scholarly journals Effect of Glutinous Rice Slurry on the Reinforcement of Silt in the Yellow River Basin by Microbially Induced Carbonate Precipitation (MICP): Mechanical Property and Microcosmic Structure

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Jianwei Yue ◽  
Limin Zhao ◽  
Baoxi Zhang ◽  
Qingmei Kong ◽  
Siyuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Friction ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Yellow River Basin ◽  
Reinforced Soil ◽  
Internal Friction Angle ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Glutinous Rice ◽  
The Yellow River Basin

The silty clay in the lower reaches of the Yellow River is characterized by loose structure, low strength, and strong capillary effect. Based on the technology of ancient glutinous rice mortar and microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP), experiments on optimal mass ratio of cementitious liquid to bacterial liquid and optimal concentration of cementitious liquid for MICP and improved MICP technology were carried out by measuring the production of CaCO3, and direct shear test and unconfined compressive strength test of plain silt, glutinous mixing silt, and improved silt with MICP and modified MICP were conducted. The microstructure of the reaction products of MICP and improved MICP technology were also evaluated based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Research results showed that the mechanical properties of silt with glutinous rice slurry were effectively improved. With the increase in the concentration of glutinous rice slurry, the strength and internal friction angle of soil samples first increased and then decreased, and the cohesion presented a linear increasing trend. When the concentration of cementitious liquid was 0.5 M and the mass ratio of cementitious liquid to bacterial liquid was 2 : 1, the amount of CaCO3 formed was the most, and the conversion rate of Ca2+ was more than 80%. The improved MICP could increase the conversion rate of Ca2+ (93.44%). An improved MICP showed that glutinous rice slurry could improve bacterial activity, increase the urease content in the bacterial solution, and promote the production of CaCO3. Silt cohesion and internal friction angle of the silt were improved by the improved MICP technology, and the strengthening effect of mechanical properties of modified MICP-reinforced soil is better than that of the MICP-reinforced soil; conventional MICP technology could also improve the soil cohesion, but the improvement in the internal friction angle was not obvious. The SEM results indicated that compared with the reaction product of MICP technology, the structure of the product of improved MICP technology is more compact, resulting in a marked reinforcement of MICP performance with glutinous rice slurry. This study provides new insights into enhancing the mechanical behaviour of MICP-treated silt in the Yellow River Basin with glutinous rice slurry.

scholarly journals Inheritors of the Yellow River: the relationship of heritage making practices to cultural self-confidence in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanlin Zhang ◽  
Stuart Walker ◽  
Martyn Evans ◽  
Julia Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Yellow River Basin ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Support Mechanisms ◽  
The Yellow River Basin ◽  
Relationship Of

AbstractThrough active involvement in UNESCO’s ICH (Intangible Cultural Heritage) programme, China has developed its own framework to support traditional making practices. To examine the ‘characteristics’ of heritage crafts preservation in China, we undertook empirical research in the Yellow River basin. Our research involved in-depth observations and key informant interviews with a range of highly accomplished craftspeople who have inherited their particular expertise from their family and have been officially designated ICH Inheritors. Through our qualitative research with inheritors, a businessperson and a government official, we identified various support mechanisms employed by the Chinese government that aim to protect traditional culture while also recognising outstanding individuals. We also found that ICH Inheritors play an important role in raising cultural awareness and enhancing cultural confidence through their creative activities and making practices, craft businesses and transfer of expertise. Based on the findings, potential areas where designers may collaborate with inheritors were identified.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Physiology of the Cotton Boll–Leaf System

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Jing Chen ◽  
Liantao Liu ◽  
Zhanbiao Wang ◽  
Hongchun Sun ◽  
Yongjiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Yellow River Basin ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Nitrogen Rate ◽  
The Yellow River Basin ◽  
Source Sink ◽  
Subtending Leaves

The objective of this study was to assess the impacts of nitrogen on the physiological characteristics of the source–sink system of upper fruiting branches under various amounts of nitrogen fertilization. A two-year field experiment was conducted with a Bt cotton cultivar in the Yellow River Basin of China. The growth and yield of cotton of the upper fruiting branches were compared under four nitrogen levels: Control (N0, 0 kg ha−1), low nitrogen (N1, 120 kg ha−1), moderate nitrogen (N2, 240 kg ha−1), and high nitrogen (N3, 480 kg ha−1). The results indicated that in the subtending leaves in upper fruiting branches, chlorophyll content, protein content, and peroxidase (POD) activity dramatically increased with nitrogen application, reaching the highest under the moderate nitrogen treatment. The physiological characters in the seeds had the same trends as in the subtending leaves. Furthermore, the moderate nitrogen rate (240 kg ha−1) had a favorable yield and quality. Our results supported that a moderate nitrogen rate (240 kg ha−1) could coordinate the source–sink growth of cotton in the late stage, enhance the yield and fiber quality, and decrease the cost of fertilizer in the Yellow River Basin of China and other similar ecological areas.

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