scholarly journals Effects of Starvation on the Levels of Triglycerides, Diacylglycerol, and Activity of Lipase in Male and Female Drosophila Melanogaster

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ved Chauhan ◽  
Asaba Anis ◽  
Abha Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
And Gender

We studied the effects of starvation on changes in neutral lipids in male and female Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) at different ages. When flies were subjected to starvation, the mortality rate was observed to be age- and gender-dependent: male flies died earlier as compared to female flies, and older flies died earlier than younger flies. There was an increase in the number of dead flies and the levels of diacylglycerol (DG) with starvation time. This increase in DG was observed much earlier in male flies as compared to female flies, which correlated with earlier death in male flies during starvation in comparison to female flies. We also analyzed the levels of triglycerides (TG) and lipase activity during starvation of flies. The levels of TG decreased depending upon the duration of starvation in both male and female flies. Interestingly, we observed that like DG, there was also an increase in lipase activity due to starvation, which also correlated with earlier death in male flies as compared to female flies. Our results suggest that increase in DG levels and lipase activity due to starvation may be the main cause of death in the flies.

scholarly journals Profile of Colorectal Tumor in Gastroentero-Hepatology Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Husin Thamrin ◽  
Khafidhotul Ilmiah ◽  
Ni Wajan Tirthaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Colorectal Tumor ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Third ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethical Clearance

Colorectal cancer has became burden in the world.The latest study shows that colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in men and second most common cancer in women globally. There are difference characteristic of epidemiology in every countries. Moreover, there is no study that represents epidemiology of colorectal cancer in Indonesia yet, especially in East Java. The aim of this study was to describe colorectal tumor profile by age and gender in Gastroentero-Hepatology Center, Dr Soetomo Hospital. This study has received a certificate of Ethical Clearance No.273/Panke.KKE/IV/2015, a descriptive retrospective study. We collected data using medical records, and patients who have been colonoscopy examination and suspected colorectal tumor were included. There were 201 patients, divided to 100 males and 101 females. The peak of incidence was on 51-60 years old group, but on the 31-40 years old incidence of colorectal tumor was increased. The youngest patient was 17 years old. And tumors are more likely develop in distal area, especially in rectum. This study shows a different characteristic profile of colorectal tumor, where tumor is developed at young people and there is no significant difference between male and female for the incidence.

scholarly journals AGE AND GENDER WISE DISTRIBUTIONOF RISK FACTORS AMONG PATIENTS WITHCORONORY ARTERY DISEASE.

1969 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-528
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD ASIF IQBAL ◽  
IKRAMULLAH ◽  
ABDUL HADI ◽  
FAROOQ AHMAD ◽  
MUHAMMAD REHANUL HAQ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Conventional Risk Factor ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Conventional Risk Factors

OBJECTIVE: To describe conventional risk factors by age and gender in coronary artery diseasepatients.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted in outdoor patient department of agencyheadquarter hospital (AHQ) Landikotal, Khyber agency, from June to October 2013. It was a hospitalbased descriptive observational study. Sample size was 926 patients with established coronary arterydisease, recruited through purposive convenient sampling technique. Adult patients (above 18 years) ofboth genders with coronary artery disease were included in the study. Every patient was evaluated forthe presence of conventional risk factors. Card vascular risk factors were assessed by a self-administeredquestionnaire and various laboratory tests.RESULTS: Total patients were 926, male were 546(59%). Mean age was 58.28±12.005 years (20-95years). Study population was divided into younger (age <40 years) and older age groups (> 40 years).Younger patients were 66(7.1%) and older age 866(92.9%). Hypertension was present in 563 patients(61.1%) with 59.2%and 63.2% in male and female, respectively (p=0.186). Diabetes was present in29.9% with 27.8% in male and 32.9% in female patients (p=0.098).Hypertension was significantly morecommon in older patients while smoking and heavy fat intake was significantly more common inyounger patients. Other risk factors for CAD were similar across younger and older age groups.CONCLUSION: Conventional risk factor in male and female differ widely with smoking, ex-smoker,heavy fat intake and obesity is significantly more common in male patients, while family history forCAD is common in female patients. Diabetes is higher in 40 years or above patients while smoking ishigher in patients less than 40 years.KEY WORDS: Conventional Risk Factor, Coronary Artery Disease, Age, Gender

scholarly journals Age- and Gender-Related Changes in Ligament Components

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 527-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Osakabe ◽  
M Hayashi ◽  
K Hasegawa ◽  
T Okuaki ◽  
T M Ritty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Female Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Components ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
Cross Links ◽  
Matrix Components ◽  
And Gender

