scholarly journals Medical Image Diagnostic Value of Computed Tomography for Bladder Tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Lin Li ◽  
Risu Na ◽  
Tao Mi ◽  
Hao Cheng ◽  
Lili Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Bladder Tumors ◽  
Ct Value ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Diagnosis Rate ◽  
Missed Diagnosis

Objective. To study computed tomography (CT) imaging characteristics of bladder tumors, to explore the value of CT in tumor diagnosis, and to identify the relevant factors of CT missed diagnosis so that medical staff can be more accurate in the diagnosis of bladder tumors. Methods. To retrospectively analyze the CT manifestations of 153 bladder tumor cases confirmed by paraffin pathology in our hospital and to study the difference between the benign and CT imaging features. CT indicators mainly include the number, location, morphology, calcification, bladder wall smoothness, CT value, degree of enhancement, and invasion of surrounding tissues and organs. Then, we retrospectively analyze 17 cases of CT missed diagnosis of bladder tumors, analyze related factors, and discuss the role of CT in the diagnosis of bladder tumors. Results. This study has shown that with the help of CT images, the diagnosis rate of bladder tumors has been greatly improved. Of the 153 patients studied, noninvasive urothelial carcinoma accounted for 18.95% of all benign and malignant bladder tumors, invasive urothelial carcinoma accounted for 67.93%, prostatic metastatic carcinoma and inflammatory myofibroblastoma accounted for 8.47%, pheochromocytoma accounted for 1.31%, inverted papilloma accounted for 1.31%, tubular choriocarcinoma accounted for 0.63%, and endocystitis accounted for 1.31%. In addition, the blood supply level, CT index bladder wall smoothness, and CT value are also statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusions. CT is of high value in the diagnosis of bladder tumors, and benign and malignant bladder tumors have CT and CT imaging features. The size of bladder tumors is related to the missed diagnosis rate of CT. The application of CT examination technology can improve the accuracy of diagnosis of bladder tumors.

scholarly journals Computed Tomography Angiography under Deep Learning in the Treatment of Atherosclerosis with Rapamycin

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Fuguang Ji ◽  
Shuai Zhou ◽  
Zhangshuan Bi
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Computed Tomography Angiography ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesion ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Dice Similarity Coefficient ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Lesion Area ◽  
Imaging Characteristics

The clinical characteristics and vascular computed tomography (CT) imaging characteristics of patients were explored so as to assist clinicians in diagnosing patients with atherosclerosis. 316 patients with atherosclerosis who were hospitalized for emergency treatment were treated with rapamycin (RAPA) in the hospital. A group of manually delineated left ventricular myocardia (LVM) on the patient’s coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) were selected as the region of interest for imaging features extracted. The CCTA images of 80% of patients were randomly selected for training, and those of 20% of patients were used for verification. The correlation matrix method was used to remove redundant image omics features under different correlation thresholds. In the validation set, CCTA diagnostic parameters were about 40 times higher than the manually segmented data. The average dice similarity coefficient was 91.6%. The proposed method also produced a very small centroid distance (mean 1.058 mm, standard deviation 1.245 mm) and volume difference (mean 1.640), with a segmentation time of about 1.45 ± 0.51 s, compared to about 744.8 ± 117.49 s for physician manual segmentation. Therefore, the deep learning model effectively segmented the atherosclerotic lesion area, measured and assisted the diagnosis of future atherosclerosis clinical cases, improved medical efficiency, and accurately identified the patient’s lesion area. It had great application potential in helping diagnosis and curative effect analysis of atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Differentiation of gastric glomus tumor from small gastric stromal tumor by computed tomography

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 030006052093619
Author(s):  
Jian Wang ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
Weiqun Ao ◽  
Yongyu An ◽  
Wenming Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Glomus Tumor ◽  
Arterial Phase ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Hounsfield Units ◽  
Glomus Tumors ◽  
Ct Value ◽  
Portal Phase ◽  
Preoperative Ct ◽  
Gastric Stromal Tumor

