scholarly journals Role of Polyphenols as Antioxidant Supplementation in Ischemic Stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhou ◽  
Shanshan Zhang ◽  
Xiang Fan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Target ◽  
Antioxidant Effects ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Stroke is the second most common cause of death globally and the leading cause of death in China. The pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia injury is complex, and oxidative stress plays an important role in the fundamental pathologic progression of cerebral damage in ischemic stroke. Previous studies have preliminarily confirmed that oxidative stress should be a potential therapeutic target and antioxidant as a treatment strategy for ischemic stroke. Emerging experimental studies have demonstrated that polyphenols exert the antioxidant potential to play the neuroprotection role after ischemic stroke. This comprehensive review summarizes antioxidant effects of some polyphenols, which have the most inhibition effects on reactive oxygen species generation and oxidative stress after ischemic stroke.

scholarly journals The Role of MicroRNAs in Diabetes-Related Oxidative Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 5423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirza Muhammad Fahd Qadir ◽  
Dagmar Klein ◽  
Silvia Álvarez-Cubela ◽  
Juan Domínguez-Bendala ◽  
Ricardo Luis Pastori
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Cellular Stress ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Cellular stress, combined with dysfunctional, inadequate mitochondrial phosphorylation, produces an excessive amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an increased level of ROS in cells, which leads to oxidation and subsequent cellular damage. Because of its cell damaging action, an association between anomalous ROS production and disease such as Type 1 (T1D) and Type 2 (T2D) diabetes, as well as their complications, has been well established. However, there is a lack of understanding about genome-driven responses to ROS-mediated cellular stress. Over the last decade, multiple studies have suggested a link between oxidative stress and microRNAs (miRNAs). The miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that mostly suppress expression of the target gene by interaction with its 3’untranslated region (3′UTR). In this paper, we review the recent progress in the field, focusing on the association between miRNAs and oxidative stress during the progression of diabetes.

scholarly journals The Role of Oxidative Stress in Cardiac Disease: From Physiological Response to Injury Factor

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossella D’Oria ◽  
Rossella Schipani ◽  
Anna Leonardini ◽  
Annalisa Natalicchio ◽  
Sebastio Perrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Myocardial Injury ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Molecular Abnormalities ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive chemical species containing oxygen, controlled by both enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant defense systems. In the heart, ROS play an important role in cell homeostasis, by modulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and excitation-contraction coupling. Oxidative stress occurs when ROS production exceeds the buffering capacity of the antioxidant defense systems, leading to cellular and molecular abnormalities, ultimately resulting in cardiac dysfunction. In this review, we will discuss the physiological sources of ROS in the heart, the mechanisms of oxidative stress-related myocardial injury, and the implications of experimental studies and clinical trials with antioxidant therapies in cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals The role of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress in carbon monoxide toxicity: An in-depth analysis

Redox Report ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 180-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumeyya Akyol ◽  
Serpil Erdogan ◽  
Nuri Idiz ◽  
Safa Celik ◽  
Mehmet Kaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Epilepsy: Literature Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Clayton Torres Aguiar ◽  
Anália Barbosa Almeida ◽  
Paulo Victor Pontes Araújo ◽  
Rita Neuma Dantas Cavalcante de Abreu ◽  
Edna Maria Camelo Chaves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Brain Disorder ◽  
Chronic Oxidative Stress ◽  
Seizure Models ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Backgrounds. The production of free radicals has a role in the regulation of biological function, cellular damage, and the pathogenesis of central nervous system conditions. Epilepsy is a highly prevalent serious brain disorder, and oxidative stress is regarded as a possible mechanism involved in epileptogenesis. Experimental studies suggest that oxidative stress is a contributing factor to the onset and evolution of epilepsy.Objective. A review was conducted to investigate the link between oxidative stress and seizures, and oxidative stress and age as risk factors for epilepsy. The role of oxidative stress in seizure induction and propagation is also discussed.Results/Conclusions. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are involved in neuronal death and seizures. There is evidence that suggests that antioxidant therapy may reduce lesions induced by oxidative free radicals in some animal seizure models. Studies have demonstrated that mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with chronic oxidative stress and may have an essential role in the epileptogenesis process; however, few studies have shown an established link between oxidative stress, seizures, and age.

