scholarly journals Chromium Laden Soil, Water, and Vegetables nearby Tanning Industries: Speciation and Spatial Distribution

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Adugnaw Maru Gezahegn ◽  
Fekadu Fufa Feyessa ◽  
Esayas Alemayehu Tekeste ◽  
Embialle Mengistie Beyene
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Upstream Region ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Edible Plants ◽  
Total Chromium ◽  
Green Pepper ◽  
Chromium Contamination ◽  
Guideline Values

This study investigates the spatial distribution and speciation of chromium in water, soil, and edible plants in tannery-contaminated areas at Modjo city, Ethiopia. Modjo city is one of the industrial zones in the country, which is dominated by tanneries due to the ease of effluent discharge and water use from the nearby Modjo River crossing the city. The river, which received chromium-containing effluent from the tanneries, is also used for urban gardening of edible plants besides other domestic purposes. 12 water and 12 soil samples from contaminated areas and 6 samples from different edible plants grown nearby tanneries were collected following the standard procedure to predict the level of chromium contamination in the environment and its health risk. The total chromium in Modjo River was 20.6 mg L−1 in the upstream region which later was significantly reduced (r = –0.93, p < 0.05 ) to 0.126 mg L−1 in the very downstream region. However, the Cr (VI) concentration ranges from 0.23 ± 0.032 to 2.82 ± 0.02 mg L−1 with a statistically insignificant decrease (r = -0.76, p > 0.05 ) to the downstream sampling points. The lowest Cr (III) and Cr (VI) concentrations in the soil were 2.78 ± 0.37 and 4.57 ± 1.01 mg kg−1, respectively, which are higher ( p < 0.05 ) than the control and the guideline values. Similarly, the chromium concentration in the edible plants was also 7.98 ± 0.63 mg kg−1 for green pepper to 14.45 ± 0.34 mg kg−1 for carrot with a trend of carrot > beetroot > lettuce > cabbage > tomato > green pepper. The chromium in the plants from the contaminated area was significantly higher ( p < 0.05 ) than the control area, which is between 0.14 mg kg−1 for lettuce and 0.31 ± 0.01 mg kg−1 for tomato. It is also confirmed that the root part of plants accumulates more chromium than the leaf and the fruits. It is concluded that water and soil in tannery surroundings and edible plants grown in the area contain chromium concentrations higher than the recommended amount for a healthy environment and human consumption. Therefore, appropriate wastewater treatment, stringent regulations, and public awareness are recommended to reduce chromium contamination and its impact on public health and the environment.

scholarly journals Diversity and Utilization of Edible Plants and Macro-Fungi in Subtropical Guangdong Province, Southern China

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juyang Liao ◽  
Linping Zhang ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Qiaoyun Li ◽  
Danxia Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Edible Plants ◽  
Edible Plant ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Edible Parts

Food supply from forests is a fundamental component of forest ecosystem services, but information relating to suitability for human consumption and sustainable utilization of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) in developing countries is lacking. To address this gap in knowledge, diverse datasets of edible plants and macro-fungi were obtained from field collections, historical publications, and community surveys across seven cities in Guangdong Province (GP), southern China. Seven edible parts and five food categories of plant species were classified according to usage and specific nutrient components. Edible plant species were also categorized into different seasons and life forms. Our results show that at least 100 plant species (with 64 plant species producing fruit) and 20 macro-fungi were commonly used as edible forest products in subtropical GP. There were 55 and 57 species providing edible parts in summer and autumn, respectively. Many edible plants had multiple uses. Tree and herbaceous species made up the majority of the total. Our study provides evidence that both edible plants and macro-fungi can enrich the food supply for residents in rural and urban areas by acting as supplemental resources. We therefore suggest that, in spite of the prevalence of imported foods due to modern infrastructure, edible NTFPs from subtropical forests might be leveraged to support the increasing demand for food in an era of rapid urbanization and global change.

