scholarly journals Evaluation of the Obesity Prevention, Blood Glucose, and Blood Lipid Control of Vietnamese Rice Varieties in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Thuy Linh Nguyen ◽  
Khanh Son Trinh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Rice Varieties

Five Vietnamese rice varieties, which differ in their basic chemical composition (starch content, amylose content, fiber content) including polished rices and whole grain rices, were chosen for this study. High-fat diet-induced obesity, using these rice, was subjected to in vivo experiments to evaluate the effects of body weight gain, caloric intake, postprandial blood glucose level (PBGL), and glycemic index (GI) in tested mice groups. PBGL peaks appeared at 30th minute after eating, and GI of each experimental group was ranked in order as GN > TL > HR > GM > L Đ and GN > LT > HR > L Đ >   GM , respectively, in which, brown rice (LĐ) and germinated brown rice (GM) had low GI. Furthermore, these rice varieties caused the lowest LDL cholesterol and the ratio of LDL/HDL cholesterols in mice. In this study, the higher the amylose and fiber contents were, the lower glycemic index, triglycerides, LDL, and LDL/HDL values were. The golden flower glutinous rice (GN), with low amylose and fiber content, gave worse blood lipid parameters than that of GM and LĐ. Histopathological studies of white adipose and liver tissues showed that LĐ and GM significantly reduced the symptoms of obesity and fatty liver compared with the others, especially compared to GN. The results obtained from this study help patients with overweight, obesity, and type 2 diabetes choose the right rice variety for their daily diet to be able to control their diseases.

scholarly journals Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of low-molecular-weight carrageenan in rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 379-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Qiu ◽  
Wenwen Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
High Fat

AbstractThis study investigated the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of low-molecular-weight carrageenan (LC) on rats fed a high-fat diet. Wistar rats were divided into five groups: normal control group (NC), high-fat diet control group (HC), carrageenan-treated control group (CC), 1% LC group (1% LC), and 3% LC-groups (3% LC). Body weight, food intake, fecal weight, blood glucose, and serum lipid levels were measured. After 30 days, body weight significantly decreased in the LC-treated groups than in the HC group. Moreover, in the LC-treated groups, postprandial blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels decreased, whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels increased. From this study, our data suggest that LC has antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic effects when compared to carrageenan, likely related to its increased absorption due to its lower molecular weight.

scholarly journals MiR-7, miR-9 and miR-375 contribute to effect of Exendin-4 on pancreatic β-cells in high-fat-diet-fed mice

2018 ◽  
pp. E16-E24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Guo ◽  
Yi-Qiong Sun ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Jin-Chao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cells

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test whether glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor activation preserved pancreatic β-cells via the regulation of microRNAs and target genes in high-fat-diet-fed mice. Methods: C57BL/6 male mice were simultaneously treated with high-fat-diet (HFD) and GLP-1 analogue, Exendin-4 (Ex-4) (3 μg/kg/day or 30 μg/kg/day), i.p. or vehicle, for consecutive 13 weeks. Fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, ΔI30/ΔG30, HOMA-IR and HOMA-% β were measured in each group. Pancreatic β-cell mass was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The expression of miRNAs and related downstream genes were investigated using quantitative real-time PCR. Results: Thirteen weeks of Ex-4 treatment significantly reduced body weight and food intake in HFD-fed mice (P

scholarly journals The Glycemic Index Value of Hipa 7 and the Determination Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Dody Dwi Handoko ◽  
Siti Dewi Indrasari
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Milled Rice ◽  
Glucose Response ◽  
Low Glycemic Index

Carbohydrate content information of food does not enough to describe its physiological effect. Different carbohydrate sources give diverse blood glucose response. The concept of glycemic index (GI) was introduced to fill that gap. It divides food into several classifications according to their postprandial glycemic response. The original method was conducted by observing blood glucose after consuming sample then comparing the result with standard food. Later, miscellaneous in vitro digestion models were developed to mimic the in vivo condition. Rice is one of food types that have various GI which are related to the rice variety and postharvest processing method. There are some varieties that have low or medium GI, the others have higher. Parboiled and brown rice tend to have lower GI compared to their un-parboilled milled rice form.  Hipa 7 is hybrid new superior variety that that had been launched by ICRR in 2009 and its milled rice has low glycemic index 49.2. Low glycemic index rice potentially reduced the occurrence of obesity and diabetic mellitus disease.

scholarly journals Extract of Wax Gourd Peel Prevents High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia in C57BL/6 Mice via the Inhibition of the PPARγPathway

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Gu ◽  
Shengjie Fan ◽  
Gaigai Liu ◽  
Lu Guo ◽  
Xiaobo Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Wax Gourd

Wax gourd is a popular vegetable in East Asia. In traditional Chinese medicine, wax gourd peel is used to prevent and treat metabolic diseases such as hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. However, there is no experimental evidence to support these applications. Here, we examined the effect of the extract of wax gourd peel (EWGP) on metabolic disorders in diet-induced C57BL/6 obese mice. In the preventive experiment, EWGP blocked body weight gain and lowered serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), liver TG and TC contents, and fasting blood glucose in mice fed with a high-fat diet. In the therapeutic study, we induced obesity in the mice and treated with EWGP for two weeks. We found that EWGP treatment reduced serum and liver triglyceride (TG) contents and fasting blood glucose and improved glucose tolerance in the mice. Reporter assay and gene expression analysis showed that EWGP could inhibit peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ(PPARγ) transactivities and could decrease mRNA levels of PPARγand its target genes. We also found that HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) was downregulated in the mouse liver by EWGP. Our data suggest that EWGP lowers hyperlipidemia of C57BL/6 mice induced by high-fat diet via the inhibition of PPARγand HMGCR signaling.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Polyphenol Enriched Complex Plants Extract on Metabolic Dysfunctions Associated with Obesity and Related Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases in High Fat Diet-Induced C57BL/6 Mice

