scholarly journals Endogenous Taurine Downregulation Is Required for Renal Injury in Salt-Sensitive Hypertensive Rats via CBS/H2S Inhibition

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Pan Huang ◽  
Yaqian Huang ◽  
Boyang Lv ◽  
Heng Zhang ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Renal Injury ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Renin Angiotensin

Although taurine is known to exert an antihypertensive effect, it is unclear whether it is involved in the mechanism for hypertension-related target organ injury. To reveal the role of endogenous taurine in renal injury formation during salt-sensitive hypertension and clarify its mechanisms, both salt-sensitive Dahl rats and salt-resistant SS-13BN rats were fed a high-salt diet (8% NaCl) and given 2% taurine for 6 weeks. Rat systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured by the tail-cuff method and artery catheterization. Kidney ultrastructure was observed under an electron microscope. Taurine content and mRNA and protein levels of taurine synthases, cysteine dioxygenase type 1 (CDO1) and cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase (CSAD), were decreased in Dahl rats fed a high-salt diet. However, taurine supplementation and the resulting increase in renal taurine content reduced the increased SBP and improved renal function and structural damage in high-salt diet-fed Dahl rats. In contrast, taurine did not affect SS-13BN SBP and renal function and structure. Taurine intervention increased the renal H2S content and enhanced cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) expression and activity in Dahl rats fed a high-salt diet. Taurine reduced the renin, angiotensin II, and aldosterone contents and the levels of oxidative stress indices in Dahl rat renal tissues but increased antioxidant capacity, antioxidant enzyme activity, and protein expression. However, taurine failed to achieve this effect in the renal tissue of SS-13BN rats fed a high-salt diet. Pretreatment with the CBS inhibitor HA or renal CBS knockdown inhibited H2S generation and subsequently blocked the effect of taurine on renin, superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) levels in high-salt-stimulated Dahl renal slices. In conclusion, the downregulation of endogenous taurine production resulted in a decrease in the renal CBS/H2S pathway. This decrease subsequently promoted renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation and oxidative stress in the kidney, ultimately contributing to renal injury in salt-sensitive Dahl rats.

scholarly journals Hydrogen Sulfide Inhibits High-Salt Diet-Induced Renal Oxidative Stress and Kidney Injury in Dahl Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pan Huang ◽  
Zhizhou Shen ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Yaqian Huang ◽  
Siyao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Antioxidative Activity ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Sd Rats

Background. The study was designed to investigate if H2S could inhibit high-salt diet-induced renal excessive oxidative stress and kidney injury in Dahl rats.Methods. Male salt-sensitive Dahl and SD rats were used. Blood pressure (BP), serum creatinine, urea, creatinine clearance rate, and 24-hour urine protein were measured. Renal ultra- and microstructures were observed. Collagen-I and -III contents the oxidants and antioxidants levels in renal tissue were detected. Keap1/Nrf2 association and Keap1 s-sulfhydration were detected.Results. After 8 weeks of high-salt diet, BP was significantly increased, renal function and structure were impaired, and collagen deposition was abundant in renal tissues with increased renal MPO activity, H2O2, MDA, GSSG, and•OH contents, reduced renal T-AOC and GSH contents, CAT, GSH-PX and SOD activity, and SOD expressions in Dahl rats. Furthermore, endogenous H2S in renal tissues was decreased in Dahl rats. H2S donor, however, decreased BP, improved renal function and structure, and inhibited collagen excessive deposition in kidney, in association with increased antioxidative activity and reduced oxidative stress in renal tissues. H2S activated Nrf2 by inducing Keap1 s-sulfhydration and subsequent Keap1/Nrf2 disassociation.Conclusions. H2S protected against high-salt diet-induced renal injury associated with enhanced antioxidant capacity and inhibited renal oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Metabolic Syndrome and Salt-Sensitive Hypertension in Polygenic Obese TALLYHO/JngJ Mice: Role of Na/K-ATPase Signaling

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 3495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanling Yan ◽  
Jiayan Wang ◽  
Muhammad A. Chaudhry ◽  
Ying Nie ◽  
Shuyan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Protein Carbonylation ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Kidney Cortex ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Sensitive Hypertension