Objective This study was performed to investigate the value of computed tomography (CT) in the differentiation of gastric glomus tumors (GGTs) and small gastric stromal tumors (GSTs). Methods Fifty-nine patients with pathologically confirmed GGTs (n = 11) and GSTs (n = 48) from 2006 to 2019 were retrospectively evaluated. All patients’ preoperative CT imaging features were analyzed. Results The following features were significantly different between GGTs and small GSTs: location in the antrum, endophytic growth, heterogeneous enhancement in the arterial phase, CT value in the arterial phase of ≥60.7 Hounsfield units (HU), CT value in the portal phase of ≥87.6 HU, degree of enhancement in the arterial phase of ≥29.9 HU, and degree of enhancement in the portal phase of ≥49.0 HU. A model including four randomly selected features among these seven criteria was built to differentiate GGTs from small GSTs with a sensitivity and specificity of 90.9% (10/11) and 100% (48/48), respectively. Conclusion We identified seven features that are useful for differentiating GGTs from small GSTs. A combination of four of these seven criteria may increase the diagnostic accuracy.

scholarly journals 18F FDG PET-CT Imaging in Tuberculosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Shamim MF Begum ◽  
Md Abdus Shakur Khan
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Conventional Imaging ◽  
Imaging Tool ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

<p>Tuberculosis (TB) is the second highest infective cause of death worldwide and the global impact of TB is very important. Among all the TB burden WHO regions, 40% TB cases accounts in the South East Asian region. It has become a medical emergency not only in developing countries but also in some high-income countries. The rising incidence of multidrug resistance (MDR) TB and HIV co-infection has increased the morbidity and mortality of TB despite the availability of cheap and effective treatment. The diagnosis of active TB is almost similar over the world. Conventional radiography and Computed Tomography (CT) imaging play a crucial role in the diagnosis of TB. But these conventional imaging are often nonspecific and unable to provide a definitive diagnosis in cases of atypical and heterogeneous presentation. The signs of TB may mimic other diseases in conventional imaging. The introduction of new imaging tool Fluorine18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (18F FDG PET-CT) opens the door to evaluate its potentiality application in TB. The role of this new imaging tool in TB imaging has been well documented. 18F FDG PET-CT may assist in early diagnosis, facilitate differentiation between malignancies and TB, identification of extrapulmonary TB, staging of TB, and in assessment of treatment response. Therefore, familiarity with the spectrum of imaging features and understanding the use of 18F FDG PET-CT in diagnosis and management of TB is important, especially for referring clinicians and the reporting nuclear medicine specialists in TB burden country like Bangladesh. This article reviews the main applications, pattern of imaging spectrum with limitations of 18F FDG PET-CT in TB.</p><p>Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 19(2): 135-140, July 2016</p>

scholarly journals Facile Fabrication of BiF3: Ln (Ln = Gd, Yb, Er)@PVP Nanoparticles for High-Efficiency Computed Tomography Imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Xie ◽  
Zonglang Zhou ◽  
Sihan Ma ◽  
Xian Luo ◽  
Jiajing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ct Value ◽  
Ct Contrast

AbstractX-ray computed tomography (CT) has been widely used in clinical practice, and contrast agents such as Iohexol are often used to enhance the contrast of CT imaging between normal and diseased tissue. However, such contrast agents can have some toxicity. Thus, new CT contrast agents are urgently needed. Owing to the high atomic number (Z = 83), low cost, good biological safety, and great X-ray attenuation property (5.74 cm2 kg−1 at 100 keV), bismuth has gained great interest from researchers in the field of nano-sized CT contrast agents. Here, we synthesized BiF3: Ln@PVP nanoparticles (NPs) with an average particle size of about 380 nm. After coating them with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), the BiF3: Ln@PVP NPs possessed good stability and great biocompatibility. Meanwhile, compared with the clinical contrast agent Iohexol, BiF3: Ln@PVP NPs showed superior in vitro CT imaging contrast. Subsequently, after in situ injection with BiF3: Ln@PVP NPs, the CT value of the tumor site after the injection was significantly higher than that before the injection (the CT value of the pre-injection and post-injection was 48.9 HU and 194.58 HU, respectively). The morphology of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can be clearly observed over time after oral administration of BiF3: Ln@PVP NPs. Finally, the BiF3: Ln@PVP NPs were completely discharged from the GI tract of mice within 48 h of oral administration with no obvious damage to the GI tract. In summary, our easily synthesized BiF3: Ln@PVP NPs can be used as a potential clinical contrast agent and may have broad application prospects in CT imaging.

scholarly journals CT Imaging Features During Disease Progression of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Yu ◽  
Yong Yu ◽  
Shubo Cai ◽  
Cong Shen ◽  
Youmin Guo
Keyword(s):  
Disease Progression ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Stage 1

