scholarly journals Quality and Safety of Rural Community Drinking Water Sources in Guto Gida District, Oromia, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Motuma Tessema Abegaz ◽  
Mulissa Jida Midekssa
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Dug Well

The quality of drinking water has always been a major public health concern, especially in developing countries where access to improved water supply and sanitation is very low. This study aimed to assess the bacteriological and physicochemical quality of rural community drinking water sources in the Guto Gida district. A cross-sectional study was conducted in selected rural areas of the district from January to June 2016. Water samples were collected from four types of sources (protected dug well, open dug well, protected spring, and open spring) found in 8 locations of the study area. The membrane filtration technique was employed to determine the total coliform and faecal coliform load of the samples. The physicochemical characteristics such as total dissolved solid (TDS), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, temperature, color, iron, manganese, lead, fluoride, zinc, sulphate, nitrate, and phosphate were analyzed following the American Public Health Association and WHO standard protocols. Our results revealed that 90.6% and 87.5% of water samples were positive for total coliform and faecal coliform, respectively. Thus, the majority of the studied water sources could be classified as polluted with respect to coliform load. Our results also have shown that most of the water sources showed marginally tolerable quality with respect to color, EC, TDS, turbidity, nitrate, sulphate, and phosphate. However, the protected sources had poor quality in zinc, lead, iron, manganese, and pH with values above the permissible levels. Thus, the drinking water source quality of the study areas requires appropriate interventions such as improving the existing water source infrastructure and access to sanitation services.

scholarly journals Borehole water: a potential health risk to rural communities in South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Taonameso ◽  
L. S. Mudau ◽  
A. N. Traoré ◽  
N. Potgieter
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Point Mapping ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mapping Tool

Abstract Sporadic outbreaks of diarrhoea in children in the Vhembe rural areas could be an indication of contamination in drinking water sources. In areas where improved water sources are used, not all rural households experience the benefits of these improved water sources. Water samples were collected from boreholes in three wards in the Vhembe District to determine microbiological risks over a 5-month period. A Water Point Mapping tool was used to indicate the borehole distribution. Water samples were taken from each functional borehole and analysed for total coliform and Escherichia coli counts, electrical conductivity, pH and temperature. A multiplex PCR protocol was used for identification of pathogenic E. coli. A total of 125 boreholes were identified of which only 12 were functional. Seven boreholes tested positive for total coliforms and E. coli counts. Four boreholes (33.3%) tested positive for diarrhoeagenic E. coli. Fifty-eight percent (58%) of water samples were without health risks, 17% were low risk and 25% could cause infection according to the South African water quality standards. This study indicated the importance of the role of the Municipalities and the maintenance plans that need to ensure that all boreholes are functional and provide safe drinking water to the rural communities.

scholarly journals Domestic drinking water management: Quality assessment in Oforikrom municipality, Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 003685042110359
Author(s):  
Eugene Appiah-Effah ◽  
Emmanuel Nketiah Ahenkorah ◽  
Godwin Armstrong Duku ◽  
Kwabena Biritwum Nyarko
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Water Quality Analysis ◽  
Microbial Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water Sources

Drinking water in Ghana is estimated at 79%, but this only represents the proportion of the population with access to improved drinking water sources without regard to the quality of water consumed. This study investigated the quality of household drinking water sources in the Oforikrom municipality where potable water requirements are on the rise due to an ever-increasing population. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were employed in this study. One Hundred households were randomly selected and interviewed on the available options for drinking water and household water treatment and safe storage. A total of 52 points of collection (POC) and 97 points of use (POU) water samples from households were collected for physicochemical and microbial water quality analysis. Amongst the available drinking water options, sachet water (46%) was mostly consumed by households. Water quality analysis revealed that the physicochemical parameters of all sampled drinking water sources were within the Ghana Standards Authority (GSA) recommended values expected for pH (ranging from 4.50 to 7.50). For the drinking water sources, bottled (100%, n = 2) and sachet water (91%, n = 41) showed relatively good microbial water quality. Generally, POC water samples showed an improved microbial water quality in comparison to POU water samples. About 38% ( n = 8) of the households practicing water quality management, were still exposed to unsafe drinking water sources. Households should practice good water quality management at the domestic level to ensure access to safe drinking water. This may include the use of chlorine-based disinfectants to frequently disinfect boreholes, wells and storage facilities at homes.

