scholarly journals Short-Term Relocation Stress-Induced Hematological and Immunological Changes in Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Pramod N. Nehete ◽  
Bharti P. Nehete ◽  
Akash G. Patel ◽  
Sriram Chitta ◽  
Henrieta Scholtzova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Squirrel Monkeys ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Social Stressors ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Abrupt Changes ◽  
Ifn Γ

Nonhuman primates are frequently transported to a new location or temporarily relocated within their colony. Both transportation and relocation expose animals to new environments, causing them to undergo a stress response (before adapting). In our NHP colony, the mentioned situations are not infrequent for many reasons, including maintenance. The objective of this study was to determine whether abrupt changes consisting of relocation, housing, separation, and grouping could influence hematological and immunological parameters and thereby functional activity. The current study used squirrel monkeys as a model to investigate the stress-inducing effects of relocation within a facility, while animals acclimated to new situations (physical, housing). A detailed blood analysis revealed significant Changes in lymphocytes, triglycerides, total protein, creatinine, and ALT. Flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood showed reduction in CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells and monocytes, while B cells and natural killer (NK) cells changed with relocation. Simultaneously, changes in functional activity of immune cells altered proliferative responses and as shown by ELISpot (IFN γ). Though the parameters studied are not affected as severely as those in animals transported by road or air, stress responses induced by intrafacility relocation are significant and worth consideration. Our findings indicate that squirrel monkeys mimic the features seen in humans exposed to social stressors and may serve an important model for understanding the mechanisms of stress-induced immune dysfunction in humans.

Molecular cloning of enolase from Trichinella spiralis and the protective immunity in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuliang Zhang ◽  
Lixin Xu ◽  
Xiaokai Song ◽  
Xiangrui Li ◽  
Ruofeng Yan
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Protein ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Recombinant Plasmids ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Th2 Immune Response ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Muscle Larvae ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Negative Controls

Abstract Trichinella spiralis, the main pathogen of trichinosis, infects a wide range of mammalian hosts and is one of the most widespread parasites worldwide. For parasites, glycolysis is the most important way to generate energy. Previous studies showed that some enzymes involved in the glycolytic pathway play roles in regulation the host immunity. In this paper, enolase from T. spiralis was cloned and the protective potentials were studied. One hundred and sixty ICR mice were divided into four groups and vaccinated with recombinant enolase (pET-ENO), eukaryotic recombinant plasmid encoding enolase (pVAX1-ENO) and negative controls (pVAXl and PBS), respectively. Two weeks after the second immunization, each mouse was challenged orally with 200 muscle larvae (MLs) of T. spiralis. Results showed that mice vaccinated with pET-ENO and pVAX1-ENO induced specific antibodies of IgG, IgA, IgM, but no IgE. Subclasses of IgG antibodies showed that mice immunized with recombinant protein and recombinant plasmids induced a Th1/Th2 immune response. Concentrations of serum cytokines were detected and showed significant increase of IFN-γ, IL-4 and TGFβ1, while IL-17 in each group was not significantly different. Flow cytometric analysis showed significant increase of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in the groups immunized with recombinant protein and recombinant plasmids. Challenge infection demonstrated that immunized groups had a reduced number of worm burdens. The reductions of larvae per gram muscle (LPG) in pET-ENO and pVAX1-ENO group were 17.7% and 15.8% when compared with PBS control.

Interferon gamma delays apoptosis of mature erythroid progenitor cells in the absence of erythropoietin

Blood ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 95 (12) ◽  
pp. 3742-3749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilseung Choi ◽  
Koichiro Muta ◽  
Amittha Wickrema ◽  
Sanford B. Krantz ◽  
Junji Nishimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Erythroid Progenitor ◽  
Erythroid Progenitor Cells ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Protease Assay