The age- and gender-related changes in extracellular matrix components (elastin, elastin cross-links, fibrillin, collagen and glycoprotein) and mineral components (calcium, Ca; phosphorus, P) in human lumbar yellow ligaments were investigated using samples obtained from surgical specimens. The mineral (Ca and P) contents increased with ageing ( r=0·703 and r=0·772, respectively), whereas the contents of matrix components tended to decrease with ageing (elastin r= −0·261, elastin cross-links r= −0·213, fibrillin r= −0·494; collagen r= −0·322 and glycoprotein r= −0·143). Comparison of the male and female groups revealed that the ligament elastin content and elastin cross-links decreased in the male group, whereas the ligament collagen content decreased in the female group significantly in an age-dependent manner ( r= −0·788, r= −0·753 and r= −0·721, respectively). These findings demonstrate age- and gender-related changes in mineral and matrix components (especially elastin and collagen) in the lumbar yellow ligaments in the Japanese population. It is suggested that elastin and collagen metabolism in ligaments changes both with age and according to gender.

scholarly journals Absence of age and gender effects on the pharmacokinetics of a single 500-milligram oral dose of levofloxacin in healthy subjects.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 1562-1565 ◽  
Author(s):  
S C Chien ◽  
A T Chow ◽  
J Natarajan ◽  
R R Williams ◽  
F A Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Young Males ◽  
And Gender

The influence of age and gender on the pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin in healthy subjects receiving a single oral 500-mg dose of levofloxacin was investigated in this parallel design study. Six young males (aged 18 to 40 years), six elderly males (aged > or = 65 years), six young females (aged 18 to 40 years), and six elderly females (aged > or = 65 years) were enrolled and completed the study. The study reveals that the bioavailability (rate and extent) of levofloxacin was not affected by either age or gender. In both age (young and elderly) and gender (male and female) groups of subjects, peak concentrations in plasma were reached at approximately 1.5 h after dosing; renal clearance of levofloxacin accounted for approximately 77% of total body clearance, and approximately 76% of the administered dose was recovered unchanged in urine over the 36 h of collection. The apparent differences in the calculated pharmacokinetic parameters for levofloxacin between the age groups (young versus elderly) and between the gender groups (males versus females) could be explained by differences in renal function among the subjects. A single dose of 500 mg of levofloxacin administered orally to both young and old, male and female healthy subjects was found to be safe and well tolerated. As the differences in levofloxacin kinetics between the young and the elderly or the males and the females are limited and are mainly related to the renal function of the subjects, dose adjustment based on age or gender alone is not necessary.

Mining the Blogosphere: Age, gender and the varieties of self-expression

First Monday ◽  
2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shlomo Argamon ◽  
Moshe Koppel ◽  
James W. Pennebaker ◽  
Jonathan Schler
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
English Text ◽  
Primary Result ◽  
Writing Style ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
And Gender

The growth of the blogosphere offers an unprecedented opportunity to study language and how people use it on a large scale. We present an analysis of over 140 million words of English text drawn from the blogosphere, exploring if and how age and gender affect writing style and topic. Our primary result is that a number of stylistic and content-based indicators are significantly affected by both age and gender, and that the main difference between older and younger bloggers, and between male and female bloggers, lies in the extent to which their discourse is outer- or inner-directed. In fact, the linguistic factors that increase in use with age are just those used more by males of any age, and conversely, those that decrease in use with age are those used more by females of any age.

scholarly journals Growth Hormone (GH) Secretion in Patients with an Inactivating Defect of the GH-Releasing Hormone (GHRH) Receptor Is Pulsatile: Evidence for a Role for Non-GHRH Inputs into the Generation of GH Pulses

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 2459-2464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Roelfsema ◽  
Nienke R. Biermasz ◽  
Ronald Groote Veldman ◽  
Johannes D. Veldhuis ◽  
Marijke Frölich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Ghrh Receptor ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Plasma Gh