Methodology for estimating the state of non-centralized sources of drinking water supply in an emergency socio-economic situation

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
С.В. Капранов
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
The State ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Grading Scale

Целью работы явилось обоснование необходимости организации и проведения на конкурсной основе благоустройства нецентрализованных водоисточников с использованием разработанной методики комплексной гигиенической и экологической оценки состояния нецентрализованных источников питьевого водоснабжения в условиях чрезвычайной ситуации. В работе использованы результаты многолетнего санитарно-гигиенического обследования и лабораторных исследований воды коллективных источников нецентрализованного питьевого водоснабжения. Определены следующие основные показатели для комплексной гигиенической и экологической оценки состояния нецентрализованных водоисточников: степень соответствия водоисточника установленным санитарно-гигиеническим и санитарно-техническим нормам и требованиям; соблюдение зон санитарной охраны; санитарно-просветительное, эстетическое и художественное оформление водоисточников; уровень благоустройства территории, окружающей водоисточники; качество воды водоисточников по результатам лабораторных исследований за определенный период. По каждому из пяти показателей предусмотрена оценка по 12-балльной шкале с последующим суммированием баллов с целью получения итогового результата комплексной оценки. Учитывая успешное проведение конкурса по благоустройству нецентрализованных источников водоснабжения с использованием разработанной методики комплексной гигиенической и экологической оценки состояния нецентрализованных источников питьевого водоснабжения в районе с резким дефицитом питьевой водопроводной воды, рекомендовано опыт проведения данного мероприятия распространить на другие административные территории, находящиеся в подобной ситуации. The work objective was substantiating the need to arrange and conduct, on a competitive basis, the improvement of non-centralized water sources using the developed methodology for a comprehensive hygienic and environmental estimation of the state of non-centralized sources of drinking water supply in an emergency. The work uses the results of many years of sanitary and hygienic survey and laboratory studies of water from communal sources of non-centralized drinking water supply. The following main indicators have been determined for a comprehensive hygienic and environmental estimation of the state of non-centralized water sources: the degree of compliance of the water source with the established sanitary, hygienic and sanitary technical regulations and requirements; compliance with the sanitary protection zones; the sanitary and educational, aesthetic and artistic design of water sources; the level of improvement of the territory surrounding the water sources; the water quality of the water sources according to the results of laboratory tests for a certain period. Each of the five indicators was estimated according to the 12-point grading scale with the subsequent summation of points in order to provide for the final result of a comprehensive estimation. Considering the successful holding of a competitive tender for the improvement of non-centralized water supply sources using the developed methodology for a comprehensive hygienic and environmental estimation of the state of non-centralized drinking water supply sources in an area with severe shortages of drinking tap water, extending the experience of these measures to other administrative territories in a similar situation is recommended.

scholarly journals Hubungan Faktor Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) dengan Stunting di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kotakulon, Kabupaten Bondowoso

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Alfadhila Khairil Sinatrya ◽  
Lailatul Muniroh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Public Health Center ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene

