scholarly journals Investigation of the Allelopathic Effect of Matricaria chamomilla L. Parts’ Aqueous Extracts on Germination and Seedling Growth of Two Moroccan Varieties of Durum Wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Amine Elbouzidi ◽  
Noureddine Bencheikh ◽  
Sara Seddoqi ◽  
Mohamed Bouhrim ◽  
Youssef Bouramdane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Matricaria Chamomilla ◽  
Coleoptile Length ◽  
Allelopathic Potential

The phenomenon of allelopathy has been known for more than 2000 years. This phenomenon consists of the chemical interference of plant species (or other organisms), by enhancing, or inhibiting, the germination, seedling growth, or development of other plant species (or other organisms). This paper aimed to investigate the allelopathic potential of the aqueous extract of different parts of Matricaria chamomilla L. on germination parameters (radicle, coleoptile length, and dry weight) of two Moroccan varieties of durum wheat. Chamomile extracts from leaves, roots, or flowers at concentrations of 50 and 100 g·L−1 were prepared and applied to wheat durum seeds. The control group was given distilled water. In both studied varieties of durum wheat, only flowers’ aqueous extracts showed a significant positive allelopathic effect by increasing the studied parameters, while leaves and roots from chamomile showed an inhibiting potential on germination and seedling growth in varieties riyad and kanakis.

Allelopathic Effects of Twelve Hedgerow Plant Species on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Wheat (Triticum astivum L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 2767-2773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Hong Wu ◽  
Xu Cheng ◽  
Qing Nian Cai ◽  
Chao Wen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Eriobotrya Japonica ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Vetiveria Zizanioides ◽  
Toona Sinensis ◽  
Citrus Reticulate

In laboratory bioassay, conducted to study the allelopathic influence of aqueous extracts (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0% concentration) of twelve hedgerow plant species (Amorpha fruticosa L., Citrus reticulate Banco., Coronilla varia L., Eriobotrya japonica Thunb., Eulaliopsis binata Retz., Gynura bicolor DC., Hemerocallis citrine Baroni., Medicago sativa L., Morus alba L., Toona sinensis Roem., Vetiveria zizanioides L., Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb.) which planted in the purple hilly area of Sichuan basin in China was on the germination and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum astivum L.). At 10.0% concentration, The aqueous extracts of twelve hedgerow plant species significantly inhibited the seed germination and seedling growth of wheat except that A. fruticosa, E. binata and V. zizanioides extracts had no effect or slight inhibition on germination of wheat, but the degree of inhibition was species dependent. The allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts from hedgerow plants on wheat was maximum with G. bicolor, H. citrine, C. varia and M. sativa in terms of germination, and G. bicolor , M. sativa, M. alba and H. citrine in terms of shoot length, root length and dry weight, respecitively. The degree of inhibition increased with increase in concentration. Duplication of this work under field conditions is needed, for which the results of this study will form a valuable base.

scholarly journals EFECTO ALEPOPÁTICO DE TRES EXTRACTOS VEGETALES SOBRE EL DESARROLLO DE RAPHANUS SATIVUS (BRASSICACEAE) EN EL PERÚ

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Keyword(s):  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Ruta Graveolens ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Raphanus Sativus L ◽  
Water Treatments