Based on the hypothesis that interferon gamma (IFN-γ) may have stimulating effects on survival of hematopoietic progenitor cells, we examined the effect of IFN-γ on apoptosis of mature erythroid colony-forming cells (ECFCs) derived from human peripheral blood obtained from normal, healthy volunteers. When the cells were cultured in the presence of IFN-γ, even without erythropoietin (EPO), the viability of the cells was maintained for at least 36 hours. When apoptosis of ECFCs was assessed by flow cytometric analysis', using annexin V, IFN-γ reduced the extent of apoptosis of the cells, as well as EPO. DNA fragmentation of ECFCs was also reduced by IFN-γ. In cells cultured with IFN-γ alone, expression of Bcl-x was detected but the level of expression decreased gradually during incubation for 36 hours, and the expression level was lower than incubation with EPO. Fas expression and activation of downstream caspases were assessed by flow cytometric analysis or fluorometric protease assay. IFN-γ induced Fas expression of the cells without the activation of caspase8 or caspase3 during 16 hours of incubation, while deprivation of EPO induced expression of Fas and the activation of both caspase8 and caspase3. We propose that IFN-γ produces a stimulating signal for the survival of mature erythroid progenitor cells by reducing apoptosis through a mechanism other than modulating Fas and one related to the expression of Bcl-x.

Flow cytometric analysis of intracellular IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 in CD3+4+ T-cells from rat spleen

2000 ◽  
Vol 244 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma M Caraher ◽  
Monique Parenteau ◽  
Heidi Gruber ◽  
Fraser W Scott
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Ifn Γ

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Lymphocyte Subsets in Migraine Patients During and Outside of an Acute Headache Attack

Cephalalgia ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
AD Mosnaim ◽  
H Kulaga ◽  
AJ Adams ◽  
ME Wolf ◽  
J Puente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Total N ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

We have conducted flow cytometric studies of two subsets of lymphocyte markers in groups of migraineurs during ( n = 12; group B) and outside ( n = 10; group C) of a migraine without aura attack (total n = 22; group A), including a group of patients tested in both of these phases ( n = 5; group D), and compared these results with those obtained from a population of age-comparable, sex- and race-matched healthy volunteers ( n = 12; group E). Comparison of the first set of lymphocytes (CD3+CD16+56+, CD3-CD16+56+, CD3-CD19+, CD3+CD19+, and CD3+HLA-DR+) between the patients in group A and the controls (group E) showed differences, reflecting greater group A percentages of CD3+CD16+CD56+ and CD3-CD19+ lymphocytes. Furthermore, these differences reached statistical significance only for the CD3+CD16+CD56+ lymphocytes, and then solely for the patients in group C (Scheffe's test, p< 0.05). Paired analysis of the above lymphocyte markers for subjects in group D failed to show significant differences between patients when they were having and not having a migraine attack, raising the possibility that results from a larger study could show meaningful increases in percentages of CD3+CD16+CD56+ lymphocytes as one of the immune parameters useful for differentiating migraineurs from controls. Comparison of a second set of lymphocyte markers (CD19+CD5+, CD20+CD72-, CD20-CD72+, CD20+CD72+) among either the different groups of patients or between the patients and controls failed, however, to show statistically significant differences, emphasizing the apparent specificity of the findings described above for CD3+CD16+CD56+ lymphocytes. Our results, albeit of a preliminary nature, suggest the occurrence of significant, differential changes in lymphocyte subset immunophenotyping between groups of pain-free migraineurs and patients during an acute migraine episode or controls. Corroboration of these findings may prove useful in clinical laboratory practice to identify changes in immunological parameters specifically associated with migraineurs, and help towards a better understanding of the etiology and pathophysiology of this condition.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY OF NEUTROPHILS AND THE LEVEL OF CYTOKINES OF THE LOCAL FOCUS OF INFLAMMATION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Larisa Latyushina ◽  
Anastasiia Lapteva ◽  
Ekaterina Plechanova ◽  
Ludmila Malysheva ◽  
Nataliya Shirshova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Immunological Methods ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Dental Implantation ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Reducing Activity ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Periapical Inflammation