Background: In 2017 prevalence of stunting in, Indonesia reached 29.6% and Bondowoso District was one of district that contributes the third higher prevalence, amounted 38.3%. One of underlying cause of stunting were water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH).Objectives: This research aims to analyze the correlation between WASH with stunting among children aged 24 - 59 months in working area of Kotakulon Public Health Center, Bondowoso District.Methods: This was an observational analytic study with case-control design. The sample size of this research was 66 children aged 24 to 59 months in working area of Kotakulon Public Health Center, Bondowoso District. This case-control study consisted of 33 children in case group and 33 children sample of contro groupl. The dependent variable was stunting status, while the independent variables were drinking water source, quality of drinking water, the ownership of lathrines, and mother’s handwashing habits. The data were analyzed using chi-square test.Results: Hand washing habit (p<0.001; OR=0.12) was a risk factor of stunting in under-five years old  which has risk 0.12 times higher for mother that has a poor handwashing habit, while drinking water source (p=0.41), quality of drinking source (p=0.58), the ownership of lathrines (p=0.22) were not accunted as a risk of stunting.Conclusions: A poor handwashing habit in mother contribute to stunting in working area of Kotakulon Public Health Center, Bondowoso District.ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Pada tahun 2017, prevalensi stunting di Indonesia mencapai angka 29,6% dan Kabupaten Bondowoso adalah kabupaten yang menyumbang angka tertinggi ketiga di Jawa Timur yaitu sebesar 38,3% balita stunting. Salah satu penyebab tidak langsung dari stunting adalah faktor water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH).Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk enganalisis hubungan WASH dengan stunting pada anak usia 24 – 59 bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kotakulon, Kabupaten Bondowoso.Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah observasional analitik dengan desain kasus kontrol. Besar sampel penelitian yaitu 66 balita usia 24 – 59 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kotakulon, Kabupaten Bondowoso. Penelitian kasus kontrol ini terdiri dari sampel kasus sebanyak 33 balita yang mengalami stunting dan sampel kontrol sebanyak 33 balita yang tidak mengalami stunting. Variabel dependen adalah kejadian stunting. Variabel independen adalah WASH, meliputi sumber air minum, kualitas fisik air minum, kepemilikan jamban, dan kebiasaan cuci tangan ibu. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square.Hasil: Kebiasaan cuci tangan (p<0,001; OR=0,12) adalah faktor risiko dari stunting pada balita dengan besar risiko 0,12 kali lebih tinggi bagi ibu yang memiliki kebiasaan cuci tangan kurang baik, sedangkan sumber air minum (p=0,415), kualitas fisik air minum (p=0,58), kepemilikan jamban (p=0,22) bukan merupakan faktor risiko dari stunting.Kesimpulan: Kebiasaan cuci tangan yang buruk pada ibu berkontribusi terhadap kejadian stunting di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kotakulon Kabupaten Bondowoso.

scholarly journals Hubungan Kejadian Karies Gigi dengan Konsumsi Air Minum pada Masyarakat di Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-218
Author(s):  
Made Ayu Lely Suratri ◽  
Tince Arniati Jovina ◽  
Indirawati Tjahja Notohartojo
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Fluorine Content ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Dug Well

