scholarly journals The Herbal Formula Granule Prescription Mahuang Decoction Ameliorated Chronic Kidney Disease Which Was Associated with Restoration of Dysbiosis of Intestinal Microbiota in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Yao Ming ◽  
Sijing Cheng ◽  
Wen Long ◽  
Hong-Lian Wang ◽  
Chuanlan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Tubulointerstitial Injury ◽  
Global Health Issue ◽  
Tgf Β1

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a global health issue, and there is increasing evidence showing the beneficial roles of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in CKD treatment. Here, we studied the renoprotective role of Mahuang decoction, a famous TCM prescription, in a rat CKD model induced with the combination of doxorubicin and adenine. Our data showed that intragastric administration of Mahuang decoction inhibited the loss of bodyweight and attenuated proteinuria, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen in CKD rats. Kidney histological analysis revealed decreased tubulointerstitial injury and fibrosis in CKD rats treated with Mahuang decoction accompanied with suppressed expression of TGF-β1 and phosphorylated NF-κB/P65 (p-P65) as indicated by immunohistochemistry. ELISA analysis demonstrated reduced serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-6. Most importantly, intestinal microbiota analysis by 16s rRNA-seq showed that Mahuang decoction restored the impaired richness and diversity of intestinal microflora and recovered the disrupted microbial community through reducing the abundance of deleterious microbes and promoting the expansion of beneficial microbes in CKD rats. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that Mahuang decoction mitigated kidney functional and structural impairment in CKD rats which were associated with the restoration of dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota, implying its potential in clinical CKD treatment.

scholarly journals Alteration of circadian machinery in monocytes underlies chronic kidney disease-associated cardiac inflammation and fibrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuya Yoshida ◽  
Naoya Matsunaga ◽  
Takaharu Nakao ◽  
Kengo Hamamura ◽  
Hideaki Kondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Cardiac Inflammation ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
G Protein Coupled ◽  
Clock Protein

AbstractDysfunction of the circadian clock has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. The CLOCK protein is a core molecular component of the circadian oscillator, so that mice with a mutated Clock gene (Clk/Clk) exhibit abnormal rhythms in numerous physiological processes. However, here we report that chronic kidney disease (CKD)-induced cardiac inflammation and fibrosis are attenuated in Clk/Clk mice even though they have high blood pressure and increased serum angiotensin II levels. A search for the underlying cause of the attenuation of heart disorder in Clk/Clk mice with 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6Nx) led to identification of the monocytic expression of G protein-coupled receptor 68 (GPR68) as a risk factor of CKD-induced inflammation and fibrosis of heart. 5/6Nx induces the expression of GPR68 in circulating monocytes via altered CLOCK activation by increasing serum levels of retinol and its binding protein (RBP4). The high-GPR68-expressing monocytes have increased potential for producing inflammatory cytokines, and their cardiac infiltration under CKD conditions exacerbates inflammation and fibrosis of heart. Serum retinol and RBP4 levels in CKD patients are also sufficient to induce the expression of GPR68 in human monocytes. Our present study reveals an uncovered role of monocytic clock genes in CKD-induced heart failure.

COLONIC MICROBIOTA AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASES INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE. PART II

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. Lukichev ◽  
A. Sh. Rumyantsev ◽  
I. Yu. Panina ◽  
V. Akimenko
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Chronic Kidney Diseases ◽  
Mechanical Removal ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Active Substances

Interest in studying the role of the gastrointestinal tract in maintaining homeostasis in chronic kidney disease is a traditional one. It served, in particular, as a starting point for the creation of enterosorbents. However, if earlier the main attention was paid to the mechanical removal of a number of potentially dangerous biologically active substances, recently an intestinal microbiota has become an object of interest. The first part of the review of the literature on this topic is devoted to questions of terminology, the normal physiology of the colon microbiota. A detailed description of dysbiosis is given. The features of the main groups of microorganisms are reflected. The hypothetical and confirmed interrelations of the intestine-kidney axis are presented. The pathogenetic mechanisms of the influence of colon dysbiosis on the processes of local and systemic inflammation are discussed. The influence of dysbiosis on the state of the kidney parenchyma and its participation in the progression of CKD are debated.

scholarly journals Dietary Fiber and Gut Microbiota in Renal Diets

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Camerotto ◽  
Adamasco Cupisti ◽  
Claudia D'Alessandro ◽  
Fulvio Muzio ◽  
Maurizio Gallieni
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
The Relationship

Nutrition is crucial for the management of patients affected by chronic kidney disease to slow down disease progression and to correct symptoms. The mainstay of nutritional approach to renal patients is protein restriction coupled with adequate energy supply to prevent malnutrition. However, other aspects of renal diets, including fiber content, can be beneficial. This paper summarizes the latest literature on the relationship between the type of dietary fiber and prevention and management of CKD, with special attention to intestinal microbiota and the potential protective role of renal diets. A proper amount of fiber should be recommended not only in general population but also in chronic kidney disease patients, to asses an adequate composition and metabolism of intestinal microbiota and to reduce the risks connected with obesity, diabetes and dyslipidemia.

scholarly journals A Link between Chronic Kidney Disease and Gut Microbiota in Immunological and Nutritional Aspects

