scholarly journals Relieving the Congestion around a School via Automatic Vehicle Identification Technology-Based Traffic Measures

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Bo Li ◽  
Zhi Yu ◽  
Weiwei Sun ◽  
Kaiying Chen ◽  
Teng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Activity Levels ◽  
Traffic Enforcement ◽  
The Road ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Management Objectives ◽  
Road Congestion ◽  
Vehicle Identification ◽  
Automatic Vehicle Identification ◽  
Data Environment ◽  
The Individual

Recently, many parents drive their children to and from schools, leading to serious road congestion around the school gate. The school-related congestion is a special type of congestion caused by periodic impulsive aggregation of specific travellers for certain events. In this study, the individual long short-term traffic behaviours were reconstructed based on automatic vehicle identification (AVI) technologies. The cause and countermeasure of congestion around the service centers were identified through the individual behavioural properties. The vehicles that were primarily responsible for periodic impulsive aggregation congestion (PIAC) around the school gate were precisely targeted via a proposed vehicle grading clustering framework. The road management objectives were updated in the AVI data environment and it was found that only 3%–5% of the total number of vehicles passing by the school gate require specific management such as traffic enforcement activities. A series of traffic measures were formulated based on the results of vehicle grading clustering and achieved positive effects in a periodic impulsive aggregation area. It is an effective way to solve the PIAC by formulating management with different activity levels and resolutions for specific travellers. The methodologies and experience presented in this study may provide a useful tool for relieving such special type of congestion around other service centers faced with similar scenarios.

Truck Travel Time Around Weigh Stations: Effects of Weigh in Motion and Automatic Vehicle Identification Systems

2000 ◽  
Vol 1716 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahim F. Benekohal ◽  
Yoassry M. El-Zohairy ◽  
Stanley Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Average Delay ◽  
The Road ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Electronic Screening ◽  
Vehicle Identification ◽  
Weigh In Motion ◽  
Automatic Vehicle Identification ◽  
On The Road

Weigh in motion (WIM) technology may provide an efficient and cost-effective complement to static weighing. An evaluation of the effectiveness of an automated bypass system around a weigh station in Illinois is presented. The system combines the use of automatic vehicle identification (AVI), high-speed weigh in motion (HSWIM), and low-speed weigh in motion (LSWIM) technologies to facilitate preclearance for trucks at the weigh station. The preinstallation conditions were compared with post-installation conditions of WIM/AVI so that the effects and benefits of the system could be evaluated. During preinstallation, average delay was 4.9 min/truck, and 7 percent of trucks had delays of more than 10 min. The station was intermittently closed to prevent the truck queue from backing up onto the Interstate highway, allowing 15 to 51 percent of trucks to bypass the station without being weighed. In postinstallation, the delay for trucks equipped with transponder and allowed to bypass on the freeway was reduced by 4.17 min. The delay for trucks equipped with transponders and allowed to bypass inside the weigh station was reduced by 2.02 min. The delay for trucks that reported to the weigh station decreased by 1.25 min. On the other hand, less than 1 percent of trucks that have been observed in after-study were able to bypass on the freeway. With greater numbers of trucks being checked, fewer trucks on the road may exceed the allowable weight limits. Consequently, electronic screening minimizes road deterioration and risks to public safety and levels the playing field for illegally operating carriers and carriers who operate in compliance with the law.

scholarly journals Public Roads as Places of Interspecies Conflict: A Study of Horse-Human Interactions on UK Roads and Impacts on Equine Exercise

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1072
Author(s):  
Danica Pollard ◽  
Tamzin Furtado
Keyword(s):  
Near Miss ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Near Misses ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Emotional Management ◽  
The Road ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Conflict Risk ◽  
The Individual

Real or perceived traffic risk is a significant barrier to walking and cycling. To understand whether similar barriers influence equestrians, this study obtained exercise behaviours, road use and experiences of road-related incidents from UK equestrians (n = 6390) via an online questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with road use and experiencing a near-miss or injury-causing incident in the previous year. Content analysis identified themes around equestrians’ decisions not to use roads. Our results show that most equestrians (84%) use roads at least once weekly, and in the previous year, 67.7% had a near-miss and 6.1% an injury-causing incident. Road use differs regionally, with exercise type and off-road route availability. Road-using equestrians covered greater daily distances and were younger. However, younger equestrians were at higher risk of near-misses. Respondents’ decisions not to use roads were based on individualised risk assessments arising from: the road itself, perceptions of other road users, the individual horse and the handler’s own emotional management. Roads were perceived as extremely dangerous places with potentially high conflict risk. Injury-causing incidents were associated with increasing road-use anxiety or ceasing to use roads, the proximity of off-road routes, having a near-miss and type of road use. Targeted road-safety campaigns and improved off-road access would create safer equestrian spaces.