AbstractThe prevalence of dental caries in Indonesia is quite high, the results of the 2013 Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) population in Indonesian with 25,9% problems with their teeth and mouth. The average dental caries measured by the DMF-T index was 4.6, which means that the average Indonesian population has experienced tooth decay as much as 5 teeth per person. Dental caries can occur due to low dental and oral hygiene, and less exposure to fluorida. The incidence of dental caries is also related to the fluorine content contained in drinking water. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between dental caries and drinking water consumption in Indonesia. This study is a non-intervention research with cross-sectional design conducted by the National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia through Riskesdas 2013. The study population was all Indonesians aged ≥ 12 years in 33 provinces, 497 districts/cities. Collecting Dental data is done by conducting interviews and oral and dental examinations. The results showed that almost all types of drinking water sources can cause dental caries except the type of drinking water from refill water, with p> 0,05 (p = 0,178) and retail tap water, with p> 0,05 (p = 0.307) and also almost all types of water sources that are widely used for household needs can cause dental caries except the type of water source from dug well is protected, with p> 0,05 (p = 0,979), where OR: 1,026 (CI 95 %: 0.979-1.076). The Conclusio is the incidence of dental caries has to do with at the drinking water except the type of drinking water from refill water. AbstrakPrevalensi karies gigi di Indonesia cukup tinggi, hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) tahun 2013 penduduk Indonesia yang bermasalah dengan gigi dan mulutnya sebesar 25,9%. Rata-rata karies gigi yang diukur dengan indeks DMF-T sebesar 4,6 yang berarti rata-rata penduduk Indonesia telah mengalami kerusakan gigi sebanyak 5 gigi per orang. Karies gigi dapat terjadinya karena rendahnya kebersihan gigi dan mulut, dan kurang terpaparnya dengan fluorida. Kejadian karies gigi berhubungan juga dengan kandungan fluor yang terdapat dalam air minum. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kejadian karies gigi dengan konsumsi air minum masyarakat di Indonesia. Metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non intervensi dengan desain penelitian potong lintang yang dilaksanakan oleh Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia melalui Riskesdas Tahun 2013. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh penduduk Indonesia yang berusia ≥ 12 tahun di 33 provinsi, 497 kabupaten/kota. Pengumpulan data gigi dilakukan dengan melakukan wawancara dan pemeriksaan gigi dan mulut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hampir semua jenis sumber air minum dapat menyebabkan terjadinya karies gigi kecuali jenis air minum dari air isi ulang, dengan nilai p>0,05 (p= 0,178) dan air ledeng eceran, dengan nilai p>0,05 (p= 0,307) dan juga hampir semua jenis sumber air yang banyak dipergunakan untuk kebutuhan rumah tangga dapat menyebabkan terjadinya karies gigi kecuali jenis sumber air dari sumur gali terlindungi, dengan nilai p>0,05 (p= 0,979), dimana OR: 1,026 (CI 95%: 0,979-1,076). Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan kejadian karies gigi ada hubungannya dengan konsumsi air minum kecuali jenis air minum dari air isi ulang.

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical and Bacteriological Quality of Drinking Water Sources in Calabar Municipality, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
B. E. Agbo ◽  
A. V. Ogar ◽  
U. L. Akpan ◽  
C. I. Mboto
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Faecal Coliform ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Mean

This study evaluated the physico-chemical and the bacteriological quality of five different sources of drinking water in Calabar metropolis, Nigeria, to give a fair geographical representative of the town and to contribute to our understanding of the quality of drinking water in the metropolis. The physico-chemical characteristics such as pH, temperature, turbidity, conductivity, colour, Iron, dissolved oxygen, Calcium, Magnesium, alkalinity, total hardness, Manganese, Sulphate, Chloride, Phosphate, Sodium, Zinc, Copper, total dissolved solid, Nitrate, Nitrite, Ammonia, Ammonium and Potassium were determined following the procedures prescribed by American Public Health Association Standard Method. The bacteriological analysis was carried out using the standard microbiological standard for analysis of water for total and faecal coliform count. The mean temperature of the evaluated waters ranged from 23.03°C-29.3°C, mean pH ranged from 4.37-6.76, while turbidity had a mean range of 0.16 NTU-4.13 NTU. Conductivity ranged between 39.29 µs/cm - 120.7 µs/cm, dissolved oxygen with 13.30 mg/L - 4.19 mg/L, total dissolved solids ranged from 72.4 mg/L -23.5 mg/L, while the mean for iron concentration ranged from 0.12 mg/L - 0.99 mg/L. Similarly, the mean for total hardness was 34.2 mg/L - 17.1 mg/L and 7.93 mg/L - 6.71 mg/L for total alkalinity. Others includes Manganese (0.88 mg/L - 0.02 mg/L), Magnesium (16.5 mg/L - 9.9 mg/L), Calcium (9.77 mg/L - 7.20 mg/L, Nitrate (14.6 mg/L - 3.66 mg/L), Nitrite (0.076 mg/L -0.009 mg/L), Ammonia (0.89 mg/L - 0.25 mg/L), Ammonium (0.52 mg/L - 0.013 mg/L), Zinc (1.01 mg/L - 0.34 mg/L), Chloride (5.73 mg/L - 0.364 mg/L), Fluoride (0.76 mg/L - 0.277 mg/L), Copper (0.61 mg/L - 0.18 mg/L), Sodium (2.73 mg/L - 0.180 mg/L), potassium (5.73 mg/L - 2.0 mg/L), Sulphate (14.8 mg/L - 3.69 mg/L and Phosphate with 4.8 mg/L - 3.69 mg/L. The total coliform count for bottled water ranged between 2.00 cfu/100 mL – 19.00 cfu/100 mL, the total coliform range for sachet water were 6.00 cfu/100 mL and 15.00 cfu/100 mL and no faecal coliform was detected. Public water had no growth at all, the stream and borehole bacteriological analysis ranged from 27x101 cfu/ mL - 55x101 cfu/mL and 12 cfu/100 mL - 33 cfu/100 mL for total coliform respectively. Faecal coliform ranged from 15x101 cfu/ mL - 52x101 cfu/ mL for stream and 9.00 cfu100/ mL – 16.00 cfu/100 mL for borehole. A total of seven (7) different bacteria species were isolated from the sampled drinking water sources. These included Proteus spp., Streptococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp., E.coli, Chromobacter spp., Salmonella spp. and Enterococcus spp. This study reveals a high level of poor quality sources of water in the metropolis and makes need for urgent health intervention.