The role of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress in environmental carcinogenesis and biomarker development

2010 ◽  
Vol 188 (2) ◽  
pp. 334-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Ziech ◽  
Rodrigo Franco ◽  
Alexandros G. Georgakilas ◽  
Stavroula Georgakila ◽  
Vasiliki Malamou-Mitsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Environmental Carcinogenesis ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Tryptophan-kynurenine pathway as a novel link between gut microbiota and schizophrenia: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 897-905
Author(s):  
Yaping Wang ◽  
Xiuxia Yuan ◽  
Yulin Kang ◽  
Xueqin Song
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Neuronal Excitability ◽  
Kynurenine Pathway ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Tryptophan Catabolism ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Gut microbiota and its metabolite tryptophan play an important role in regulating neurotransmission, immune homeostasis and oxidative stress which are critical for brain development. The kynurenine pathway is the main route of tryptophan catabolism. Kynurenine metabolites regulate many biological processes including host-microbiome communication, immunity and oxidative stress, as well as neuronal excitability. The accumulation of metabolites produced by kynurenine pathway in brain results in the activation of the immune system (increase in the levels of inflammatory factors) and oxidative stress (production of reactive oxygen species, ROS), which are associated with mental disorders, for example schizophrenia. Thus, it was hypothesized that perturbations in kynurenine pathway could cause activation of immunity, and that oxidative stress may be involved in the etiology of schizophrenia. The present work is a review of the latest studies on the possible role of kynurenine pathway in schizophrenia, and mechanism(s) involved.

Improvement of a novel proposal for antioxidant treatment against brain damage occurring in ischemic stroke patients.

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofía Orellana-Urzúa ◽  
Gonzalo Claps ◽  
Ramón Rodrigo
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Cerebral Injury ◽  
Therapeutic Window ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Iron Release ◽  
Stroke Patients

: The underlying mechanism of cerebral injury occurring in patients with acute ischemic stroke involves a key pathophysiological role of oxidative stress. Thus, reactive oxygen species are related to the development of brain edema, calcium overload, mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, iron release and inflammation. Nevertheless, although experimental studies have tested the use of antioxidants as an adjuvant therapy in this setting, clinical data and randomized trials are still lacking. Current approved pharmacological therapy is aimed at reperfusion strategies; however, the therapeutic window is limited and also challenged by the injury known to result from the reperfusion. We have recently defined a timecourse occurrence of pathological events triggered by reperfusion-dependent increased reactive oxygen species, thus suggesting the beneficial role of the pertinent use of antioxidants. The present study was aimed to support the hypothesis that an enhanced antioxidant neuroprotection could be achieved by the use of two or more antioxidants opportunely provided to ischemic stroke patients focused against the specific mechanism occurring throughout the pathophysiological process. From this paradigm,using an underexplored therapeutic principle, it could be suggested that antioxidant-based therapy is a novel, promising, safe, available and cost-effective strategy against the deleterious effects of ischemic stroke that needs to be further studied in clinical protocols.

scholarly journals The Impact of Herbal Infusion Consumption on Oxidative Stress and Cancer: The Good, the Bad, the Misunderstood

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (18) ◽  
pp. 4207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wamidh H. Talib ◽  
Israa A. AL-ataby ◽  
Asma Ismail Mahmod ◽  
Sajidah Jawarneh ◽  
Lina T. Al Kury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Supplements ◽  
Herbal Infusions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Antioxidant Effects ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress is associated with the development of many ailments, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and cancer. The causal link between oxidative stress and cancer is well established and antioxidants are suggested as a protective mechanism against cancer development. Recently, an increase in the consumption of antioxidant supplements was observed globally. The main sources of these antioxidants include fruits, vegetables, and beverage. Herbal infusions are highly popular beverages consumed daily for different reasons. Studies showed the potent antioxidant effects of plants used in the preparation of some herbal infusions. Such herbal infusions represent an important source of antioxidants and can be used as a dietary protection against cancer. However, uncontrolled consumption of herbal infusions may cause toxicity and reduced antioxidant activity. In this review, eleven widely consumed herbal infusions were evaluated for their antioxidant capacities, anticancer potential and possible toxicity. These herbal infusions are highly popular and consumed as daily drinks in different countries. Studies discussed in this review will provide a solid ground for researchers to have better understanding of the use of herbal infusions to reduce oxidative stress and as protective supplements against cancer development.

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