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3637
Author(s):  
Paulina Mertowska ◽  
Sebastian Mertowski ◽  
Julia Wojnicka ◽  
Izabela Korona-Głowniak ◽  
Ewelina Grywalska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Dietary Factors

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is generally progressive and irreversible, structural or functional renal impairment for 3 or more months affecting multiple metabolic pathways. Recently, the composition, dynamics, and stability of a patient’s microbiota has been noted to play a significant role during disease onset or progression. Increasing urea concentration during CKD can lead to an acceleration of the process of kidney injury leading to alterations in the intestinal microbiota that can increase the production of gut-derived toxins and alter the intestinal epithelial barrier. A detailed analysis of the relationship between the role of intestinal microbiota and the development of inflammation within the symbiotic and dysbiotic intestinal microbiota showed significant changes in kidney dysfunction. Several recent studies have determined that dietary factors can significantly influence the activation of immune cells and their mediators. Moreover, dietary changes can profoundly affect the balance of gut microbiota. The aim of this review is to present the importance and factors influencing the differentiation of the human microbiota in the progression of kidney diseases, such as CKD, IgA nephropathy, idiopatic nephropathy, and diabetic kidney disease, with particular emphasis on the role of the immune system. Moreover, the effects of nutrients, bioactive compounds on the immune system in development of chronic kidney disease were reviewed.

scholarly journals Role of altered intestinal microbiota in systemic inflammation and cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Mafra ◽  
Julie C Lobo ◽  
Amanda F Barros ◽  
Laetitia Koppe ◽  
Nosratola D Vaziri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Systemic Inflammation

scholarly journals Ketoanalogs’ Effects on Intestinal Microbiota Modulation and Uremic Toxins Serum Levels in Chronic Kidney Disease (Medika2 Study)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 840
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Rocchetti ◽  
Biagio Raffaele Di Iorio ◽  
Mirco Vacca ◽  
Carmela Cosola ◽  
Stefania Marzocco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Nutritional Therapy ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Diet Regimen

Nutritional therapy (NT) is a therapeutic option in the conservative treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients to delay the start of dialysis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the specific effect of ketoanalogs (KA)-supplemented diets for gut microbiota modulation. In a previous study we observed that the Mediterranean diet (MD) and a KA-supplemented very-low-protein diet (VLPD) modulated beneficially gut microbiota, reducing indoxyl- and p-cresyl-sulfate (IS, PCS) serum levels, and ameliorating the intestinal permeability in CKD patients. In the current study, we added a third diet regimen consisting of KA-supplemented MD. Forty-three patients with CKD grades 3B–4 continuing the crossover clinical trial were assigned to six months of KA-supplemented MD (MD + KA). Compared to MD, KA-supplementation in MD + KA determined (i) a decrease of Clostridiaceae, Methanobacteriaceae, Prevotellaceae, and Lactobacillaceae while Bacteroidaceae and Lachnospiraceae increased; (ii) a reduction of total and free IS and PCS compared to a free diet (FD)—more than the MD, but not as effectively as the VLPD. These results further clarify the driving role of urea levels in regulating gut integrity status and demonstrating that the reduction of azotemia produced by KA-supplemented VLPD was more effective than KA-supplemented MD in gut microbiota modulation mainly due to the effect of the drastic reduction of protein intake rather than the effect of KA.

Chronic kidney disease: pathophysiological role of dysbiosis of intestine and renoprotective effectiveness of interventions concerning its modulation

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
K. A Aytbaev ◽  
I. T Murkamilov ◽  
R. R Kaliev
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Uremic Toxins ◽  
Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽  
Bacterial Endotoxins ◽  
Pathophysiological Role ◽  
Intestinal Origin

The review presents data concerning disorders of quantitative and qualitative content of intestinal microbiota in patients with chronic kidney disease. The causes enhancing development of intestinal dysbiosis and sub-clinical inflammation under chronic disease of kidneys are considered. The results of preliminary studies concerning investigation of particular approaches to therapy of chronic kidney disease directed to restoring of intestinal symbiosis and neutralization of bacterial endotoxins and adsorption of uremic toxins of intestinal origin are presented.

Potential effect of pharmaceutical care to improve outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder in Sulaimani dialysis centers

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-94
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Pharmaceutical Care ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Care Group ◽  
Mineral Bone Disorder ◽  
Bone Disorder

Objective: the present study was aimed to evaluate the role of pharmaceutical services in improving the outcome of mineral bone disorder in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. Methodology: One hundred and twenty patients with chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) screened for eligibility, seventy-six patients enrolled in the study and randomly allocated into two groups: pharmaceutical care and usual care, both groups interviewed by the pharmacist using specific questionnaire for assessing the quality of life (QoL). All the drug related problems (DRPs) including drug-drug interactions (DDIs) were recorded by the pharmacist. Blood samples were collected and utilized for analyzing the levels of vitamin D, phosphorous, calcium, albumin and parathyroid hormone at baseline and three months after. The pharmaceutical care group received all the educations about their medications and how to minimize DRPs; improve the QoL. Additionally, the pharmaceutical intervention included correcting the biochemical parameters. Results: Pharmaceutical care significantly improved patients QoL and minimized DRPs and DDIs. It was also effective in improving the biochemical parameters. Conclusion: Pharmaceutical care has a positive impact on improving the outcome of patients with CKD-MBD through attenuating DRPs, improving the biochemical parameters and the QoL.

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