scholarly journals Energy Audit and Feasibility of Solar PV Energy System: Case of a Commercial Building

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Sylvester William Chisale ◽  
Patrick Mangani
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Commercial Building ◽  
Energy Audit

Energy situation in Malawi is continuing facing critical challenges to satisfy the existing demand. However, energy consumption and energy conservation studies have been neglected to help overcome this problem. In this paper, electric energy audit was conducted for a commercial building in Mchinji, Malawi, in order to identify energy-saving opportunities. The study employed a mixed method research which involved a series of surveys, observation, data collection, and analysis. The current energy consumption was determined and compared with the proposed energy consumption after replacing some equipment. The proposed system saved up to 33.46% of energy. The study also suggested behavior change towards energy saving. Additionally, an alternative energy system was also suggested. Thus, the HOMER software was employed to design, optimize, and analyze a solar-battery-grid-connected energy system. The proposed system has a simple payback period of 9.8 years. The system’s cost of energy was estimated as 0.0372 $/kWh, and the capital cost was $ 150,887.

Analysis of Electric Energy Consumption Patterns: A Case Study of a Real Life Office Building

2013 ◽  
Vol 330 ◽  
pp. 158-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Soo Han ◽  
Youn Kwae Jeong ◽  
Il Woo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Commercial Building ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Consumption Patterns

Electric energy consumption shares a great portion of commercial building energy. Electric energy saving is essential to reduce total energy consumption in commercial buildings. To draw energy saving methods, it is necessary to monitor real energy consumption patterns and analyze the results. We monitor the lighting and non-lighting energy consumption of eleven zones in a real working office building every fifteen minutes during eleven months. We observe and analyze the monthly and daily energy consumption patterns of all zones and draw several feasible energy saving methods. Moreover, the lighting and occupancy are monitored simultaneously in detail to investigate the unnecessary energy consumption. It shows the possibility of a great amount of energy saving. Because we analyze the energy consumption patterns in all zones, the drawn energy saving methods are applicable to the current building with some added infrastructure and expandable to other similar office buildings. Our result is expected to contribute to reducing the energy consumption in buildings.

scholarly journals The Optimization of Building Energy Consumption in Universitas Negeri Padang Using Building Energy Simulation Program

Teknomekanik ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Andre Kurniawan ◽  
Nanang Qosim ◽  
Remon Lapisa ◽  
Zainal Abadi ◽  
Jasman Jasman
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Building Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
System A ◽  
Better Than

Energy consumption of a building is one of the biggest sources of energy use today. Green Building Comitte Indonesia (GBCI) has launched a concept of energy consumption saving in a nationally standard building. Audit Building energy audit is the way to know how actual building energy consumption is and find alternative solution to decrease energy consumption in order to fulfill the energy saving building criteria. Two types of HVAC systems will be run in the EnergyPlus simulation, split AC and central AC. The previous research proved that central AC is better than split AC system for energy saving in the building with 20 floors. The simulation results show that by using a certain energy system, a more efficient energy system will be achieved and can still maintain the comfort of the room at a temperature of 24 °C and relative humidity according to the Green Building Indonesia standard reference.

scholarly journals AUDIT ENERGI PADA SEBUAH HOTEL

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Didik Ariwibowo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Electrical Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption ◽  
Pumping System

Didik Ariwibowo, in this paper explain that energy audit activities conducted through several phases, namely: the initial audit, detailed audit, analysis of energy savings opportunities, and the proposed energy savings. Total energy consumed consists of electrical energy, fuel, and materials in this case is water. Electrical energy consumption data obtained from payment of electricity accounts for a year while consumption of fuel and water obtained from the payment of material procurement. From the calculation data, IKE hotels accounted for 420.867 kWh/m2.tahun, while the IKE standards for the hotel is 300 kWh/m2.tahun. Thus, IKE hotel included categorized wasteful in energy usage. The largest energy consumption on electric energy consumption. Largest electric energy consumption is on the air conditioning (AC-air conditioning) that is equal to 71.3%, and lighting and electrical equipment at 27.28%, and hot water supply system by 4.44%. Electrical energy consumption in AC looks very big. Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of the statutes, the profile of energy use by air conditioning at the hotel by 48.5%. With these considerations in the AC target for audit detail as the next phase of activity. The results of a detailed audit analysis to find an air conditioning system energy savings opportunities in pumping systems. Recommendations on these savings is the integration of automation on the pumping system and fan coil units (FCU). The principle of energy conservation in the pumping system is by installing variable speed drives (VSD) pump drive motor to adjust speed according to load on the FCU. Load variations FCU provide input on the VSD pumps to match. Adaptation is predicted pump can save electricity consumption up to 65.7%. Keywords: energy audit, IKE, AC

scholarly journals Evaluation on Innovation approaches on Performance from Malaysian perspective: A study on Malaysian Building energy saving

