scholarly journals Distributed Blockchain-Based Authentication and Authorization Protocol for Smart Grid

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Yuxin Zhong ◽  
Mi Zhou ◽  
Jiangnan Li ◽  
Jiahui Chen ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Security Risks ◽  
Grid Systems ◽  
Grid Networks ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Authentication And Authorization ◽  
Smart Grid System

Authentication and authorization (A & A) mechanisms are critical to the security of Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Smart grid system processing and exchanging data without human intervention, known as smart grids, are well-known as IoT scenarios. Entities in such smart grid systems need to identify and validate one another and ensure the integrity of data exchange mechanisms. However, at present, most commonly used A & A protocols are centralized, resulting in security risks such as information leaks, illegal access, and identity theft. In this study, we propose a new distributed A & A protocol for smart grid networks based on blockchain technology to address with these risks. The proposed protocol integrates the decentralized authentication and immutable ledger characteristics of blockchain architectures suitable for power systems with a novel blockchain technique to realize both identity authentication and resource authorization for smart grid systems. We discuss the security of and threat models for prior A & A protocols and demonstrate how our protocol protects against these threats. We further demonstrate an approach to a real deployment of our A & A protocol using the FISCO consortium platform, applying algorithms from smart contract systems. Finally, we present the results of experimental simulations showing the efficacy and efficiency of our proposed protocol.

scholarly journals Software Architectures for Smart Grid System—A Bibliographical Survey

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Ananthavijayan ◽  
Prabhakar Karthikeyan Shanmugam ◽  
Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban ◽  
Jens Holm-Nielsen ◽  
Frede Blaabjerg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Software Architecture ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Grid Systems ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Smart Grid System ◽  
Architecture Development

Smart grid software interconnects multiple Engineering disciplines (power systems, communication, software and hardware technology, instrumentation, big data, etc.). The software architecture is an evolving concept in smart grid systems, in which system architecture development is a challenging process. The architecture has to realize the complex legacy power grid systems and cope with current Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). The distributed generation in a smart grid environment expects the software architecture to be distributed and to enable local control. Smart grid architecture should also be modular, flexible, and adaptable to technology upgrades. In this paper, the authors have made a comprehensive review of architectures for smart grids. An in depth analysis of layered and agent-based architectures based on the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) conceptual model is presented. Also presented is a set of smart grid Reference Architectures dealing with cross domain technology.

scholarly journals A Bibliographical Survey on Software Architectures for Smart Grid System

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ramesh ◽  
Prabhakar Karthikeyan ◽  
Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban ◽  
Saravanan Balasubramanian ◽  
Josep M. Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Software Architecture ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Grid Systems ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Smart Grid System ◽  
Architecture Development

Smart grid software interconnects multiple Engineering disciplines (power systems, communication, software and hardware technology, instrumentation, big data, etc.). The software architecture is an evolving concept in smart grid systems in which systematic architecture development is a challenging process. The architecture has to realize the complex legacy power grid systems and cope up with current Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). The distributed generation in smart grid environment expects the software architecture to be distributed and to enable local control. Smart grid architecture should also be modular, flexible and adaptable to technology upgrades. In this paper, the authors have made a comprehensive review on architecture for smart grids. An in depth analysis of layered and agent based architectures is presented and compared under various domains.

scholarly journals Technologies used in Smart Grid to implement Power Distribution System

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Raja Masood Larik ◽  
Mohd Wazir Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Power Distribution Systems ◽  
Grid Systems ◽  
Power Distribution System

<span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">Recently, the debate has been going on about the role of power plus distribution systems, its technologies for future smart grids in power systems. The emerging of new technologies in smart grid and power distribution systems provide a significant change in terms of reduction the commercial and technical losses, improve the rationalization of electricity tariff. The new technologies in smart grid systems have different capabilities to increase the technological efficiency in power distribution systems. These new technologies are the foreseeable solution to address the power system issues. This paper gives a brief detail of new technologies in smart grid systems for its power distribution systems, benefits and recent challenges. The paper provides a brief detail for new researchers and engineers about new technologies in smart grid systems and how to change traditional distribution systems into new smart systems.</span>