We have demonstrated that Na/K-ATPase acts as a receptor for reactive oxygen species (ROS), regulating renal Na+ handling and blood pressure. TALLYHO/JngJ (TH) mice are believed to mimic the state of obesity in humans with a polygenic background of type 2 diabetes. This present work is to investigate the role of Na/K-ATPase signaling in TH mice, focusing on susceptibility to hypertension due to chronic excess salt ingestion. Age-matched male TH and the control C57BL/6J (B6) mice were fed either normal diet or high salt diet (HS: 2, 4, and 8% NaCl) to construct the renal function curve. Na/K-ATPase signaling including c-Src and ERK1/2 phosphorylation, as well as protein carbonylation (a commonly used marker for enhanced ROS production), were assessed in the kidney cortex tissues by Western blot. Urinary and plasma Na+ levels were measured by flame photometry. When compared to B6 mice, TH mice developed salt-sensitive hypertension and responded to a high salt diet with a significant rise in systolic blood pressure indicative of a blunted pressure-natriuresis relationship. These findings were evidenced by a decrease in total and fractional Na+ excretion and a right-shifted renal function curve with a reduced slope. This salt-sensitive hypertension correlated with changes in the Na/K-ATPase signaling. Specifically, Na/K-ATPase signaling was not able to be stimulated by HS due to the activated baseline protein carbonylation, phosphorylation of c-Src and ERK1/2. These findings support the emerging view that Na/K-ATPase signaling contributes to metabolic disease and suggest that malfunction of the Na/K-ATPase signaling may promote the development of salt-sensitive hypertension in obesity. The increased basal level of renal Na/K-ATPase-dependent redox signaling may be responsible for the development of salt-sensitive hypertension in polygenic obese TH mice.

Abstract 16835: Targeted Disruption of Paraoxonase 3 in a Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rat Model of Chronic Kidney Disease Increases Renal Cortical Pro-Inflammatory Eicosanoids

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chrysan J Mohammed ◽  
Fatimah K Khalaf ◽  
Prabhatchandra Dube ◽  
Tyler J Reid ◽  
Jacob A Connolly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Injury ◽  
Renal Cortex ◽  
High Salt ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Targeted Disruption ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Mediators Of Inflammation

Background: Paraoxonase 3 (Pon3), is one of the three isoforms of the paraoxonase gene family. While Pon1 and Pon2 are widely studied, there is a paucity of knowledge regarding Pon3. Pon3 is synthesized in the liver and can circulate bound to high-density lipoproteins. There is significant expression in the kidney also. Pon3 has the ability to metabolize eicosanoids, which can act as signaling molecules and have known roles in the pathophysiology of some renal diseases. Decreased Pon activity is associated with elevated levels of eicosanoid metabolites and adverse clinical outcomes. We tested the hypothesis that targeted disruption of Pon3 results in elevated levels of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids and progression of renal injury. Methods/ Results: Ten week old male Dahl salt-sensitive (SS rats) and Pon3 mutant rats (SS Pon3 KO) were maintained on 8% high salt diet for eight weeks, to initiate salt-sensitive hypertensive renal disease. Previously we observed that SS Pon3 KO rats on eight weeks high salt diet demonstrated significantly increased phenotypic renal injury and mortality. In the current study, we noted that SS Pon3 KO had significantly decreased (p<0.05) glomerular filtration rate compared to SS wild type. Blood pressure (radiotelemetry) as well as plasma angiotensin and aldosterone (LC-MS/MS) were not different between the two groups after high salt diet. We used targeted lipidomic profiling to determine eicosanoid content in renal cortex from SS Pon3 KO and SS wild type rats at the end of eight weeks of high salt diet. We found that hydroxyl fatty acids 5-HEPE and 5-HETE (5-lipoxygenase dependent arachidonic acid metabolites) were significantly (p<0.05) elevated in the renal cortex of SS Pon3 KO compared to SS wild type rats. In addition to being mediators of inflammation, these metabolites are associated with renal cell injury and death. Furthermore, prostaglandin 6-keto-PGF 1α , which has known links to renal inflammation, was significantly (p<0.05) increased in renal cortex of SS- Pon3 KO compared to SS wild type rats. Conclusion: These findings suggest that targeted deletion of Pon3 increases pro-inflammatory eicosanoids (5-HETE and 5-HEPE) and prostaglandins (6-keto-PGF 1α ), as well as increases renal damage independent of blood pressure.

High-salt diet enhances hippocampal oxidative stress and cognitive impairment in mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Zi Liu ◽  
Ji-Kuai Chen ◽  
Zhang-Peng Li ◽  
Ting Zhao ◽  
Min Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
High Salt ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet

Abstract 370: Upregulation of Renal D5 Dopamine Receptor Ameliorates Hypertension in D3 Deficient Mice

Hypertension ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Wang ◽  
Crisanto S Escano ◽  
Laureano Asico ◽  
John E Jones ◽  
Alan Barte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Dopamine Receptors ◽  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
High Salt ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Deficient Mice