Subject. The risks of an unfavorable outcome of simultaneous implantation in most cases are associated with the installation of an implant in the tooth wells with chronic foci of odontogenic infection. The goal is to study the effector indicators of phagocytes and the level of cytokines of the local focus of inflammation in patients with various forms of chronic periodontitis. Methodology. The study involved 65 dental patients with a diagnosis of "K 04.5―K 04.9" (ICD-10, 1997), a comprehensive examination using laboratory immunological methods which included the study of the functional activity of neutrophils (phagocytic activity and intensity on a model of latex particle absorption; lysosomal activity and index of the total luminescence of lysosomes; HCT-reducing activity and intensity according to spontaneous and induced tests) and the concentration of IL-1-RA IL-1β, IL-2, IL-8, IFN–α, IFN-γ (PCG/ml) wound detachable wells of the extracted tooth. Results. A study of the immunological parameters of the local foci of periapical inflammation in patients with various forms of chronic periodontitis revealed some features of the cytokine profile and the functional activity of neutrophils in the wound detachable hole of the extracted tooth. The data obtained in patients with chronic fibrous periodontitis allowed us to determine the signs of activity of chronic inflammation. In subjects who had their teeth removed due to chronic granulating periodontitis, immunological predictors of a prolonged course of inflammatory and reparative processes were revealed. In patients with chronic granulomatous lesions of the periapical zone, evidence of prolonged contamination of the periapical zone was obtained, which may lead to changes in effector parameters against the background of the preserved bactericidal potential of neutrophilic granulocytes. Findings. Immunological predictors of the development of infectious and inflammatory complications were identified in the context of the planned simultaneous dental implantation when implants are inserted into the wells of the teeth with chronic periodontal foci.

Interferon gamma delays apoptosis of mature erythroid progenitor cells in the absence of erythropoietin

Blood ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 95 (12) ◽  
pp. 3742-3749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilseung Choi ◽  
Koichiro Muta ◽  
Amittha Wickrema ◽  
Sanford B. Krantz ◽  
Junji Nishimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Erythroid Progenitor ◽  
Erythroid Progenitor Cells ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Protease Assay

Abstract Based on the hypothesis that interferon gamma (IFN-γ) may have stimulating effects on survival of hematopoietic progenitor cells, we examined the effect of IFN-γ on apoptosis of mature erythroid colony-forming cells (ECFCs) derived from human peripheral blood obtained from normal, healthy volunteers. When the cells were cultured in the presence of IFN-γ, even without erythropoietin (EPO), the viability of the cells was maintained for at least 36 hours. When apoptosis of ECFCs was assessed by flow cytometric analysis', using annexin V, IFN-γ reduced the extent of apoptosis of the cells, as well as EPO. DNA fragmentation of ECFCs was also reduced by IFN-γ. In cells cultured with IFN-γ alone, expression of Bcl-x was detected but the level of expression decreased gradually during incubation for 36 hours, and the expression level was lower than incubation with EPO. Fas expression and activation of downstream caspases were assessed by flow cytometric analysis or fluorometric protease assay. IFN-γ induced Fas expression of the cells without the activation of caspase8 or caspase3 during 16 hours of incubation, while deprivation of EPO induced expression of Fas and the activation of both caspase8 and caspase3. We propose that IFN-γ produces a stimulating signal for the survival of mature erythroid progenitor cells by reducing apoptosis through a mechanism other than modulating Fas and one related to the expression of Bcl-x.

scholarly journals Flow Cytometric Detection of Gamma Interferon Can Effectively Discriminate Mycobacterium bovis BCG-Vaccinated Cattle from M. bovis-Infected Cattle

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1343-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sopp ◽  
C. J. Howard ◽  
J. C. Hope
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Infected Cattle ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Ifn Γ

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, a disease that is increasing in incidence in United Kingdom cattle herds. In addition to increasing economic losses, the rise in bovine tuberculosis poses a human health risk. There is an urgent requirement for effective strategies for disease eradication; this will likely involve vaccination in conjunction with current test and slaughter policies. A policy involving vaccination would require an accurate diagnosis of M. bovis-infected animals and the potential to distinguish these animals from vaccinates. Currently used diagnostic tests, the skin test and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) blood test, have a sensitivity of up to 95%. A further complication is that M. bovis BCG-vaccinated animals are also scored positive by these tests. We tested the hypothesis that the quantification of IFN-γ-producing lymphocytes by flow cytometric analysis of intracellular IFN-γ expression would provide a more accurate discrimination of M. bovis-infected animals from BCG vaccinates. Significant numbers of IFN-γ-expressing CD4+ T cells were detected following culture of heparinized blood from M. bovis-infected animals, but not from BCG vaccinates, with purified protein derived from M. bovis (PPD-B) or live mycobacteria. Only 1 of 17 BCG-vaccinated animals had a significant number of CD4+ T lymphocytes expressing IFN-γ, compared with 21/22 M. bovis-infected animals. This assay could allow an accurate diagnosis of M. bovis and allow the discrimination of BCG-vaccinated cattle from infected cattle.

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