scholarly journals Ascertaining the Bacteriological Quality of Water Drawn from Cast and Non-cast Wells in Zaria, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Danjuma, Florence Yachim ◽  
Onaji, Ajegba Innocent ◽  
Ocheme Julius Okojokwu ◽  
Danladi Yakubu Papi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Internal Wall ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bacteriological Quality

Lack of access to safe drinking water is a threat to public health and wellbeing of the people as it exposes them to risk of waterborne diseases. This study assessed the bacteriological quality of well water samples obtained from Zaria communities and compared the level of contamination between wells with internal wall casting (cast wells) and wells without internal wall casting (non-cast wells). Water samples from 142 wells were collected for a period of six months encompassing both rainy and dry seasons (July to September for rainy season and November to January for dry season). The water samples were collected and analysed for faecal contamination using membrane filtration technique. The water samples contained high density of bacterial counts ranging from 1.73x103±2.73x102 – 2.02x102±1.85x102cfu/100ml during the raining season and 4.17x102±3.07x101 – 1.39x103±3.27x102cfu/100ml during the dry season. Coliforms and E. coli were present in all the samples with  total coliform counts ranging from 1.06 x 103 – 2.12 x 104 cfu/100 ml and E. coli counts ranging from 5.10 X 102 – 5.0 X 104 cfu/100 ml Counts were higher during the raining season in all the locations compared to the dry season. Faecal coliform counts were higher in wells without casting (91.9%) compare to wells with casting (91.2%) while E. coli counts were higher in wells with casting (77.9%) compared to wells without casting (66.2%). There was no significant difference in the bacterial counts between cast and non-cast wells (p-values were all greater than 0.05).A total of 168 organisms were isolated from this study and they include; E. coli(48.3%), Klebsiella pnuemonaie(11.8%), Klebsiella ozanae(13.2%), Enterobacter agglomerans(11.8%), Enterobacter gergoviae(14.7%), Enterobacter aerogenes (8.8%), Citrobacter freundii(8.8%), Proteus mirabilis (5.9%), Serratia liquefaciens(10.3%) and Acinetobacter lwoffii (2.9%). E. coliwas isolated more frequently (48.3%) compared to other species and was more frequent in non-cast wells (50.0%) compared to cast wells (47.1%). Other species were more frequent in cast wells. The bacteria isolated from this study are mostly of enteric origin; these organisms acquire public health significance under certain conditions, therefore, their removal in drinking water should be given moderate priority. The wells in this study fail to meet the minimum standard for safe drinking water and are therefore not safe for domestic purposes especially for drinking purpose without adequate treatment.

scholarly journals Hubungan Kualitas Air Bersih Sumur Gali Terhadap Penyakit Diare di Desa Montop Kabupaten Banggai Kepulauan