Introduction to Smart Grid and Micro-Grid Systems

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Safwan Nadweh ◽  
Zeina Barakat
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Electrical Power Systems ◽  
Grid Systems ◽  
Micro Grid ◽  
Micro Grids

This chapter describes the upcoming technology for electrical power systems that gives the appropriate solution for the integration of the distributed energy resources. In this chapter, different categories of smart grids have been classified, and the advantages, weakness, and opportunities of each one, are given in addition to determining its own operating conditions. Micro-grids are the most common kind of smart grid. It has been classified under different criteria, such as architecture with different topology (connected mode, island mode, etc.) and demand criteria (simple micro grids, multi-DG, utility) and by capacity into simple micro-grid, corporate micro-grid, and independent micro-grid, and by AC/DC type to DC micro-grids, AC micro-grids, Hybrid micro-grids. Finally, most familiar Micro-grid components have been discussed such as an energy management system along with several types of control and communication systems in addition to the economic study of a micro-grids.

Introduction to Smart Grid and Micro-Grid Systems

2019 ◽  
pp. 347-366
Author(s):  
Safwan Nadweh ◽  
Zeina Barakat
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Electrical Power Systems ◽  
Grid Systems ◽  
Micro Grid ◽  
Micro Grids

This chapter describes the upcoming technology for electrical power systems that gives the appropriate solution for the integration of the distributed energy resources. In this chapter, different categories of smart grids have been classified, and the advantages, weakness, and opportunities of each one, are given in addition to determining its own operating conditions. Micro-grids are the most common kind of smart grid. It has been classified under different criteria, such as architecture with different topology (connected mode, island mode, etc.) and demand criteria (simple micro grids, multi-DG, utility) and by capacity into simple micro-grid, corporate micro-grid, and independent micro-grid, and by AC/DC type to DC micro-grids, AC micro-grids, Hybrid micro-grids. Finally, most familiar Micro-grid components have been discussed such as an energy management system along with several types of control and communication systems in addition to the economic study of a micro-grids.

scholarly journals A Novel Security Methodology for Smart Grids: A Case Study of Microcomputer-Based Encryption for PMU Devices

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Metin Varan ◽  
Akif Akgul ◽  
Fatih Kurugollu ◽  
Ahmet Sansli ◽  
Kim Smith
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Secure Communication ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Hyperchaotic System ◽  
Iec 61850 ◽  
Encryption Decryption ◽  
Communication Frameworks

Coordination of a power system with the phasor measurement devices (PMUs) in real time on the load and generation sides is carried out within the context of smart grid studies. Power systems equipped with information systems in a smart grid pace with external security threats. Developing a smart grid which can resist against cyber threats is considered indispensable for the uninterrupted operation. In this study, a two-way secure communication methodology underpinned by a chaos-based encryption algorithm for PMU devices is proposed. The proposed system uses the IEEE-14 busbar system on which the optimum PMU placement has been installed. The proposed hyperchaotic system-based encryption method is applied as a new security methodology among PMU devices. The success of results is evaluated by the completeness of data exchange, durations, the complexity of encryption-decryption processes, and strength of cryptography using a microcomputer-based implementation. The results show that the proposed microcomputer-based encryption algorithms can be directly embedded as encryption hardware units into PMU and PDC devices which have very fast signal processing capabilities taking into considerations the acceptable delay time for power system protection and measuring applications and quality metering applications which is 2 ms and 10 ms, respectively. While proposed algorithms can be used in TCP or UDP over IP-based IEEE C37.118, IEC 61850, and IEC 61850-90-5 communication frameworks, they can also be embedded into electronic cards, smartcards, or smart tokens which are utilized for authentication among smart grid components.

scholarly journals Incorporating blockchain and internet of thing: The context of renewable energy certificate on smart grid

2021 ◽  
Vol 300 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
Guang Chen ◽  
Mingda He ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
Jianbin Gao
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Smart Grid ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Grid System ◽  
Grid Networks ◽  
Smart Grid System ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Internet Of Thing