GH secretion is regulated by the interaction of GHRH and somatostatin and is released in 10–20 pulses in each 24-h cycle. The exact roles in pulse generation played by somatostatin, GHRH, and the recently isolated GH-releasing peptide, Ghrelin, are not fully elucidated. To investigate the GHRH-mediated GH secretion in human, we investigated pulsatile, entropic, and 24-h rhythmic GH secretion in two young adults (male, 24 yr; female, 23 yr) from a Moroccan family with a novel inactivating defect of the GHRH receptor gene. Data were compared with values in age- and gender-matched controls. Plasma GH concentration were measured by a sensitive immunofluorometric assay, with a detection limit of 0.01 mU/L. All plasma GH concentrations in the female patient were measurable; in the male patient 30 of 145 samples were at or below the detection limit. GH secretion was pulsatile, with 21 and 23 secretory episodes/24 h in the male and female patients, respectively. The fraction of basal to total GH secretion was raised in both patients by 0.18 and 0.15, respectively. The total 24-h GH production rate was greatly diminished; in the male patient it was 6.9 mU/L (normal values for his age, 26–63 mU/L), and in the female patient it was 4.2 mU/L (normal values for her age, 96–390 mU/L). The nyctohemeral plasma GH rhythm was preserved (P &lt; 0.001), with normal acrophases (0430 and 0218 h in the male and female, respectively). Approximate entropy was greatly elevated in both subjects (0.82 in the male and 1.17 in the female; upper normal values for age and gender, 0.24 and 0.59, respectively). Intravenous injection of 50 μg GHRH failed to increase the plasma GH concentration in both patients, but 100 μg GH-releasing peptide-2 elicited a definite increase (male patient, 0.13 to 1.74 mU/L; female patient, 0.29 to 0.87 mU/L). Both patients had a partial empty sella on magnetic resonance imaging scanning. In summary, the present studies in two patients with a profound loss of function mutation of the GHRH receptor favor the view that in the human the timing of GH pulses is primarily supervised by intermittent somatostatin withdrawal, and the amplitude of GH pulses is driven by GHRH. In addition, we infer that effectual GHRH input controls the GH cell mass and the orderliness of the secretory process.

scholarly journals MORTALIDADE PREMATURA POR DOENÇAS DO APARELHO CIRCULATÓRIO EM PALMAS, TOCANTINS

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Gustavo Iago Silva Bezerra ◽  
Érico Bezerra De Sena ◽  
Kelly Cristina Gomes Alves
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Married Individuals ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Circulatory Diseases

Introdução: As Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DNCT) representam a principal causa de morte no mundo, principalmente em populações de baixa renda. Destacam-se as doenças do aparelho circulatório, respondendo, no Brasil, por 31% do total de óbitos. Objetivos: Identificar os óbitos por doenças do aparelho circulatório e investigar os fatores de risco em Palmas, Tocantins, no período de 2011 a 2013. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal e descritivo. Os dados foram coletados dos relatórios de óbitos por Doenças do Aparelho Circulatório da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Palmas ocorridos em 2011 a 2013. As variáveis utilizadas foram causa básica de óbito, idade, raça/cor, escolaridade e sexo. Foram determinados as taxas de mortalidade e o perfil dos óbitos através do programa estatístico SPSS versão 22.0. Resultados: A taxa média da mortalidade por doenças do aparelho circulatório foi 76,04 óbitos/100.000 habitantes, com concentração dos óbitos na faixa etária de 70 anos ou mais, no sexo masculino, raça/cor parda, baixa escolaridade e em indivíduos casados. Conclusão: No período estudado observou-se aumento na taxa de mortalidade por doenças do aparelho circulatório em Palmas. Além disso, uma parcela significativa dos óbitos ocorreu precocemente, com menos de 70 anos, indicando a necessidade de intensificação das ações promotoras da saúde e preventivas para as doenças crônicas.Palavras-chave: Mortalidade prematura; doenças cardiovasculares; doenças crônicas; Determinantes Sociais da Saúde. ABSTRACT Introduction: The Chronic Non communicable Diseases for the main cause of death in the world, especially in low-income populations. Highlights include circulatory diseases, accounting for 31% of all deaths in Brazil. Objective: To identify deaths from circulatory diseases system and investigate the profile of the deaths in Palmas, Tocantins, in the period from 2011 to 2013. Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study. Data were collected from death reports by circulatory diseases system of the Town Health Secretary of Palmas that took place in 2011-2013 and its records. The variables used were the basic cause of death, age, race/color, education and gender.  The mortality rate and profile of the deaths were determined through the statistical program SPSS version 22.0. Results: The mortality diseases of the circulatory system have an average in the three years to 76.04 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, with a concentration of deaths in the age group of 70 years and over, in males, brown-skinned, low education level and in married individuals. Conclusion: In the studied period, there was an increase in the mortality rate due to diseases of the circulatory system in Palmas. In addition, a significant number of deaths occurred early, less than 70 years of age, indicating the need for intensification of preventive and health-promoting actions focused on chronic diseases. Keywords: Mortality premature; Cardiovascular Diseases, Social Determinants of Health.