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Sandy Novryanto Sakati ◽  
Herawati Herawati
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Dug Well

Penyakit  diare  merupakan  salah  satu  penyakit  yang  masih  merupakan  masalah kesehatan terbesar di Indonesia. Penyakit diare bisa disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor yaitu faktor lingkungan dan kualitas Air Bersih Oleh karena itu, keadaan lingkungan dan kualitas air bersih yang tidak baik berpengaruh terhadap timbulnya penyakit.  Desa Montop merupakan salah satu desa yang berada di kecamatan Bulagi Utara Kabupaten Banggai Kepulauan yang masyarakatnya menkonsumsi air yang bersumber dari Sumur Gali. Berdasarkan data UPTD Puskesmas Sabang Tahun 2017 terdapat kasus Kejadian Luar Biasa (KLB) penyakit diare dengan penderita 45 orang dan 1 orang dinyatakan meninggal, pada tahun 2018 data penderita diare terdapat 24 orang (Januari-Juli). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Untuk mengetahui hubungan kualitas air sumur gali dengan kejadian penyakit Diare di Desa Montop. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dalam bentuk survey yang bersifat observasional dengan metode pendekatan cross-sectional, yaitu suatu penelitian yang dilakukan dengan pengamatan sesaat atau dalam suatu periode waktu tertentu dan setiap subjek studi hanya dilakukan satu kali pengamatan selama penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa hasil uji kualitas air bersih berdasarkan parameter E. Coli masih memenuhi syarat kesehatan sesuai dengan Permenkes 416 Tahun 1990 tentang air bersih. Sementara, untuk parameter Total Coliform terdapat hasil yang tidak memenuhi syarat kesehatan pada Lokasi SGL 3 dan SGL 5 artinya analisis secara deskriptif ada hubungan sumber air utama dengan kejadian diare karena terdapat 2 SGL yang Total Coliform nya Tidak Memenuhi Syarat Kesehatan. Diarrhea is one of the diseases that is still the biggest health problem in Indonesia. Diarrhea can be caused by several factors, environmental factors and the quality of clean water. Therefore, environmental conditions and the quality of clean water that is not good influences the onset of the disease. Montop Village is one of the villages in the North Bulagi sub-district of Banggai Kepulauan Regency whose people consume water sourced from the Gali Well. Based on data from Sabang Health Center UPTD in 2017 there were cases of Extraordinary Events of diarrhea with 45 patients and 1 person was declared dead, in 2018 the data of diarrhea patients there were 24 people (January-July). The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of dug well water quality with the incidence of diarrheal disease in the village of Montop. This research is an observational survey with a cross-sectional approach, which is a study conducted with observations for a moment or in a certain period of time and each subject of study was only made one observation during the study. The results showed that the water quality test results based on E. Coli parameters still met health requirements in accordance with Permenkes 416 of 1990 concerning clean water. Meanwhile, for the Total Coliform parameter, there were results that did not meet health requirements at SGL 3 and SGL 5 locations, meaning that the descriptive analysis was related to the main water source with the occurrence of diarrhea because there were 2 SGLs whose Total Coliform did not meet health requirements.

scholarly journals Identifikasi Bakteri Escherichia coli pada Air Minum Isi Ulang yang Diproduksi DAMIU di Kelurahan Lubuk Buaya Kota Padang

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rani Afrisetiawati ◽  
Erly Erly ◽  
Endrinaldi Endrinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Bacteriological Test ◽  
Identification Test