Blockchain and the Internet of Things (IoT) complements each other within the space of decentralization, real time monitoring, and data sharing and security. In this paper we explored the integration of blockchain and IoT within the context of smart grid. Current REC system lacks visibility and transparency which are very critical to the success of smart grids. Conventional smart grid system makes it difficult to proof whether a buyer has truly received an energy certificate or not. Therefore, we proposed a blockchain and IoT based system for autonomous monitoring of energy sources and tracking of RECs on smart grid. Our system provides the visibility and transparency on smart grid networks that is imperative to safeguarding RECs market. Results based on extensive experiments illustrate the efficiency and scalability of our system.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Survey on Cyber-Physical Smart Grid Testbed Architectures: Requirements and Challenges

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1043
Author(s):  
Abdallah A. Smadi ◽  
Babatunde Tobi Ajao ◽  
Brian K. Johnson ◽  
Hangtian Lei ◽  
Yacine Chakhchoukh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Time Data

The integration of improved control techniques with advanced information technologies enables the rapid development of smart grids. The necessity of having an efficient, reliable, and flexible communication infrastructure is achieved by enabling real-time data exchange between numerous intelligent and traditional electrical grid elements. The performance and efficiency of the power grid are enhanced with the incorporation of communication networks, intelligent automation, advanced sensors, and information technologies. Although smart grid technologies bring about valuable economic, social, and environmental benefits, testing the combination of heterogeneous and co-existing Cyber-Physical-Smart Grids (CP-SGs) with conventional technologies presents many challenges. The examination for both hardware and software components of the Smart Grid (SG) system is essential prior to the deployment in real-time systems. This can take place by developing a prototype to mimic the real operational circumstances with adequate configurations and precision. Therefore, it is essential to summarize state-of-the-art technologies of industrial control system testbeds and evaluate new technologies and vulnerabilities with the motivation of stimulating discoveries and designs. In this paper, a comprehensive review of the advancement of CP-SGs with their corresponding testbeds including diverse testing paradigms has been performed. In particular, we broadly discuss CP-SG testbed architectures along with the associated functions and main vulnerabilities. The testbed requirements, constraints, and applications are also discussed. Finally, the trends and future research directions are highlighted and specified.

Securing SDN-Enabled Smart Power Grids

2018 ◽  
pp. 79-98
Author(s):  
Uttam Ghosh ◽  
Pushpita Chatterjee ◽  
Sachin Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Smart Power ◽  
Control Center ◽  
Grid Networks ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Sdn Controller

Software-defined networking (SDN) provides flexibility in controlling, managing, and dynamically reconfiguring the distributed heterogeneous smart grid networks. Considerably less attention has been received to provide security in SDN-enabled smart grids. Centralized SDN controller protects smart grid networks against outside attacks only. Furthermore, centralized SDN controller suffers from a single point of compromise and failure which is detrimental to security and reliability. This chapter presents a framework with multiple SDN controllers and security controllers that provides a secure and robust smart grid architecture. The proposed framework deploys a local IDS to provide security in a substation. Whereas a global IDS is deployed to provide security in control center and overall smart grid network, it further verifies the consequences of control-commands issued by SDN controller and SCADA master. Performance comparison and simulation result show that the proposed framework is efficient as compared to existing security frameworks for SDN-enabled smart grids.

Detecting Synchronization Signal Jamming Attacks for Cybersecurity in Cyber-Physical Energy Grid Systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 685-695
Author(s):  
Danda B. Rawat ◽  
Brycent A. Chatfield
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Jamming Attacks ◽  
Grid Systems ◽  
Smart Grid Communications ◽  
Signal Jamming ◽  
Physical Energy ◽  
Service Attack ◽  
Synchronization Signal ◽  
Energy Grid

The transformation of the traditional power grid into a cyber physical smart energy grid brings significant improvement in terms of reliability, performance, and manageability. Most importantly, existing communication infrastructures such as LTE represent the backbone of smart grid functionality. Consequently, connected smart grids inherit vulnerabilities associated with the networks including denial of service attack by means of synchronization signal jamming. This chapter presents cybersecurity in cyber-physical energy grid systems to mitigate synchronization signal jamming attacks in LTE based smart grid communications.

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