D 3 dopamine receptor (D 3 R) deficient mice have renin-dependent hypertension but the hypertension is mild and is not associated with oxidative stress. In order to determine if any compensatory mechanism in the kidney is involved in the regulation of blood pressure with disruption of D 3 R, we measured the renal protein expression of dopamine receptors in D 3 R homozygous (D 3 -/-) and heterozygous (D 3 +/-) knockout mice and their wild type (D 3 +/+) littermates. D 5 dopamine receptor (D 5 R) (169±23%, reported as % of D 3 +/+, n=5/group) expression was increased but D 4 dopamine receptors protein expression (59±8%) was decreased, while no significant changes were found with D 1 and D 2 dopamine receptors. Immunocytochemistry showed a stronger renal staining of D 5 R but without a change in renal tubule cell distribution in D 3 -/- relative to D 3 +/+ mice. D 5 R abundance was also increased in D 3 +/- (205±30%, n=5/group) relative to D 3 +/+ mice, while D 1 R abundance was similar between D 3 +/- and D 3 +/+ mice. The increase in D 5 R expression was abolished while blood pressure was increased further in D 3 -/- mice fed a high salt diet. Treatment of the D 1 -like (including D 1 and D 5 receptors) antagonist, SCH23390 , increased the blood pressure to a greater extent in anesthetized D 3 -/- mice than in D 3 +/+ mice (n=4/group), suggesting that the upregulation of D 5 R may modulate the hypertension in mice caused by the disruption of D 3 R. Since dopamine inhibits the NADPH oxidase-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the D 5 R, we also measured the protein expression of NOXs in the kidney and isoprostane in the urine. No NADPH oxidase subunit was increased in D 3 -/- and D 3 +/- mice relative to D 3 +/+ mice fed a normal or salt high salt diet, and urinary isoprostane excretion was also similar in D 3 -/- and D 3 +/+ mice. Our findings suggest that the upregulation of D 5 R may minimize the hypertension and prevent oxidative stress in D 3 -/- mice.

scholarly journals Association of a Disrupted Dipping Pattern of Blood Pressure with Progression of Renal Injury during the Development of Salt-Dependent Hypertension in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Sufiun ◽  
Asadur Rahman ◽  
Kazi Rafiq ◽  
Yoshihide Fujisawa ◽  
Daisuke Nakano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Renal Injury ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
The Difference

The aim of the present study is to investigate whether a disruption of the dipping pattern of blood pressure (BP) is associated with the progression of renal injury in Dahl salt-sensitive (DSS) hypertensive rats. Seven-week-old DSS rats were fed a high salt diet (HSD; 8% NaCl) for 10 weeks, followed by a transition to a normal salt diet (NSD; 0.3% NaCl) for 4 weeks. At baseline, NSD-fed DSS rats showed a dipper-type circadian rhythm of BP. By contrast, HSD for 5 days caused a significant increase in the difference between the active and inactive periods of BP with an extreme dipper type of BP, while proteinuria and renal tissue injury were not observed. Interestingly, HSD feeding for 10 weeks developed hypertension with a non-dipper pattern of BP, which was associated with obvious proteinuria and renal tissue injury. Four weeks after switching to an NSD, BP and proteinuria were significantly decreased, and the BP circadian rhythm returned to the normal dipper pattern. These data suggest that the non-dipper pattern of BP is associated with the progression of renal injury during the development of salt-dependent hypertension.

Cyperus esculentus L. (tigernut) mitigates high salt diet‐associated testicular toxicity in Wistar rats by targeting testicular steroidogenesis, oxidative stress and inflammation

Andrologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justina Nwandimma Nwangwa ◽  
Augustine Lishilinimye Udefa ◽  
Ernest Atelhe Amama ◽  
Inah Onete Inah ◽  
Hamza Joseph Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Testicular Toxicity ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Testicular Steroidogenesis

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori AdaptationIn Vivoin Response to a High-Salt Diet

2015 ◽  
Vol 83 (12) ◽  
pp. 4871-4883 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Loh ◽  
Jennifer A. Gaddy ◽  
Holly M. Scott Algood ◽  
Silvana Gaudieri ◽  
Simon Mallal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Mongolian Gerbils ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Regular Diet ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Helicobacter pyloriexhibits a high level of intraspecies genetic diversity. In this study, we investigated whether the diversification ofH. pyloriis influenced by the composition of the diet. Specifically, we investigated the effect of a high-salt diet (a known risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma) onH. pyloridiversification within a host. We analyzedH. pyloristrains isolated from Mongolian gerbils fed either a high-salt diet or a regular diet for 4 months by proteomic and whole-genome sequencing methods. Compared to the input strain and output strains from animals fed a regular diet, the output strains from animals fed a high-salt diet produced higher levels of proteins involved in iron acquisition and oxidative-stress resistance. Several of these changes were attributable to a nonsynonymous mutation infur(fur-R88H). Further experiments indicated that this mutation conferred increased resistance to high-salt conditions and oxidative stress. We propose a model in which a high-salt diet leads to high levels of gastric inflammation and associated oxidative stress inH. pylori-infected animals and that these conditions, along with the high intraluminal concentrations of sodium chloride, lead to selection ofH. pyloristrains that are most fit for growth in this environment.

scholarly journals High-salt diet increases glomerular ACE/ACE2 ratio leading to oxidative stress and kidney damage

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 1793-1800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Bernardi ◽  
Barbara Toffoli ◽  
Cristina Zennaro ◽  
Christos Tikellis ◽  
Silvia Monticone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
High Salt ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet
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