Objectives: To describe the characteristics of computed tomography (CT) in patients with 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia and their changes during disease progression. Patients and Methods: A total of 96 chest CT scans of 61 pneumonia patients associated with COVID-19 were reviewed to identify CT features associated with the time of symptom onset and the evolution of disease. Results: The initial CTs of 61 patients were obtained during 1 to 11 days after the onset. The main CT pattern of initial CT obtained during 1 - 3 days after the symptom onset was single (7/23, 35%) or multiple ground-glass opacity (GGO, 8/23, 35%). At 4 - 7 days after the symptom onset, the main imaging features were crazy paving GGO mixed with partial consolidation pattern (15/32, 47%). At 8 - 11 days after the symptom onset, the CT images showed consolidation pattern (3/6, 50%). A total of 35 follow up CTs were collected. The mean interval time between each follow up CT was 3 ± 2 days. The CT patterns also changed with the evolution of the disease: the features of GGO manifested at the early stage (1 - 3d). The crazy paving GGO pattern, consolidation pattern and mixed with partial consolidation pattern were found 4 to 14 days after the onset. In the absorption stage (15 - 24d), both density and extent of lesions were reduced. Conclusion: The CT imaging features are associated with the time of symptom onset and evolution of disease. Understanding the imaging characteristics of each stage is very helpful for understanding the development of disease.

scholarly journals The multicenter study of Chest HRCT imaging characteristics of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhehao Lyu ◽  
Meiji Ren ◽  
Lian-Ming Wu ◽  
Yuxin Yang ◽  
Yi-Bo Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Wholesale Market ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background: In December 2019, a cluster of patients with pneumonia of unknown cause was linked to a seafood wholesale market in Wuhan, China. A novel coronavirus was detected, capable of infecting humans, on 6 January 2020 and termed COVID-19. By 16 February 2020, there were 51857 confirmed cases with 2019-nCoV (COVID-19) pneumonia in 25 countries. COVID-19 can also lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods: 149 patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)pneumonia(68 males, 81 females, ages 1-89)from 6 research centers in China were diagnosed with positive 2019 Novel Coronavirus(COVID-19)nucleic acids antibodies. And their high-resolution computed tomography(HRCT) imaging datas were evaluated.Results: 136/149(91.3%)patients had a clear history of exposure to Wuhan. Fever (122/149, 81.9%)and cough(83/149, 55.7%)were the most common symptoms. The main imaging characteristics within 4 days of onset included 30(20.13%) cases of pure ground glass opacities (P<0.05), 38(25.50%) cases of GGO with reticulation(P<0.01), 12(8.05%) cases of consolidation(P<0.01). In the 5-8 days group, the main imaging features included 71(47.65%) cases of pGGO(P<0.05), 69(46.31%) cases of GGO with reticulation(P<0.01). In the 9-12 days group, the main feature was 85(57.04%) cases with GGO with reticulation(P<0.01). In the group of 13-16 days group, the main imaging characteristics included 48(32.21%) cases of GGO with reticulation(P < 0.01), 34(22.82%) cases of consolidation(P<0.01).Conclusion: Patients infected with COVID-19 pneumonia show more chest CT characteristics within 5-8 days after the onset of disease. The main manifestations included pGGO, GGO with reticulation, consolidation and GGO with consolidation.

scholarly journals Should Preoperative Computed Tomography Be Routine Examination For Cervicofacial Space Infections?

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayu Liang ◽  
Linli Jiang ◽  
Maoye Li ◽  
Lei Liu ◽  
Hui Li
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Symptom Relief ◽  
Routine Examination ◽  
Ct Examination ◽  
Operation Rate ◽  
Duration Of Surgery ◽  
Diagnosis Rate ◽  
Preoperative Ct ◽  
Missed Diagnosis

