scholarly journals Optimal Model of Emergency Medical Supplies Stowage under Traffic Control during the Initial Period of the Epidemic Based on Characteristics Analysis of COVID-19 Epidemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Xiaoyuan Wu ◽  
Fengping Wu ◽  
Mengke Li ◽  
Yingwen Ji
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Optimal Decision ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Epidemic Period ◽  
Epidemic Area ◽  
The Impact

In the initial stage, the epidemic area is relatively concentrated, and some traffic modes may be subject to traffic control. In this period, the timely delivery of adequate emergency medical supplies to the epidemic points will play an important role in controlling the spread of the epidemic. However, the existing emergency medical supplies loading optimization model has not taken the initial period of the epidemic as the research time nor fully considered the traffic control situation in that period. Therefore, combined with the characteristics of the initial epidemic period of COVID-19, this study establishes an optimization model for emergency medical supplies stowage at the rescue point, considering the variation in demand for different kinds of medical supplies at the epidemic point in different cycles and the impact of traffic control on the mode of transportation. The model is an integer programming model. The objective function is the least total cost, including total transportation cost and total inventory cost. The constraints include the supply limit of each medical material that can be provided by the rescue point, the transportation capacity limit of the transportation mode, the demand constraints, inventory constraints, nonnegative constraints, and integer variable constraints of various medical supplies in each cycle of the epidemic location. Finally, combining the development of the epidemic situation in Wuhan January 18–23, 2020, a case study was carried out, and the optimal combination of different transportation modes and different stowage schemes in different periods of the rescue point was obtained, which verified the feasibility and practicality of the model. The model constructed in this study can provide a theoretical reference to the optimal decision-making plan of emergency medical supplies of the implementation of traffic control during the initial period of emergency public health events.

Collaboration optimization model of dynamic traffic control and guidance based on Internet of Vehicles

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (22) ◽  
pp. 1850253
Author(s):  
Zhi-Yuan Sun ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Wen-Cong Qu ◽  
Yan-Yan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Internet Of Vehicles ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Level Model ◽  
Upper Level

In order to improve the comprehensive effect of Urban Traffic Control System (UTCS) and Urban Traffic Flow Guidance System (UTFGS), this paper puts forward a collaboration optimization model of dynamic traffic control and guidance based on Internet of Vehicles (IOV). With consideration of dynamic constraints of UTCS and UTFGS, UTCS is taken as the fast variable, and UTFGS is taken as the slow variable in the collaboration optimization modeling. The conception of Variable Cycle Management (VCM) is presented to solve the mathematical modeling problem under the background of the two variables. A unified framework for VCM is proposed based on IOV. The delay and travel time are calculated based on lane-group-based cell transmission model (LGCTM). The collaboration optimization problem is abstracted into a tri-level programming model. The upper level model is a cycle length optimization model based on multi-objective programming. The middle level model is a dynamic signal control decision model based on fairness analysis. The lower level model is a user equilibrium model based on average travel time. A Heuristic Iterative Optimization Algorithm (HIOA) is set up to solve the tri-level programming model. The upper level model is solved by Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA II), the middle level model and the lower level model are solved by Method of Successive Averages (MSA). A case study shows the efficiency and applicability of the proposed model and algorithm.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on College Students' Consumption Behaviors

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Xiaoran Chu
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Consumer Group ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Catering Industry ◽  
Epidemic Period ◽  
Delivery Services ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic has hit global economy, and it has also greatly affected all industries with college students as the core consumer group. Through the questionnaire survey, this paper found that during the epidemic period, college students' consumption in catering and tourism decreased significantly, the utilization rate of supermarket flash delivery services was not high, and they were not satisfied with the services provided by online education. In terms of college students' consumption tendency after the epidemic, their willingness to consume in catering industry is relatively strong, while their willingness to consume in tourism is not high. The overall consumption level of college students has been on the rise during the epidemic period, with specific increases in online spending on education, daily necessities, online shopping and medical supplies, and decreases in catering, offline retail and traffic tour. Based on the problems found and the development rules of the industries, this paper puts forward corresponding operational countermeasures for the operators of the above industries to help them better carry out the post-epidemic recovery work.

scholarly journals Analysis of Drone Fleet Type and Quantity for Medical Package Distribution in Emergency System

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Yujie Jiang ◽  
Shizhong Ma ◽  
Shilong Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Integer Programming ◽  
Mixed Integer Programming ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Iso Standard ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Emergency System

In order to cope with the disasters caused by the worst hurricane in Puerto Rico in 2017, it is necessary to build an emergency system to reduce the losses. An emergency system should include the location of ISO standard dry cargo containers and the distribution of emergency medical packages. This paper discusses the distribution of emergency medical package. Based on the above location results of ISO standard dry cargo container, taking the demand of disaster areas not exceed its supply into consideration and considering the timeliness and weak economy, a multi-objective mixed integer programming model is constructed on the premise of minimum transportation time and cost. It is determined that the drone fleet consists of four B, one C and one F drones. Through the optimization model, the distribution plan of emergency medical packages is formulated.

scholarly journals Optimization Model of Traffic Sensor Layout considering Traffic Big Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xu Sun ◽  
Zixiu Bai ◽  
Kun Lin ◽  
Pengpeng Jiao ◽  
HuaPu Lu
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Traffic Information ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
System Cost ◽  
The Impact

In order to improve the accuracy, reliability, and economy of urban traffic information collection, an optimization model of traffic sensor layout is proposed in this paper. Considering the impact of traffic big data, a set of impact factors for traffic sensor layout is established, including system cost, multisource data sharing, data demand, sensor failures, road infrastructure, and sensor type. The impacts of these influential factors are taken into account in the traffic sensor layout optimization problem, which is formulated in the form of multiobjective programming model that includes minimum system cost, maximum truncation flow, minimum path coverage, and an origin-destination (OD) coverage constraint. The model is solved by the tolerant lexicographic method based on a genetic algorithm. A case study shows that the model reflects the influence of multisource data sharing and fault conditions and satisfies the origin-destination coverage constraint to achieve the multiobjective optimization of traffic sensor layout.