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 06040
Author(s):  
M. H. Amlus ◽  
Amlus Ibrahim ◽  
Ahmad Zaidi Abdullah ◽  
Nurhafiza Azizan ◽  
Ummi Naeimah Saraeh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Advanced Country ◽  
Power Meter ◽  
Load Following ◽  
Current Usage ◽  
Building Energy Saving

Lately Malaysia energy consumption versus generation rapidly shows increasing due to increasing of load. This phenomenon happened following to advanced country development. Lacking on design and without energy management approach the energy consumption and monthly electrical bill will steadily increased and support the increasing of world carbon emission. Therefore the aim of this work is to approach the simplest innovation task-energy audit , which is load-apportioning strategy. This approach using matching the usage of equipment with fully utilized space and reschedules the time of usage. A one week data was collected by logged power meter at main switchboard at selected building using Fluke Power Recorder. From the data collected, current usage of every load can be determine, then load will be arrange into a group with same portion and same time of usage. The result shows clearly the energy consumption for every single day and indicates the highest and lowest peak. From this work the apportioning strategy implemented by rearrange the load following type of room application. After the arrangement, new measurement was taken and a very good result was established. This work also can be further apply for a huge load that can be save a lot of money for owner especially government by energy saving.

Energy Consumption Analysis of Animation-Park in Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-City

2013 ◽  
Vol 316-317 ◽  
pp. 176-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Jing Zheng ◽  
Meng Jun Yang ◽  
Wan Dong Zheng ◽  
Yun Kun Bu
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Water System ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Save Energy

Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city is a strategic cooperation project between China and Singapore to improve the living environment and build an eco-culture. Animation-park covers an area of 1 km2, with a total construction area of 7.7x105m2. Wide sources of the renewable energy, such as solar hot water system, ground source heat pump system, solar PV power generation system, and deep geothermal energy system, is strongly recommended to use in eco-city in order to save energy and protect the environment. The usage of renewable energy is seen as a complement to the conventional energy. The energy consumption of the animation park is 42926tce of coal per year, and the renewable energy that used is 4573.6tce of coal per year. The usage of renewable energy leads to the reduction in the emission of CO2 of 18895.9t per year.

scholarly journals Design Process of Energy Effective Shredding Machines for Biomass Treatment

10.14311/1622 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juraj Beniak ◽  
Juraj Ondruška ◽  
Viliam Čačko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Processed Material ◽  
Material Saving

The shredding process has not been sufficiently investigated for the design of better, energy and material saving shredding machines. In connection with present-day concern about the environment, ecology, energy saving, recycling, and finding new sources of energy, we need to look at the design of shredding machinery, the efficiency of the machines that we using, and ways of improving them to save electric energy for their operation. This paper deals with sizing and designing shredding machines from the point of view of energy consumption and optimization for specific types of processed material.

scholarly journals Evaluasi Sistem Pemanfaatan Energi Listrik di Grand Clarion Hotel Makassar

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Herman Nawir ◽  
Kusmanurwira Kusmanurwira ◽  
Alif Firdaus
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Initial Energy ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Ac Power ◽  
Consumption Intensity

Abstract In the hotel business, the use of energy is very important, especially in the use of electricity, the portion of usage and allocation of funds for its provision is the largest. It can be seen that equipment such as lights, elevators, refrigerators, laundry, heaters, pumps, to the air conditioning system are some of the dominant tools in operations in the hospitality world. The results of the initial energy audit and detailed audit at the Grand Clarion Hotel Makassar showed that the Energy Consumption Intensity (IKE) is still far from the standard, which is 300 kWh / m2 a year. The building uses the largest amount of electricity in the Grand Clarion Hotel Makassar in Building A, which is in the Guest Room area of the air conditioning unit. The results of the initial energy audit of Energy Consumption Intensity (IKE) electricity were 336.84 kWh / m2 year. Whereas based on the results of a detailed energy audit the electricity consumption intensity (IKE) of electricity is 395.51 kWh / m2 a year. Energy Saving Opportunities (PHE) in this energy audit is to evaluate the AC power in each room and recommend the replacement of lamp types. From the results of the IKE calculation after the application of PHE, it is found that the value is still quite high so that efforts to save must still be done. 