EFECTO ALEPOPÁTICO DE TRES EXTRACTOS VEGETALES SOBRE EL DESARROLLO DE RAPHANUS SATIVUS (BRASSICACEAE) EN EL PERÚ ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF THREE PLANTS EXTRACTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF RAPHANUS SATIVUS (BRASSICACEAE) IN PERÚ Hildebrando Ayala & Rafael La Rosa DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2007.0007/ RESUMEN El uso de plantas con actividad alelopática en la actualidad resulta de gran importancia  porque nos permite el desarrollo de una agricultura rentable y no contaminante del medio ambiente. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la acción de extractos acuosos de ajo (Allium sativum L, Liliaceae), palta (Persea americana Mill, Lauraceae) y ruda (Ruta graveolens L, Rutaceae) sobre el desarrollo de la hortaliza rabanito (Raphanus sativus L, Brassicaceae). Los extractos se prepararon a partir de bulbos de A. sativum, semilla de P. americana y hojas y flores de R. graveolens a los cuales triturados se le adiciona agua hervida. Los tratamientos fueron extractos puros al (20% p/v). El diseño fue completamente aleatorizado con 4 repeticiones. Se determino peso fresco (g), peso seco (g), longitud de raíz (cm), longitud área (cm) y área foliar(cm2). Los datos se analizaron mediante ANOVA y Test de Tukey para la comparación de medias. Los resultados alcanzados muestran de que no existe efectos significativos en comparación con el control, del potencial alelopático de los extractos acuosos evaluados bajo condiciones controladas. Palabras claves: Extractos acuosos, semillas, hojas, flores, bulbos, Allium sativum, Persea americana, Ruta graveolens. ABSTRACT The use of plants with allelopathic activity nowadays is very important because it allows us to develop a profitable agriculture and non-polluting the environment. The objective of this work was to study the action of aqueous extracts of garlic (Allium sativum L, Liliaceae), avocado (Persea americana Mill, Lauraceae) and rough (Ruta graveolens L, Rutaceae) on the development of vegetable radish (Raphanus sativus L, Brassicaceae). The extracts were prepared from A. sativum bulbs, P. americana seeds and R. graveolens leaves and flowers to which he adds crushed boiled water. Treatments were the pure extracts (20% w / v). The design was completely randomized with 4 repetitions. It was found fresh weight (g), dry weight (g), root length (cm) long area (cm) and leaf area (cm2 ). The data was analyzed with Anova and Tukey test for the comparison of averages. The results show that there is no significant effects compared to the control of allelopathic potential of aqueous extracts tested under controlled conditions. Keywords: Aqueous extracts, seed, leaves, flowers, bulbs, Allium sativum, Persea americana, Ruta graveolens.

scholarly journals EFEITO ALELOPÁTICO DE EXTRATOS AQUOSOS DE Prosopis juliflora (SW.) D.C. NA EMERGÊNCIA E NO CRESCIMENTO INICIAL DE PLÂNTULAS DE Mimosa tenuiflora (WILLD.) POIRET

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Romualdo Medeiros Cortez Costa ◽  
Antonio Lucineudo de Oliveira Freire
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Prosopis Juliflora ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Mimosa Tenuiflora

Os efeitos da liberação de aleloquímicos de uma espécie sobre outra podem resultar em danos ecológicos aos ecossistemas, como a facilitação de estabilização e povoamento de espécies invasoras. Com este trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos alelopáticos de partes vegetais da algaroba, espécie invasora, sobre a emergência e o crescimento inicial de plântulas de jurema-preta, espécie nativa da Caatinga. Prepararam-se extratos aquosos de folhas, cascas e raízes da algaroba, usando 125 g de material vegetal para cada 500 mL de água destilada, nas concentrações 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100%. Foram utilizados tubetes de 55 cm3 preenchidos com solo. Distribuíram-se os tratamentos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC), com quatro repetições, cada uma com cinco tubetes. Avaliaram-se a porcentagem de emergência, altura, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas e peso seco de folhas, caule, raiz, parte aérea e total. A exceção do extrato de casca a 100% no peso seco total, todos os extratos causaram efeitos deletérios a emergência e plântulas de jurema-preta, sendo o extrato de raiz a 100%, o responsável pela maior redução na porcentagem de emergência, 33%, em compração com o tratamento controle.Palavra-chave: alelopatia, algaroba, invasão biológica, jurema-preta, semiárido. ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF Prosopis juliflora (SW.) DC IN THE EMERGENCE AND INITIAL GROWTH OF Mimosa tenuiflora (WILLD.) Poiret SEEDLINGS ABSTRACT:The effects of allelochemicals release of one species over another may result in ecological damage to ecosystems, such as facilitating the stabilization and settlement of invasive species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the allelopathic potential of different plant parts of Prosopis juliflora, invasive species, emergence and early growth of Mimosa tenuiflora, native species of Caatinga. The aqueous extracts of leaves, barks and roots from the algaroba were prepared at a ratio of 125 g of plant material to 500 ml of distilled water, diluted at concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%. For emergence and early growth, tubes were used in 55 cm3, with application of the extracts every 15 days. The treatments were also distributed in DIC, with four replications and five tubes by repetition. We evaluated the percentage of emergence, plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, dry weight of leaves, stem, root, aerial and total parts. With the exception of 100% bark extract on the total dry weight of all the extracts caused deleterious effects the emergence and seedling jurema-preta, being the extract of root to 100%, responsible for the greater reduction in the percentage of emergency, 33%, in purchase with the control treatment.Keywords: allelopathy, algaroba, biological invasion, jurema-preta, semiarid. DOI:

scholarly journals Allelopathic potential of Acacia pennata (L.) Willd. leaf extracts against the seedling growth of six test plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1534-1542
Author(s):  
Ei H. KYAW ◽  
Hisashi KATO-NOGUCHI
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Allelopathic Potential

Acacia pennata (L.) Willd (Mimosaceae), a woody climbing plant, is used as a traditional medicinal plant in the South and Southeast Asia regions and has been documented to have various pharmacological effects. However, the allelopathy of this plant still remains unclear. Thus, the allelopathic potential of A. pennata leaf extracts was examined against the seedling growth of dicot plants [alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), cress (Lepidium sativum L.), and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)] and monocot plants [barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), and timothy (Phleum pratense L.)] at six different concentrations. The results showed that the A. pennata leaf extracts inhibited the seedling growth of all the test plant species at concentrations ≥3 mg dry weight (D.W.) equivalent extract mL-1. The inhibitory activity of the extracts against both shoot and root growth varied with concentration and tested plants. The concentrations required for 50% inhibition of the test plant shoots and roots were 1.5-16.1 and 1.4-8.6 mg D.W. equivalent extract mL-1, respectively. The root growth of all the test plant species was more sensitive to the extracts than their shoot growth, except alfalfa. The results of the present study indicate that the A. pennata leaf extracts may have allelopathic potential and may contain allelopathic substances. Therefore, further studies are required for isolation and identification of the growth inhibitory substances which are responsible for the allelopathic effect of A. pennata.

Herbicidal potential of Aerva javanica to control wild oat in wheat crop

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-194
Author(s):  
Al-Ghamdi A.M. ◽  
El-Zohri M
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Culture Experiment ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Wheat Germination ◽  
Radical Length

We investigated the phytotoxicity of desert cotton (Aerva javanica) extracts on wild oat and wheat. Aqueous extracts from A. javanica roots, leaves and inflorescences collected from Jeddah and Al-Baha regions, Saudi Arabia were used. Generally, the allelopathic potential of water extracts of A. javanica collected from Jeddah were more in inhibitory to wild oat germination and seedlings growth than those from Al-Baha. In both regions, root extracts were inhibitory to wild oat followed by leaves and inflorescences extracts. All test aqueous extracts of both regions did not inhibit the wheat germination or seedlings growth.Whreas, the wild oat germination was reduced by root extracts 58.62 %, 28.62 % leaves extracts : 32.72 %, 17.72 % and inflorescences extract 28.11 %, 12.13 % by in plants samples collected from Jeddah and Al-Baha, respectively. Wild oat radical length was inhibited by root extracts 53.27 %, 32.84 % leaves 42.35 %, 9.63 % and inflorescences extracts 22.64 %, 16.75 % in case of Jeddah and Al-Baha plants, respectively. In pot culture experiment, all treatments markedly reduced the plant dry weight and soluble carbohydrates, proteins and free amino acids contents in wild oat. The differences in the allelopathic potentials of studied A. javanica extracts were related to the qualitative variations in their phytochemicals constituents. Our results showed that A. javanica extracts could be safely used to control wild oat growth in wheat fields after more detsaled research..