Research on the Improved Algorithm of Transit Signal Priority Based on Bi-Objective Optimization Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 380-384 ◽  
pp. 1641-1644
Author(s):  
Tian Hong Gu ◽  
Hui Jian Cao
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Signal Timing ◽  
Transit Signal Priority ◽  
Constraint Condition ◽  
Arterial Road ◽  
Traffic Signal Timing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Urban Arterial

Optimization of adaptive traffic signal timing is one of the most complex problems in traffic control systems. In order to obtain control parameters of transit signal priority of the urban roads, a bi-objective optimization model for signal timing is established. The delay and stop times as the goal of optimization are calculated respectively. And the corresponding constraint condition is built. The method can optimize green splits and offset at the urban arterial road. A VISSIM simulation was developed to evaluate the performance of the proposed bi-objective optimization model. The results show that the optimizer can produce TSP timing plans that benefit the transit vehicles while minimizing the impact of TSP on the general vehicles.

Gendered Impact of Corruption in Healthcare Service Delivery in Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yetunde A. Aluko
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Women's Voices ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Poor Women ◽  
Level Information ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Threatening Situation ◽  
The Impact

This paper supports the hypothesis that corruption and non-delivery of services in key sectors such as health have gender-specific poverty consequences. The study utilized qualitative micro-level information about the structures of corruption and its impact on poor women. Respondents expressed their perceptions on the occurrence of corrupt practices in public health care system and its wider impact on society. The findings revealed that the impact of corruption is felt disproportionately by women and the poor, who are most dependent on public services, and have no alternative even when facing corrupt practices in a life threatening situation, such as complicated birth delivery. Pregnant women denied access to doctors tended to deliver at home, which increased the likelihood of complications and maternal and child mortality. Medical supplies meant for public hospitals are sold to private clinics who charge more for drugs and supplies. There is need to strengthen sectoral oversight mechanisms and transparency as well as increase women’s voices in service delivery.

scholarly journals Efficient Operative Cost Reduction in Distribution Grids Considering the Optimal Placement and Sizing of D-STATCOMs Using a Discrete-Continuous VSA

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2175
Author(s):  
Oscar Danilo Montoya ◽  
Walter Gil-González ◽  
Jesus C. Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Objective Function ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Solution Space ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Solution Vector ◽  
The Impact

The problem of reactive power compensation in electric distribution networks is addressed in this research paper from the point of view of the combinatorial optimization using a new discrete-continuous version of the vortex search algorithm (DCVSA). To explore and exploit the solution space, a discrete-continuous codification of the solution vector is proposed, where the discrete part determines the nodes where the distribution static compensator (D-STATCOM) will be installed, and the continuous part of the codification determines the optimal sizes of the D-STATCOMs. The main advantage of such codification is that the mixed-integer nonlinear programming model (MINLP) that represents the problem of optimal placement and sizing of the D-STATCOMs in distribution networks only requires a classical power flow method to evaluate the objective function, which implies that it can be implemented in any programming language. The objective function is the total costs of the grid power losses and the annualized investment costs in D-STATCOMs. In addition, to include the impact of the daily load variations, the active and reactive power demand curves are included in the optimization model. Numerical results in two radial test feeders with 33 and 69 buses demonstrate that the proposed DCVSA can solve the MINLP model with best results when compared with the MINLP solvers available in the GAMS software. All the simulations are implemented in MATLAB software using its programming environment.

scholarly journals Three doors anomaly, “should I stay, or should I go”: an artefactual field experiment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Morone ◽  
Rocco Caferra ◽  
Alessia Casamassima ◽  
Alessandro Cascavilla ◽  
Paola Tiranzoni
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Bayesian Updating ◽  
Anomalous Behavior ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Illusion Of Control ◽  
Optimal Decision ◽  
Status Quo Bias ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis work aims to identify and quantify the biases behind the anomalous behavior of people when they deal with the Three Doors dilemma, which is a really simple but counterintuitive game. Carrying out an artefactual field experiment and proposing eight different treatments to isolate the anomalies, we provide new interesting experimental evidence on the reasons why subjects fail to take the optimal decision. According to the experimental results, we are able to quantify the size and the impact of three main biases that explain the anomalous behavior of participants: Bayesian updating, illusion of control and status quo bias.

scholarly journals Multiobjective Optimization Model for Collaborative En-Route and Slot Allocation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Shangwen Yang ◽  
Jingting Zhang ◽  
Ping Chen ◽  
Yongjie Yan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Numerical Test ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Slot Allocation ◽  
Collaborative Decision Making ◽  
Average Delay ◽  
Flight Delay ◽  
Collaborative Decision

To allocate the en-routes and slots resource to the flights with collaborative decision-making, a multiobjective 0-1 integer programming model was proposed. According to different demands from air traffic control departments, airlines, and passengers, efficiency, equity, and effectiveness principles of collaborative decision-making were considered. With the aim to minimize the total flight delay costs, the total number of turning points, and average delay time of passengers, the effectiveness constraints were achieved. The algorithm was designed to solve the model on the basis of the objective method, and Lingo11 and MatlabR2007b were applied in numerical tests. To test how well the model works in real world, a numerical test was performed based on the simulated data of a civil en-route. Test results show that, compared with the traditional strategy of first come first served, the model gains better effect. The superiority of the model was verified.

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