The role of organizational culture in the knowledge management process

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Ling-hsing Chang ◽  
Tung-Ching Lin
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge Resources ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual

Purpose – The purpose of the study is to focus on the enhancement of knowledge management (KM) performance and the relationship between organizational culture and KM process intention of individuals because of the diversity of organizational cultures (which include results-oriented, tightly controlled, job-oriented, closed system and professional-oriented cultures). Knowledge is a primary resource in organizations. If firms are able to effectively manage their knowledge resources, then a wide range of benefits can be reaped such as improved corporate efficiency, effectiveness, innovation and customer service. Design/methodology/approach – The survey methodology, which has the ability to enhance generalization of results (Dooley, 2001), was used to collect the data utilized in the testing of the research hypotheses. Findings – Results- and job-oriented cultures have positive effects on employee intention in the KM process (creation, storage, transfer and application), whereas a tightly controlled culture has negative effects. Research limitations/implications – However, it would have been better to use a longitudinal study to collect useful long-term data to understand how the KM process would be influenced when organizational culture dimensions are changed through/by management. This is the first limitation of this study. According to Mason and Pauleen (2003), KM culture is a powerful predictor of individual knowledge-sharing behavior, which is not included in this study. Thus, this is the second limitation of this paper. Moreover, national culture could be an important issue in the KM process (Jacks et al., 2012), which is the third limitation of this paper for not comprising it. Practical implications – In researchers’ point of view, results- and job-oriented cultures have positive effects, whereas a tightly controlled culture has a negative effect on the KM process intention of the individual. These findings provide evidences that challenge the perspective of Kayworth and Leidner (2003) on this issue. As for practitioners, management has a direction to modify their organizational culture to improve the performance of KM process. Social implications – Both behavioral and value perspectives of the organizational cultural dimensions (results-oriented, tightly control, job-oriented, sociability, solidarity, need for achievement and democracy) should be examined to ascertain their effects firstly on KM culture and then on the KM process intention of the individual. It is hoped that the current study will spawn future investigations that lead to the development of an integrated model which includes organizational culture, KM culture and the KM process intention of the individual. Originality/value – The results-oriented, loosely controlled and job-oriented cultures will improve the effectiveness of the KM process and will also increase employees’ satisfaction and willingness to stay with the organization.

scholarly journals Macroscopic dynamics and the collapse of urban traffic

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (50) ◽  
pp. 12654-12661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis E. Olmos ◽  
Serdar Çolak ◽  
Sajjad Shafiei ◽  
Meead Saberi ◽  
Marta C. González
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Nonequilibrium Phase Transition ◽  
Vehicle Miles Traveled ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Capacity ◽  
Total Vehicle ◽  
The Individual

Stories of mega-jams that last tens of hours or even days appear not only in fiction but also in reality. In this context, it is important to characterize the collapse of the network, defined as the transition from a characteristic travel time to orders of magnitude longer for the same distance traveled. In this multicity study, we unravel this complex phenomenon under various conditions of demand and translate it to the travel time of the individual drivers. First, we start with the current conditions, showing that there is a characteristic time τ that takes a representative group of commuters to arrive at their destinations once their maximum density has been reached. While this time differs from city to city, it can be explained by Γ, defined as the ratio of the vehicle miles traveled to the total vehicle distance the road network can support per hour. Modifying Γ can improve τ and directly inform planning and infrastructure interventions. In this study we focus on measuring the vulnerability of the system by increasing the volume of cars in the network, keeping the road capacity and the empirical spatial dynamics from origins to destinations unchanged. We identify three states of urban traffic, separated by two distinctive transitions. The first one describes the appearance of the first bottlenecks and the second one the collapse of the system. This collapse is marked by a given number of commuters in each city and it is formally characterized by a nonequilibrium phase transition.

Automatic vehicle identification for Argentinean license plates using intelligent template matching

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1066-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolás Fernando Gazcón ◽  
Carlos Iván Chesñevar ◽  
Silvia Mabel Castro
Keyword(s):  
Template Matching ◽  
Vehicle Identification ◽  
Automatic Vehicle Identification
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