Methods for the assessment of low-frequency noise from mining activities in the Netherlands

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (1) ◽  
pp. 5175-5186
Author(s):  
Jelle Assink ◽  
Rosan Nusselder ◽  
Kim White ◽  
Olivier den Ouden ◽  
Erik de Graaff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
World Health ◽  
Frequency Noise ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Low Frequency Noise ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Presentation Methods

According to the World Health Organisation, noise ranks among the environmental stressors with the highest impact on public health. The contribution of low-frequency noise (LFN) is not well-understood and deserves more research attention from several perspectives, that include epidemiology, acoustics as well as civil engineering. The attribution of symptoms to LFN is increasing due to a growth in public awareness and the expansion of industrial installations and traffic. In the Netherlands, numbers of LFN-related complaints are rising. Several of those have been attributed to the mining industry. However, an effective methodology for the assessment of such complaints is not yet available. In this presentation, methods are defined to assess LFN from mining activities in the Netherlands, focusing on the extraction, processing, transportation and storage of gas, salt and geothermal heat. Through a literature review and interviews with domain experts, methodologies have been derived with regards to 1) the prediction of LFN generation at the source, 2) observational techniques and 3) potential impacts on health. A broad low-frequency band is considered, spanning from the often-discarded infrasonic frequencies to up to 200 Hz. Based on this study's results, recommendations are given for establishing a standard procedure to assess LFN produced by mining activities.

scholarly journals Mineral content of different bottled water available in Bangladesh: Assessment of their compliance with current regulations

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Arifur Rahman ◽  
Md Abdus Salam ◽  
Abdus Salam ◽  
Madhusudan Roy ◽  
Nargis Jahan Ara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Council Directive ◽  
Guideline Values ◽  
The University

Nine bottled water brands collected from retail shops and food shops beside the University of Dhaka were analyzed for their major and trace element constituents to ascertain their suitability for human consumption. The results obtained were compared with parametric values (PVs) set by European Community Council Directive 98/83/EC and the guideline values (GVs) recommended by WHO. It was found that the majority of the brands tested were low in mineral contents. Moreover, lower values of hardness, TDS and conductivity than the prescribed limits of WHO showed that water was deficient in essential minerals. Minerals like magnesium, potassium, calcium were present in some cases in such a low concentration that water seemed to be as good as distilled water. In case of heavy metals, only lead and cadmium were found to be below the detection limit (0.001 mg/L) which indicates bottled water brands are better for drinking. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v38i1.15316 J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 38(1): 7-15, June 2012

Spatial distribution, prevalence and epidemiological risk factors of cysticercosis in cattle from state of São Paulo, Brazil, slaughtered for human consumption

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
Gabriel Augusto Marques Rossi ◽  
Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes ◽  
Henrique Meiroz de Souza Almeida ◽  
Vando Edésio Soares ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Gamero Aguilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Epidemiological Risk

scholarly journals Study on proximate composition of four genotypes of Arachis hypogea l. (groundnut)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 369
Author(s):  
Yusuf M. Abdullahi ◽  
Abuhuraira Ado M. ◽  
Ibrahim Baba ◽  
Hamza Garba ◽  
Muhammad N. Salihu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Edible Oil ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Arachis Hypogea

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Groundnut (<em>Arachis hypogea </em>L.) also known as peanut is one of the world’s principal oilseed crop. The plant originated in South America, but is widely distributed throughout the tropic and warm temperate areas in Asia, Africa, Oceania, North and South America and Europe. This study aimed to evaluate the proximate content of some genotype of groundnut (<em>Arachis hypogea </em>L.).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of<strong> </strong>four different groundnut varieties were used in this study; the varieties were obtained from international crop research institute for the semi-arid tropic (ICRISAT) Kano station. Samples selected were Samaru nut 11 (Samnut-11); Samaru nut 22 (Samnut-22); Samaru nut 23 (Samnut-23); and Samaru nut 24 (Samnut-24). The analysis was conducted in the animal laboratory faculty of Agricultural sciences, in Bayero University Kano, Nigeria. The moisture, ash, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber and nitrogen free extract of the samples were detected using a standard procedure adapted from official methods of analysis 1990. Data was analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and means were separated using Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK) in SAS version 9.3.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The higher content of ash was found in Samnut-24 (4.4%), and Samnut-23 (11.8%) was found to have highest moisture. Samnut-23 has the highest content of crude protein (30.6%) and crude fiber (4.7%). A higher content of fat and oil (ether extraction) was found in Samnut-23 (40.0%) and a higher content of soluble carbohydrate (NFE) was found in Samnut-11(27.4%) and Samnut-22 (27.4%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Groundnut characteristically contained high level of oil and protein with low level of moisture, ash and carbohydrate; this makes it a potential source of edible-oil. The high protein of the defatted groundnut makes it good as cake for human consumption and useful as animal feeds. Samnut-23 has enriched edible-oil content and the crude protein, while Samnut-22 has low oil content and protein, but has enriched with NFE. Based on the conclusion it was recommended that further research should be carried out on the quality of proximate content of groundnut between the four varieties.</p>