Assessing allelopathic potential of Sonchus oleraceus L. (milk thistle) on germination and seedling growth of Oryza puncta

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Bilal Ahmad Khan ◽  
Saima Anwar ◽  
Rizwan Maqbool Maqbool ◽  
Muhammad Mohsin Amin ◽  
Muhammad Mansoor Javaid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Emergence Time ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Sonchus Oleraceus ◽  
Oryza Punctata

ABSTRACT Aqueous extracts of plants are used to control weeds and having no hazards to environment and are inexpensive. Present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of aqueous extracts of Sonchus oleraceus L. on the Oryza punctata L. emergence and initial seedling growth. It consists of aqueous extract of leaves, stem and fruit of S. oleraceus at varying concentrations 0.25, 0.50, 1, 2, 4 and 8 % (w/v) along with a distilled water control. The allelochemicals present in the aqueous extracts showed stimulatory, inhibitory and hormetic responses depending upon the concentration and the plant part. Results directed that maximum mean emergence time (5.26 days) and minimum germination index (1.67), germination percentage (40%), seedling fresh weight (59 g) and dry weight (8 g) of O. punctata were examined with 8% aqueous extract of S. oleraceus fruit. However, 4% aqueous extract of S. oleraceus fruit produced minimum root length (5.71). On the basis this experiment it was concluded that 8% aqueous extract of S. oleraceus fruit can be used for controlling O. punctata weed. Keywords: Aqueous extract, environment, allelochamicals, hermetic response, stimulatory ABSTRACT Aqueous extracts of plants are used to control weeds and having no hazards to environment and are inexpensive. Present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of aqueous extracts of Sonchus oleraceus L. on the Oryza punctata L. emergence and initial seedling growth. It consists of aqueous extract of leaves, stem and fruit of S. oleraceus at varying concentrations 0.25, 0.50, 1, 2, 4 and 8 % (w/v) along with a distilled water control. The allelochemicals present in the aqueous extracts showed stimulatory, inhibitory and hormetic responses depending upon the concentration and the plant part. Results directed that maximum mean emergence time (5.26 days) and minimum germination index (1.67), germination percentage (40%), seedling fresh weight (59 g) and dry weight (8 g) of O. punctata were examined with 8% aqueous extract of S. oleraceus fruit. However, 4% aqueous extract of S. oleraceus fruit produced minimum root length (5.71). On the basis this experiment it was concluded that 8% aqueous extract of S. oleraceus fruit can be used for controlling O. punctata weed. Keywords: Aqueous extract, environment, allelochamicals, hermetic response, stimulatory ABSTRACT Aqueous extracts of plants are used to control weeds and having no hazards to environment and are inexpensive. Present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of aqueous extracts of Sonchus oleraceus L. on the Oryza punctata L. emergence and initial seedling growth. It consists of aqueous extract of leaves, stem and fruit of S. oleraceus at varying concentrations 0.25, 0.50, 1, 2, 4 and 8 % (w/v) along with a distilled water control. The allelochemicals present in the aqueous extracts showed stimulatory, inhibitory and hormetic responses depending upon the concentration and the plant part. Results directed that maximum mean emergence time (5.26 days) and minimum germination index (1.67), germination percentage (40%), seedling fresh weight (59 g) and dry weight (8 g) of O. punctata were examined with 8% aqueous extract of S. oleraceus fruit. However, 4% aqueous extract of S. oleraceus fruit produced minimum root length (5.71). On the basis this experiment it was concluded that 8% aqueous extract of S. oleraceus fruit can be used for controlling O. punctata weed. Keywords: Aqueous extract, environment, allelochamicals, hermetic response, stimulatory

Allelopathic potential of Artemisia campestris ssp. caudata on Lake Huron sand dunes

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 1903-1912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyeong W. Yun ◽  
M. A. Maun
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Sand Dune ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Test Species ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Artemisia Campestris

