that conducted to maintain and increase behavior and performance of the Radiation Oncology students, as an effort to maintain radiotherapy services and grant the quality of education. The objective of this study is to evaluate the role of clinical audit in improving students’ behavior.Method: This was a quasi-experimental research time series. We have done audit to the medical record chart of the residences at Policlinic I, II, III and stay at semester 3, 4, 5 in FK UI/RSUPNCM between September 2010 and December 2011 (T0). Audit had done by the author and one of the lectures. After analyzing the audit report, the reports were sent to the students one by one through email followed by forwarding it to the lecturer involved in this research. Then we continue the audit by performing the second clinical audit (T1) from January until March 2011. We used the mean score from the two auditors. The score divided into 4 groups as follows: hospital clinical record, treatment prescription, simulation and planning also evaluation during treatment. After that the author compared the audit score before and after intervention with t-test.Results: There were 16 Oncology Radiation students with 163 cases (To) and 156 cases (T1) who worked at Policlinic I, II and III. Behavior mean score is 1.9229 (T0), standard deviation 0.0514 and mean score after first intervention is 1.9764, standard deviation 0.0479 with p= 0.006.Conclusion: The students’ behaviors and performance are changed significantly after intervention.

scholarly journals Relationship between Speed Characteristics and Traffic Safety on Freeways in Mainland China

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyue Tang
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Nonlinear Regression Method ◽  
Speed Standard Deviation

Based on the traffic accidents statistical data of 10 typical freeways in mainland China, by using of some kinds of regression model, the influences of the average vehicle speed and the speed standard deviation on the traffic safety are studied. According to the regression results, the accidents show an increasing trend with the increase of the vehicle average speed and the speed standard deviation. On this basis, in view of the regression results, the strategy is put forward for controlling the vehicle average speed and the speed standard deviation, which has important theoretical and practical significance for improving highway safety. After a comprehensive comparison among these regression methods, it is found that the nonlinear regression method of user-defined model expression has the best fitting effect, and it can also more accurately describe the objective reality. It has high practicality and popularized value.

An Experimental Study on Combustion and Performance of a Liquefied Natural Gas–Diesel Dual-Fuel Engine With Different Pilot Diesel Quantities

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiantong Song ◽  
Guna Wang
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Injection Technology

Abstract The pilot diesel quantity (mpilot) has an impact on the liqueified nitrogen gas (LNG)-diesel dual-fuel engine, but it is very difficult for a dual-fuel engine with the traditional injection system to adjust mpilot to meet various operating conditions in practice. In recent years, with great progress in common rail diesel injection technology, mpilot can be adjusted accurately by the electronic control system, which is an advantage for operation with the diesel–LNG dual-fuel. In order to optimize mpilot of the diesel–LNG dual-fuel engine, the combustion and performance of a dual-fuel engine with the mpilot of 5.05 mg/cyc, 5.20 mg/cyc, 5.69 mg/cyc, 6.31 mg/cyc and 6.91 mg/cyc under 50% load at speed of 1600 r/min were analyzed. Experimental results show that, with an increase in mpilot, the maximum in-cylinder pressure, rate of pressure rise, and heat release rate of dual-fuel obviously increase, the crank angles of the maximum value move forward, and the combustion duration becomes shorter. The mean value of peak in-cylinder pressure (pmax) increases obviously while the standard deviation of it decreases, and the distribution of that focuses. The mean value of the crank angle corresponding to pmax pressure decreases except for the mpilot of 5.05 mg/cyc, while the standard deviation of that gradually decreases, the distribution of it focuses and moves forward. The brake power increases while the brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) decreases, the CO and HC decrease, while the CO2, NOx, and smoke density emissions increase.

scholarly journals DETERMINASI MOTIVASI BERPRESTASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA AUTOTAMA MOBIL MOTOR DI KARANGASEM

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Putri Anggreni
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Corporate Objective ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Ideal

<p>Achievement motivation is an encouragement in a person to do a particular task or activity or task as well as possible in order to achieve a commendable achievement with honors. Seeing these indications, the performance of employees in the Motor Car Autotama Karangasem is influenced by several variables. One of them is the achievement motivation, but how much the relationship or the determination of achievement motivation on employee performance Autotama Motor Cars is not certain. Therefore, this study will examine the determination of achievement motivation on employee performance Autotama Car Motor Karangasem Data achievement motivation and performance of employees that have been collected tabulated the mean, median, mode, the range, scale and standard deviation of data concerning achievement motivation and performance of employees. Statistical analysis was used to test the hypothesis with a simple linear regression. The stages of the analysis conducted in this study is a description of the data. Qualification data description achievement motivation and performance of employees, also using univariant analysis. This analysis is based on the average score of the ideal (Mi) and the ideal standard deviation (SDi). As well as this analysis also includes testing requirements analysis and hypothesis testing. The analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between the Achievement Motivation Employee Performance through the equation of the line y = -36.800 + 0.632 X with Freg = 43.015 (p &lt;0.05). In the present study found a significant correlation between the achievement motivation employee performance at 0.691 with p &lt;0.05. This means that the better the achievement motivation of employees, the better the performance of the employee. Achievement motivation variables could explain the higher performance of employees amounted to 47.8%. These findings indicate that achievement motivation has an important role in improving employee performance. Normatively found that achievement motivation as very good in the category means an employee has shown excellent achievement motivation in carrying out his job. From the correlation analysis it is evident that significant determination between the achievement motivation employee performance. It needs to be maintained to keep employees comfortable and satisfied in performing everyday tasks so that corporate objectives will be achieved.<br />Key Words: achievement motivation, employee performance, Autotama Motor Cars, corporate objective</p>