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 302
Author(s):  
Ahtesham Hussain ◽  
Jin Sook Cho ◽  
Jong-Seok Kim ◽  
Young Ik Lee
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Herbal Formulation ◽  
Plants Extract

Background: Currently, obesity is a global health challenge due to its increasing prevalence and associated health risk. It is associated with various metabolic diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke, certain forms of cancer, and non-alcoholic liver diseases (NAFLD). Objective: The aim of this study to evaluate the effects of polyphenol enriched herbal complex (Rubus crataegifolius/ellagic acid, Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge/vitexin, chlorogenic acid, Cinnamomum cassiaa/cinnamic acid) on obesity and obesity induced NAFLD in the high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse model. Methods: Obesity was induced in male C57BL/6 mice using HFD. After 8 weeks, the mice were treated with HFD+ plants extract for 8 weeks. Body weight, food intake weekly, and blood sugar level were measured. After sacrifice, changes in the treated group’s liver weight, fat weight, serum biochemical parameters, hormone levels, and enzyme levels were measured. For histological analysis, tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Oil Red-O. Results: Our results showed that the herbal complex ameliorated body weight and liver weight gain, and decreased total body fat in HFD-fed animals. Post prandial blood glucose (PBG) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were lower in the herbal complex-treated group than in the HFD control group. Additionally, herbal formulation treatment significantly increased HDL levels in serum and decreased TC, TG, AST, ALT, deposition of fat droplets in the liver, and intima media thickness (IMT) in the aorta. Herbal complex increased serum adiponectin and decreased serum leptin. Herbal complex also increased carnitine palmityl transferase (CPT) activity and significantly decreased enzyme activity of beta-hydroxy beta methyl glutamyl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase, and fatty acid synthase (FAS). Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrated that the herbal complex is an effective herbal formulation in the attenuation of obesity and obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction including NAFLD in HFD-induced mouse model.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Starch Hydrolysis for Glycemic Index Prediction of Rice Varieties

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Cristiana Pereira ◽  
Regina Menezes ◽  
Vanda Lourenço ◽  
Teresa Serra ◽  
Carla Brites
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Starch Hydrolysis ◽  
Rice Starch ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Processing Technologies

Rice consumed as white cooked polished grain has been considered a high glycemic index (GI) food, particularly compared with other starchy foods. However, the GI levels of rice based food can vary among different rice types and food processing technologies. Rice GI variation can be affected by several factors, such as rice variety, the genetic background of rice as well as due to crop edaphoclimatic conditions. The main difference in rice starch composition that influences GI is the amylose content. Besides the chemical composition of rice, the gelatinization characteristics and food processing can also contribute to starch retrogradation, thus increasing the level of resistant starch with a great influence on GI. To understand the glycemic response of rice types differing in amylose and viscosity profiles, four rice samples were analyzed and compared with standard and resistant HI-MAIZE corn starches. An in vitro enzymatic starch hydrolysis procedure was applied to estimate GI. The results indicate substantial differences in the starch hydrolysis of the two corn starches. Starch hydrolysis tended to be more rapid and efficient for ‘Waxy’ and ‘Ceres’ (intermediate-amylose) rice types than for ‘Maçarico’ (high-amylose rice). In addition, the data show that the Maçarico variety has the lowest estimated GI and the highest retrogradation rate compared with ‘Waxy’, ‘Ceres’ and ‘Basmati’ type. The results obtained reinforce the importance of knowing amylose content and viscosity profiles for the prediction of rice glycemic responses.

Sequoyitol ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in diabetic rats induced with a high-fat diet and a low dose of streptozotocin

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 405-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian-Wei Li ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Wei Hao ◽  
Jie-Ren Yang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
High Fat

Sequoyitol decreases blood glucose, improves glucose intolerance, and enhances insulin signaling in ob/ob mice. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sequoyitol on diabetic nephropathy in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the mechanism of action. Diabetic rats, induced with a high-fat diet and a low dose of streptozotocin, and were administered sequoyitol (12.5, 25.0, and 50.0 mg·(kg body mass)−1·d−1) for 6 weeks. The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum insulin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine (SCr) were measured. The expression levels of p22phox, p47phox, NF-κB, and TGF-β1 were measured using immunohistochemisty, real-time PCR, and (or) Western blot. The total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), as well as the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also determined. The results showed that sequoyitol significantly decreased FBG, BUN, and SCr levels, and increased the insulin levels in diabetic rats. The level of T-AOC was significantly increased, while ROS and MDA levels and the expression of p22phox, p47phox, NF-κB, and TGF-β1 were decreased with sequoyitol treatment both in vivo and in vitro. These results suggested that sequoyitol ameliorates the progression of diabetic nephropathy in rats, as induced by a high-fat diet and a low dose of streptozotocin, through its glucose-lowering effects, antioxidant activity, and regulation of TGF-β1 expression.

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