scholarly journals Caractéristiques Physico-Chimiques Des Eaux De La Nappe Alluviale De La Vallée Du Goulbi N'Kaba Dans La Région De Maradi Au Niger

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Laoualy Yahouza ◽  
Sandao Issoufou ◽  
Maman Sani Abdou Babaye ◽  
Bruno Metral ◽  
Boureima Ousmane
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Alluvial Aquifer ◽  
Extractive Industries ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Guideline Values ◽  
Calcium Bicarbonate ◽  
Who Guideline

The Goulbi N'Kaba valley is located in the Maradi region of southcentral Niger. It contains an alluvial aquifer that is used for the drinking water supply, breeding, increasingly more irrigation and for the extractive industries. In addition, this valley is subject to the effects of climate change. A study is needed to improve the knowledge of this water resource, a condition for a better match between the uses and the potentialities of the aquifer. The investigations on the physicochemical parameters and the stable isotopes of the water molecule (oxygen 18 and deuterium), made it possible to reach the following main results: The waters of the alluvial aquifer are slightly acidic, with a pH ranging from 5,2 to 7.2. The mineralization is relatively weak with conductivities between 89,3 and 325 μs/cm, resulting in sodium and calcium bicarbonate facies. These waters are generally good for human consumption and for irrigation. However, in the center of the study area, fluorine and nitrate contents are observed that exceed the WHO guideline values (2006).

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF AN INSTRUMENT TO MEASURE MALAYSIAN HOUSEHOLDS’ INTENTION TO PRACTICE SOLID WASTE SEGREGATION-AT-SOURCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Kai Wah Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Responsibility To Protect ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Waste Segregation ◽  
Development And Validation

The growth of public awareness about environmental concerns is triggered since the late 1960s. Today, it becomes an international highlight on the importance of protecting the natural environment by developing the environmental consciousness and awareness to society. Besides that, there is an increasing trend in the daily generation of municipal solid waste due to the human consumption patterns lately. Therefore, the best way to manage this public health issue should be started from the waste segregation-at-source. Ultimately, by realising the scarce knowledge and research within the field, this research can provide a platform to investigate the knowledge gap and its literature by building a good dataset with respect to the intention to practise solid waste segregation-at-source for the Malaysian government bodies, consumers, and non-governmental organisations. So that, they can raise their environmental concern and inculcate their sense of responsibility to protect the cleanliness of the environment among Malaysian households.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Physico-Chemical Parameters of Borehole, Pond and Well Water in Kashere Metropolis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Abdulkadir A. Gidado ◽  
Ibrahim Halliru ◽  
Christiana Anawuese Kendeson ◽  
Yusuf Abdullahi
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Major Cations ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
High Turbidity