Greenhouse studies were conducted to test allelopathic effects of Artemisia campestris ssp. caudata on seed germination and seedling growth of several sand-dune species and colonization by mycorrhizal fungi. The aqueous extracts of A. campestris showed no inhibitory effect on seed germination, seedling elongation, or dry-weight growth of plants at lower concentrations (10 and 50%), but 100% concentration of the extracts caused varying degrees of inhibition depending on the test species. The mixing of dry leaves of seedlings of A. campestris to the sand showed severe inhibition of Elymus canadensis seedlings. The percent germination of test species in soil from the rhizosphere of A. campestris was significantly lower than that of the control. The leaf area and dry weight were also lower but the differences were not significant. The aqueous extract inhibited mycorrhizal fungal colonization in roots of three sand-dune grasses. Key words: allelopathy, Artemisia campestris ssp. caudata, seed germination, seedling growth, mycorrhizal fungi.

scholarly journals ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF A WEED SPECIES, CYPERUS ROTUNDUS L. AND CLEOME VISCOSA L. ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF BLACK GRAM (VIGNA MUNGO (L.) HEPPER.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Prabhakaran J ◽  
Kavitha D ◽  
Arumugam K
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Weight Content ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Cleome Viscosa

The present study was aimed to investigate the allelopathic influence of two weed species Cyperus rotundus L. and Cleome viscosa L. against the growth of Black gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper). Aqueous extracts (5%, 10%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% concentrations) of whole plants of C. rotundus and C. viscosa were employed to investigate their influence on the germination and seedling growth of the black gram. The aqueous whole plants extracts ( from 5% to 100% concentrations) of C. rotundus and C. viscosa exhibited an inhibitory effects on all the parameters employed in the germination percentage, root and shoot growth, fresh and dry weight, content of chlorophyll, starch, sugar and protein contents of Black gram over control. The extracts of both the weeds caused a minimum inhibition on germination and seedling growth of Black gram at 5% concentration and the intensity of inhibition increased when increased extract concentrations. The aqueous extracts of C. rotundus and C. viscosa showed an inhibitory effect on Black gram but their effect was more severe on black gram by the extract treatments of C. rotundus than that of C. viscosa.

scholarly journals Comparative allelopathic potential of metabolites of two Alternanthera species against germination and seedling growth of rice

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mehmood ◽  
A. Tanveer ◽  
M.A. Nadeem ◽  
Z.A. Zahir
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Alternanthera Philoxeroides ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract

A laboratory study was conducted to investigate the allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts of plant parts of Alternanthera philoxeroides and A. sessilis and soil incorporated residues on germination and seedling growth of rice (Oryza sativa). Aqueous extracts prepared from different plant parts of Alternanthera species delayed rice germination. Alternanthera philoxeroides and A. sessilis inhibited rice germination by 9-100% and 4-49%, respectively. Germination of rice seeds was reduced with increasing concentration of aqueous leaf extracts of both weed species. Early seedling growth (root and shoot lengths) and seedling vigor index were significantly reduced by 5% aqueous leaf extract compared with distilled water treated control. Germination, root and shoot lengths, root and shoot dry weights and seedling vigor index of rice were drastically reduced by 3 and 4% in residue infested soil compared with residue free soil. The inhibitory effect of A. philoxeroides in terms of germination and seedling growth of rice was greater than that of A. sessilis. Five percent aqueous leaf extract and 4% residue infested soil of A. philoxeroides caused complete failure of rice seed germination. Alternanthera philoxeroides contained water soluble phenolics, namely 4 hydroxy-3-methoxy benzoic acid (16.19 mg L-1) and m-coumaric acid (1.48 mg L-1), whereas Alternanthera sessilis was rich in chlorogenic acid (17.85 mg L-1), gallic acid (11.03 mg L-1) and vanillic acid (9.88 mg L-1). The study indicates that the allelopathic potential of Alternanthera species may play an important role in enhancing the invasiveness of these species and may suppress rice plants in the vicinity.

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