AbstrakAir merupakan  komponen penting bagi tubuh.  Menurut Permenkes No.492 Tahun 2010 tentang syarat mikrobiologi air minum adalah tidak ditemukannya bakteri Coliform dan Escherichia coli dalam 100 ml air. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kualitas air minum yang diproduksi depot air minum isi ulang di Kelurahan Lubuk Buaya. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif dengan melakukan pemeriksaan bakteriologi sampel air di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas dari Februari  sampai Oktober 2014. Sampel adalah air dari masing-masing depot air minum isi ulang di Kelurahan Lubuk Buaya yang sudah dimasukkan ke dalam galon. Penelitian ini terdiri dari empat tes, yaitu tes presumtif, konfirmatif, lengkap dan identifikasi. Hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium menunjukkan empat dari dua belas sampel (33,3%) mengandung bakteri Coliform dan satu dari empat sampel tersebut mengandung Escherichia coli. Pengawasan terhadap depot air minum isi ulang di Kelurahan Lubuk Buaya harus lebih ditingkatkan. Kader Kesehatan setempat diharapkan dapat memberikan penyuluhan kepada pemilik atau operator depot agar memperhatikan kebersihan depot serta peralatan yang digunakan.Kata kunci: air minum isi ulang, Coliform, Escherichia  coli AbstractWater is an essential component for the human body. According to Permenkes No. 492 Tahun 2010 about microbiological standards for drinking water is the absence of coliform and Escherichia coli in 100 ml of water. The objective of this study was to find the quality of drinking water produced by drinking water refill depots at Lubuk Buaya Padang based on microbiological standards of drinking water.The research was conducted using by bacteriological test on 12 water samples at the Laboratory of Microbiology, Facultyof Medicine, University of Andalas from February until Oktober 2014. This research consisted  four tests: the presumptive test, confirmative test, completetest and identification test. Based on the result of laboratory test, there were four samples (33,3%) from twelve samples contain Coliform bacteria and one of them contain Escherichia coli. Controlling of drinking water refill depots at Lubuk Buaya should have been improved. The officers of Public Health at Lubuk Buaya must give an advice to the owners or depot operators about hygiene of depot and tools that they used.Keywords: drinking water refill, Coliform, Escherichia coli

scholarly journals Determinants of Water Source Use, Quality of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Perceptions among Urban Households in North-West Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shewayiref Geremew Gebremichael ◽  
Emebet Yismaw ◽  
Belete Dejen ◽  
Adeladilew Dires
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North West ◽  
Drinking Water Sources ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
North West Ethiopia

AbstractBackgroundClean water is an essential element for human health, wellbeing, and prosperity. Every human being has the right to access safe drinking water. But, in now day, due to rapid population growth, illiteracy, lack of sustainable development, and climate change; it still faces a global challenge for about one billion people in the developing nation. The discontinuity of drinking water supply puts in force households either to use unsafe water storage materials or to use water from unimproved sources. This study aimed to identify the determinants of water source types, use, quality of water, and sanitation perception of physical parameters among urban households in North-West Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among households from February to March 2019. An interview-based pre-tested and structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data collection samples were selected randomly and proportional to each kebeles’ households. MS Excel and R Version 3.6.2 was used to enter and analyze the data; respectively. Descriptive statistics using frequencies and percentages were used to explain the sample data concerning the predictor variable. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to assess the association between the independent and the response variables.ResultsFour hundred eighteen (418) households have participated. Based on the study undertaken, 78.95% of households used improved and 21.05% of households used unimproved drinking water sources. Households drinking water sources are significantly associated with age of participant (x2 = 20.392, df=3), educational status (x2 = 19.358, df=4), source of income (x2 = 21.777, df=3), monthly income (x2 = 13.322, df=3), availability of additional facilities (x2 = 98.144, df=7), cleanness status (x2 =42.979, df=4), scarcity of water (x2 = 5.1388, df=1) and family size (x2 = 9.934, df=2). The logistic regression analysis also indicated as those factors are significantly determined (p 0.05) the water source types used by households. Factors such as availability of toilet facility, household member type, and sex of head of the household are not significantly associated with the drinking water sources.ConclusionThe study showed that being an older age group of the head of the household, being government employer, merchant and self-employed, being a higher income group, the presence of all facilities in the area, lived in a clean surrounding and lower family size are the determinant factors of using drinking water from improved sources. Therefore; the local, regional, and national governments and other supporting organizations shall improve the accessibility and adequacy of drinking water from improved sources through short and long time plans for the well-being of the community in the area.

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