scholarly journals Shooting Parameters of Biathletes in Various Age Groups in 2011–2012 World Championships

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (86) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Kreivėnaitė
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Adult Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Youth Group ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Youth Groups ◽  
Gender Research ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups

Research background and hypothesis. Physical fitness problems in biathlon are quite extensively discussed, but biathlon shooting in Lithuania is not analyzed enough. The special literature lacks information about the shooting parameters that leaders demonstrate in the world biathlon championships. Moreover, shooting parameters in different age and gender groups have not been analyzed enough. The hypothesis that shooting parameters in adult, youth and junior age group biathletes would differ was tested. Research aim. The aim of our study was to analyze shooting parameters of biathletes in various age groups in 2011–2012 world championships and reveal fundamental differences in the aspects of age and gender. Research methods. Research participants were youths (age: 17–18 years), juniors (age: 19–20 years) and adults (age: 21–41 years), male and female biathletes. The number of subjects was 2175. Descriptive statistical methods were used for data analysis.Research results. Data analysis revealed the main differences in shooting parameters between adult, junior and youth groups, male and female biathletes. Also, comparison of shooting parameters between biathletes in various age groups and leaders in the same group was carried out. Discussion and conclusions. Our research revealed that the highest shooting accuracy was observed in adult male and female biathlete groups (p < 0.025). The shooting accuracy of junior and youth female biathletes was higher than that in the junior and youth male groups (p < 0.05). The longest average shooting time was in youth group (p < 0.001). The shooting time of biathletes in adult group was the shortest. We found that male biathletes in various age groups performed shots in less time compared to female biathletes (p < 0.05). Research results revealed that shooting parameters among leaders statistically significantly differed comparing them with the average shooting parameters in the group (p < 0.05).Keywords: biathlon, shooting accuracy, shooting time.

An investigation of age and gender differences in children’s preferences underlying choice

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie A. Yeh ◽  
Robert D. Jewell ◽  
Cesar Zamudio
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Conjoint Analysis ◽  
Preference Structure ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Age And Gender Differences ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Choice Tasks

PurposeThis study aims to investigate age and gender differences in young consumers’ attribute preferences that underlie their choice decisions. This research proposes and finds that attribute preferences are moderated by age but not gender. Understanding how children at different ages evaluate a product’s attributes is essential to new children’s product development.Design/methodology/approachHierarchical Bayesian choice-based conjoint analysis was used to assess attribute importance via a series of choice tasks among children and adults. Adults completed the study by survey, whereas children were interviewed and led through the choice tasks.FindingsThis research finds that the preference structure for a product’s attributes differs systematically based on the age of children. Younger children chose based on perceptually salient attributes of a product, whereas older children chose based on cognitively salient attributes. When children’s attribute preferences are compared to adults, older children value attributes more similarly to adults than younger children. While gender differences were proposed and found, further analysis indicated that these differences were driven by adults in the sample and that no gender differences existed in the children’s age categories.Originality/valueThis study is the first to study children’s preference structure in complex choices with different ages preferring different attributes. By using conjoint analysis, this research is able to understand children’s underlying decision process, as utility scores are obtained providing a level of precision for understanding the underlying process of children’s choices that other studies have not used.

Length of the Human Vocal Folds: Proposal of Mathematical Equations as a Function of Gender and Body Height

2005 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. 390-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Aragão Ximenes Filho ◽  
Erich Christiano Madruga de Melo ◽  
Christiano de Giacomo Carneiro ◽  
Domingos Hiroshi Tsuji ◽  
Luiz Ubirajara Sennes
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Mathematical Equation ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Expected Length ◽  
Mathematical Equations ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

To obtain a mathematical equation that could estimate the length of the intermembranous part of the vocal fold as a function of body height and gender, we removed the larynges from 39 cadavers (22 men and 17 women) after recording the subject's height, age, and cause of death. The dimensions of the vocal folds were determined with a digital pachymeter. The following equations were obtained: y = 0.18x − 15.8 for men and y = 0.24x − 28.1 for women, where y is the length of the intermembranous part of the vocal folds in millimeters and x is the height of the individual in centimeters. We conclude that it is possible to estimate the normal expected length of the intermembranous portion of the male and female vocal folds on the basis of body height.

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