In a bid to ascertain the quality of water for human consumption in Kashere Metropolis, essential physico-chemical parameters were evaluated on samples of drinking water obtained from boreholes, pond and wells located at densely populated areas, labelled as: Kashere cattle market Pond, KP; Kashere cottage Hospital Borehole, HB; Kashere Market Borehole, MB; Federal University, Kashere (FUK) campus Borehole, CB; Kashere cottage Hospital Well, HW; Kashere Market Well, MW and FUK campus Well, CW. Standard procedure for the determination of chemical and physical characteristics of the water samples were used. The results of the investigated parameters in the samples were as follows: ρH 6.61‒7.96, Turbidity 0.0‒2568 FTU, Electrical Conductivity 60.5‒1151 Mhocm-1, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 25.9‒518.0 mgL-1, Ca 0.0033‒0.5446 ppm, Mg 0.0793‒1.2215 ppm, Cd 0.0010‒0.0030 ppm, Zn 0.0024‒0.l054 ppm, Pb 0.0002‒0.0026 ppm and Fe 0.0044‒0.5649 ppm. Except for the concentration of Fe (in CB; 0.5649 ppm), all the analyzed minor and major cations in the water samples were in very low concentration and below the permissible limits of WHO standard guidelines values for drinking water.  It is recommended that, water from the pond should be properly treated before consumption due to its high turbidity.  Also periodic assessment of the quality of drinking water from these water sources should be conducted, to ascertain that they are not contaminated by either or both organic and inorganic pollutants.

scholarly journals Lead, mercury and arsenic content in spices: Black, white and green pepper, black cumin and ginger

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavica Blagojevic ◽  
Stevan Blagojevic ◽  
Biljana Begovic
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Microwave Digestion ◽  
Hydride Generation ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Green Pepper ◽  
Black Cumin

In order to evaluate the safety of selected commercial spices brands, concentration of lead, mercury and arsenic, as well as moisture and mineral contents were analyzed in samples of dried black and white pepper powders, black, white and green peppercorns, black cumin seeds and ginger powder. Lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As) concentrations in spice samples purchased from local markets in Belgrade were determined, after a microwave digestion of the samples, by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), using the graphite furnace AAS technique (Pb), cold vapor AAS technique (Hg) and hydride generation AAS technique (As). Trace levels of Pb, Hg and As in the selected dried spices samples were in the range 0.10 ppm - 0.79 ppm, 0.01 ppm - 0.10 ppm and 0.01 ppm - 0.51 ppm, respectively. The maximum Pb concentration was determined in the sample of ginger and it was 0.79 ppm, the maximum concentration of Hg was 0.10 ppm, determined in green peppercorns samples, while the maximum concentration of As in powdered black pepper sample was 0.51 ppm. The moisture and mineral contents in the different analyzed spices were in the range 1.70-13.10% and 3.40-6.50%, respectively. According to the obtained results, the concentrations of the analyzed toxic elements, as well as the moisture and mineral content in selected spices, were below the maximum permissible limits declared by the national legislations deemed safe for human consumption.

scholarly journals Stabilization of Chromium (VI) in the Presence of Iron (II): Method Development and Validation

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Mahringer ◽  
Chantal Polenz ◽  
Fatima El-Athman
Keyword(s):  
Method Development ◽  
Total Chromium ◽  
Carbonate Buffer ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
Guideline Values ◽  
Hydrogen Carbonate ◽  
Method Development And Validation ◽  
Development And Validation

The presence of Cr (VI) in drinking water is mainly caused by leaching of chromium-containing aquifer material into groundwater. In contrast to Cr (III), it has been classified as highly toxic. For this reason, the WHO recommends the implementation of separate guideline values, instead of the so far used limit value of total chromium. The separate evaluation of Cr (VI) in raw water and during removal processes requires the Cr (VI) concentration to remain stable after sampling. In the presence of Fe (II), a stabilization of the samples is necessary to inhibit further reduction of Cr (VI) by Fe (II). In this study, two methods of Cr (VI) stabilization in Fe-(II)-containing water samples are investigated: Fe (II) oxidation by oxygen at high pH values in the presence of buffers and Fe (II) complexation by chelating agents. When adding hydrogen carbonate buffer, Cr (VI) recovery reached 100% at pH values of 10 to 12 in the presence of up to 3 mg L–1 Fe (II). Using hydrogen phosphate buffer, Cr (VI) recovery reached 100% only at pH 12 but for a Fe (II) concentration up to 6 mg L–1. Ammonium buffer was found to be less suitable for Cr (VI) stabilization. The addition of EDTA and citrate resulted in low recovery of Cr (VI), whereas citrate was found to accelerate the Cr (VI) reduction.

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