Abstract Background: Cervicofacial space infections are potentially life-threatening, which require accurate diagnosis, early incision, and adequate drainage. The utilization of computed tomography (CT) in cervicofacial space infections has significantly increased. However, the clinical value of preoperative CT imaging in cervicofacial space infections remains controversial. We, therefore, investigated whether CT examination should be used as a routine examination in the treatment of patients with cervicofacial space infections.Methods: A retrospective study of all patients affected by cervicofacial space infections that received incision and drainage surgery from Jan 2016 to Dec 2020 was performed. Patients were divided into 2 groups: the group with preoperative CT and the group without preoperative CT. Outcomes, including re-operation rate, missed diagnosis rate, days of symptom relief, length of stay, duration of surgery, and total cost of hospitalization, were analyzed.Results: Of 153 patients, 108 patients underwent surgery with preoperative CT and 45 patients without preoperative CT. The re-operation rate in the preoperative CT group (6/108, 5.6%) was significantly lower (P<0.05) than that in the group without preoperative CT (10/45, 22.2%). Significant reduction of missed diagnosis rate, days of symptom relief, length of stay, and duration of surgery (P<0.05) were detected in the preoperative CT group. Conclusions: Preoperative CT examination should be recommended as a routine examination in the treatment of cervicofacial space infections for its usefulness in reducing the missed diagnosis rate and repeated surgery complication.

scholarly journals Computed Tomography Imaging Features of Malignant “Triton” Tumor for Its Clinical Diagnosis: Report of Two Cases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Li ◽  
Chun Zeng ◽  
Ning Jiang ◽  
David P. Molloy ◽  
Qiling Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Preoperative Diagnosis ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Image Features ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Presumptive Diagnosis ◽  
Imaging Characteristics

Abstract Background: malignant triton tumors (MTTs) are an extremely rare subtype of malignant periphery nerve sheave tumors (MPNSTs). Clinical diagnosis of MTTs is difficult before surgery due to its low incidence and the lack of knowledge. Therefore, to describe and summarize the computed tomography (CT) imaging characteristics of malignant triton tumors (MTTs) is of great assistance for early and preoperative diagnosis.Case presentation: Two case reports were closely observed in our hospital, with the presumptive diagnosis of MTT by CT scan examination before surgery. The diagnosis of MTT was eventually confirmed by immunochemical (IHC) assay, which verified speculation of CT scans. Huge, irregular, well-circumscribed lobulated mass-like shadows can be observed from these patients by CT scans. Besides, heterogeneity of density within the body of tumor was well-established by CT scans, together with linear septum. Meanwhile, CT scans demonstrated that calcifications were remarkable at the margin of tumor body. Conclusions: Some CT image features from two cases admitted to our hospital were presented as a reference for the preoperative diagnosis of MTTs: (i) enormity of mass-like shadow; (ii) presence of well-circumscribed lobulated shape; (iii) septum within the well-defined mass accompanied with hemorrhage, necrosis and cystic changes as well as calcification, especially within neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) patients.

scholarly journals Clinical and Imaging Features of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia in the Elderly Compared with Young and Middle-Aged Individuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Cao ◽  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Qingyun Long ◽  
Gonghao Ling ◽  
Xingnan Liao
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Background: A cluster of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were reported worldwide, but there are few reports on age-related computed tomography (CT) signs and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients. Objectives: We aimed to analyze the CT imaging characteristics and clinical features of elderly patients with novel COVID-19 and compare them with young COVID-19 patients, in order to provide imaging basis for clinical diagnosis. Patients and Methods: The clinical and chest CT imaging data of elderly patients (≥ 60 years) and young patients (age of 20 - 60 years) with positive novel coronavirus nucleic acid admitted to our hospital from January 28, 2020 to February 16, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and the differences in clinical and imaging characteristics between the two groups were compared. Results: One hundred eighty three COVID-19 patients (96 elderly: mean age, 72.76 ± 5.65; 87 young: mean age, 42.69 ± 12.44) with positive novel coronavirus nucleic acid were retrospectively enrolled. The clinical symptoms of fever (79%), cough (64%) and weakness (59%) in elderly patients were higher than those of young patients (P < 0.01). Asymptomatic young patients (15%) were more common than the elderly (2%) (P < 0.01). Twenty-four patients (13%) had lesions that involved both the periphery and the center of the lung, while the lesions were located in the periphery of the lung in 159 patients (87%). Ground-glass opacification in young patients (71%) was significantly higher than that of the elderly (26%) (P < 0.001). Compared with the young group (37%), the proportion of extensive involvement of lung lobes was higher in the elderly group (72%) (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Elderly and young patients with corona virus disease had some common CT and clinical features, but elderly patients may have relatively severe CT findings, and these differences may be related to the severity and prognosis of COVID-19 pneumonia.

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