scholarly journals PSXI-19 Investigating the Relationship Between Temperament and Performance Traits in Feedlot Cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 383-384
Author(s):  
Jesse Bouffiou ◽  
Jane A Boles ◽  
Jennifer M Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Exit Velocity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Temperament in cattle, is defined as behavioral changes in response to humans or changes in the environment, and has been associated with reduced feed efficiency, reduced growth rate, and poor feedlot health. The objective of the study was to determine if temperament affected the performance, growth and health of feedlot cattle. One-hundred and thirty-one Angus x Simmental steers from a single ranch were sampled at a commercial feedlot in Chappell, NE. Blood samples for metabolite analysis, exit velocity, and blood lactate concentration for temperament classification were collected in addition to feedlot performance data and carcass quality measurements. The GLM and LSM procedures of SAS (SAS 9.4, 2014) were used to evaluate differences between temperament classifications. Pearson correlations were calculated between temperament and performance variables. Steers were divided into three exit velocity classifications, with fast animals (n = 27) having exit velocity greater than one standard deviation from the mean and slow animals (n = 26) having exit velocities lower than one standard deviation from the mean. Feed intake and behavior was monitored for 42 days with GrowSafe feed bunks and average daily gain, dry matter intake and residual feed intake calculated. There were significant differences between the temperament classifications of fast, medium and slow for both exit velocity and blood lactate (P &lt; 0.0001), indicating there was a difference in responses from the classifications. Exit velocity had no effect on any of the growth parameters measured. There was a significant positive correlation between exit velocity and blood lactate (P &lt; 0.0001). RFI was significantly correlated with exit velocity (P = 0. 051) and blood lactate (P &lt; 0.05). This suggests that animals with higher RFI or less efficient animals had more flighty temperaments as determined by blood lactate and exit velocity.

Relation of Statistically Significant, Abnormal, and Typical WAIS-R VIQ-PIQ Discrepancies to Full Scale IQs

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis M. Hsu ◽  
Judy Hayman ◽  
Judith Koch ◽  
Debbie Mandell
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Method ◽  
The United States ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
True Score ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Normative Population ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Quadratic Models

Summary: In the United States' normative population for the WAIS-R, differences (Ds) between persons' verbal and performance IQs (VIQs and PIQs) tend to increase with an increase in full scale IQs (FSIQs). This suggests that norm-referenced interpretations of Ds should take FSIQs into account. Two new graphs are presented to facilitate this type of interpretation. One of these graphs estimates the mean of absolute values of D (called typical D) at each FSIQ level of the US normative population. The other graph estimates the absolute value of D that is exceeded only 5% of the time (called abnormal D) at each FSIQ level of this population. A graph for the identification of conventional “statistically significant Ds” (also called “reliable Ds”) is also presented. A reliable D is defined in the context of classical true score theory as an absolute D that is unlikely (p < .05) to be exceeded by a person whose true VIQ and PIQ are equal. As conventionally defined reliable Ds do not depend on the FSIQ. The graphs of typical and abnormal Ds are based on quadratic models of the relation of sizes of Ds to FSIQs. These models are generalizations of models described in Hsu (1996) . The new graphical method of identifying Abnormal Ds is compared to the conventional Payne-Jones method of identifying these Ds. Implications of the three juxtaposed graphs for the interpretation of VIQ-PIQ differences are discussed.

At Least One Standard Deviation Above the Mean

1969 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 470-471
Author(s):  
M. DAVID MERRILL
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
The Mean

The Estimation of Blood Platelet Survival

1972 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 447-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A Murphy ◽  
M. E Francis ◽  
J. F Mustard
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Experimental Error ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Least Squares Estimation ◽  
Systematic Relationship ◽  
Platelet Survival ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normally Distributed

SummaryThe characteristics of experimental error in measurement of platelet radioactivity have been explored by blind replicate determinations on specimens taken on several days on each of three Walker hounds.Analysis suggests that it is not unreasonable to suppose that error for each sample is normally distributed ; and while there is evidence that the variance is heterogeneous, no systematic relationship has been discovered between the mean and the standard deviation of the determinations on individual samples. Thus, since it would be impracticable for investigators to do replicate determinations as a routine, no improvement over simple unweighted least squares estimation on untransformed data suggests itself.

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