scholarly journals Analysis of the electric energy consumption components for mine train traction

2019 ◽  
Vol 294 ◽  
pp. 01001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhii Arpul ◽  
Viktor Artemchuk ◽  
Mykola Babyak ◽  
Viacheslav Vasilyev ◽  
Hennadii Hetman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
List Type ◽  
Opencast Mining ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Transportation Process ◽  
The Cost

The paper considers the issues of reducing the energy intensity of transportation at opencast mining enterprises, the relevance of which has now increased due to the rise in the cost of fuel and energy resources. It presents the study results concerning the cost structure of the electricity consumed by electric mine transport, which form the basis for the development of technical and operational measures to reduce the energy intensity of the transportation process. It is shown that the work to reduce the electricity consumption for mined rock transportation should be aimed at: Reduction of losses in the power circuits of the traction rolling stock due to the use of more advanced electric rolling stock and regulation of the degree of utilization of the installed traction power; Introduction of new contact materials for electrical circuits with the lowest possible resistivity, including for current collector plates; Introduction of measures to reduce energy consumption for power supply of auxiliary circuits; Development and implementation of rational train control techniques. The introduction of energy-saving measures should include the development and application of effective methods for calculating individual norms of energy consumption and incentives for energy saving of the employees involved in the organization of the transportation process.

Research on Microgrid System in the DC-Building

2014 ◽  
Vol 596 ◽  
pp. 678-681
Author(s):  
Ya Ning Yuan ◽  
Ming Meng
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Bidirectional Power Flow

In order to achieve the objectives of energy-saving and emission reduction for modern buildings and provide high quality power supply, a DC microgrid system of thermoelectric energy comprehensive control is proposed. The system includes two subsystems of electric energy and heat energy system, and realizes electric and heat energy transformation and combination through cogeneration unit and electronic heating device. To achieve efficient use of energy, integrated management strategies is also proposed. Distributed generations are controlled by the maximum power tracking strategy, and the hybrid energy storage system uses droop control strategy to stabilize DC bus voltage. In the connection point between the grid and microgrid, the bidirectional converter uses vector decoupling control strategy with double closed loop for pulse width modulation (PWM) to solve the problem of bidirectional power flow with the grid. The simulation results indicate that the system can provide high quality, energy saving, stable power for the modern building.

scholarly journals Reduction of Energy Intensity in Broiler Facilities: Methodology and Strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Baxevanou ◽  
Dimitrios Fidaros ◽  
Ilias Giannenas ◽  
Eleftherios Bonos ◽  
Ioannis Skoufos
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Wind Potential ◽  
Technology Level

Broiler facilities consume a lot of energy resulting in natural source depletion and greater greenhouse gas emissions. A way to assess the energy performance of a broiler facility is through an energy audit. In the present paper, an energy protocol for an energy audit is presented covering both phases of data collection and data elaboration. The operational rating phase is analytically and extendedly described while a complete mathematical model is proposed for the asset rating phase. The developed energy audit procedure was applied to poultry chambers located in lowland and mountainous areas of Epirus Greece for chambers of various sizes and technology levels. The energy intensity indices varied from 46 to 89 kWh/m2 of chamber area 0.25–0.48 kWh/kg of produced meat or 0.36–1.3 kWh/bird depending on the chamber technology level (insulation, automation, etc.) and the location where the unit was installed. The biggest energy consumer was heating followed by energy consumption for ventilation and cooling. An advanced technology level can improve energy performance by ~ 27%−31%. Proper insulation (4–7 cm) can offer a reduction of thermal energy consumption between 10 and 35%. In adequately insulated chambers, the basic heat losses are due to ventilation. Further energy savings can be achieved with more precise ventilation control. Automation can offer additional electrical energy saving for cooling and ventilation (15–20%). Energy-efficient lights can offer energy saving up to 5%. The use of photovoltaic (PV) technology is suggested mainly in areas where net-metering holds. The use of wind turbines is feasible only when adequate wind potential is available. Solar thermal energy is recommended in combination with a heat pump if the unit's heating and cooling systems use hot/cold water or air. Finally, the local production of biogas with anaerobic fermentation for producing thermal or electrical energy, or cogenerating both, is a choice that should be studied individually for each farm.

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