scholarly journals A Resource-Friendly Authentication Protocol for UAV-Based Massive Crowd Management Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Bander A. Alzahrani ◽  
Ahmed Barnawi ◽  
Shehzad Ashraf Chaudhry
Keyword(s):  
Decision Makers ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Control Center ◽  
Crowd Management ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Symmetric Key ◽  
Lightweight Authentication ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
Time Information

As a part of the smart city revolution, crowd management is an emerging trend and it can enhance the quality of life. Unmanned ariel vehicles (UAVs) can help in making the crowd management process more efficient and more accurate. UAVs can monitor and collect environmental-related surveillance data and share real-time information with each other and with the decision makers. However, the battery-operated UAVs communicate over the open public channel making the privacy and security of the UAVs a crucial element in mission-critical applications. The weaknesses of the existing scheme pave the way to design a new lightweight authentication scheme for UAV environments. In this article, we present a symmetric key primitive-based scheme and provide authentication among a user and a UAV through an intermediate control center. Due to usage of symmetric key and elliptic curve cryptography, the proposed scheme fulfils the performance requirements of the UAVs. The security of the proposed scheme is substantiated through BAN logic, along with a discussion on security features extended by the proposed scheme. The performance and security comparisons show that the proposed scheme provides adequate security and efficiency and can be practically deployed in real UAV environments.

scholarly journals Travelling with a Guide Dog: Experiences of People with Vision Impairment

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2840
Author(s):  
Jillian M. Rickly ◽  
Nigel Halpern ◽  
Marcus Hansen ◽  
John Welsman
Keyword(s):  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Service Access ◽  
Transport Accessibility ◽  
Travel And Tourism ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Dog Owners ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
Time Information

There is considerable research on people with vision impairment (PwVI) in the transport, travel and tourism sectors, which highlights the significance of real-time information and consistency in services to accessibility. Based on interviews with guide dog owners in the United Kingdom, this paper contributes an additional dimension to our understanding of transport accessibility for PwVI by focusing specifically on guide dog owners’ experiences in the travel and tourism sector. A guide dog is more than a mobility tool, but a human–dog partnership that improves the quality of life for PwVI; however, it also introduces constraints related to the dog’s welfare and safety. Further, lack of understanding of guide dog owners’ rights to reasonable accommodation leads to discrimination through service refusals and challenges to service access. This paper concludes that the limited and inconsistent public knowledge of disability diversity has serious ramifications for transport accessibility and suggests specific industry and legislative interventions in response.

An Adaptive Approach Towards Computation Offloading for Mobile Cloud Computing

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana Kero ◽  
Abhirup Khanna ◽  
Devendra Kumar ◽  
Amit Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Mobile Cloud Computing ◽  
Computation Offloading ◽  
Mobile Cloud ◽  
Adaptive Computation ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Environment Variables ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
Time Information

The widespread acceptability of mobile devices in present times have caused their applications to be increasingly rich in terms of the functionalities they provide to the end users. Such applications might be very prevalent among users but the execution results in dissipating many of the device end resources. Mobile cloud computing (MCC) has a solution to this problem by offloading certain parts of the application to cloud. At the first place, one might find computation offloading quite promising in terms of saving device end resources but eventually may result in being the other way around if performed in a static manner. Frequent changes in device end resources and computing environment variables may lead to a reduction in the efficiency of offloading techniques and even cause a drop in the quality of service for applications involving the use of real-time information. In order to overcome this problem, the authors propose an adaptive computation offloading framework for data stream applications wherein applications are partitioned dynamically followed by being offloaded depending upon the device end parameters, network conditions, and cloud resources. The article also talks about the proposed algorithm that depicts the workflow of the offloading model. The proposed model is simulated using the CloudSim simulator. In the end, the authors illustrate the working of the proposed system along with the simulated results.

Parking Guidance Control System Based on Internet of Things

2013 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 641-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Chun Sun ◽  
Yan Piao ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Han Wang
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Real Time ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Guidance Control ◽  
Control Center ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
Time Information ◽  
The Internet Of Things

To help drivers to quickly find a spare parking, a parking guidance control system was proposed. The principle of ultrasonic ranging was used to detect the state of a parking space, and through the internet of things the parking detector transmits the real-time information to the control center. The control center mainly is an industrial computer and is responsible for dealing with the real-time information and sending the control command by internet of things. The guidance signs at each crossroad receive the wireless commands and execute them, by which the guidance function is performed. The internet of things was realized by ZigBee star network, in which the control center is a coordinator and other parts are routers or terminal equipments. The simulation experiment results show that the parking guidance system works well, and has the value of application and promotion to some extent.

Models for Predicting Bus Delays

1998 ◽  
Vol 1623 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali M. Abdelfattah ◽  
Ata M. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Arrival Time ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Traffic Operations ◽  
Control Center ◽  
Transit Service ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Bus Travel Time ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
Time Information ◽  
Tracking Technology

The provision of accurate bus arrival time information to users is essential for improving the attractiveness of public transit service. Although bus-tracking technology provides real-time information to the control center about the location of a bus, there is a need to improve the prediction of bus travel time downstream from location of last observation in mixed traffic operations. Methods are required for making predictions in normal traffic conditions, as well as in conditions in which a temporary lane closure is experienced due to a variety of reasons, such as incidents and road improvement activities. The development of models for the estimation of the effect of changes in traffic and lane closures on bus performance is described. A microsimulation approach was used, supplemented by field studies. The models developed meet calibration tests and were verified by field data.

scholarly journals On the possible tools for the prevention of non-performing loans. A case study of an Italian bank

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Bruno ◽  
Giuseppina Iacoviello ◽  
Arianna Lazzini
Keyword(s):  
Data Availability ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Integrated Process ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
Active Monitoring ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
Credit Portfolio ◽  
Time Information

This work analyzes the contribution of an Information Systems (IS) to the implementation of credit monitoring as a new integrated process to prevent non-performing loans in a small bank. The study focuses on the process of active monitoring of the entire credit portfolio, aimed at guiding the best migration between risk classes. This is understood as a set of integrated activities, in which the quality of information becomes a major determinant of the outcome. Such tools support risk management in the decision-making process and aiding performance evaluation. The purpose of this work is to highlight the possibility of an IS to support this new integrated process of credit monitoring, providing increasingly reliable data, availability on demand and real-time information

Green IoT and NBIoT

2021 ◽  
pp. 273-300
Author(s):  
Pallavi Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
Time Information

This chapter illustrates that there are many challenging problems in the modern society such as environment pollution, radiation pollution, high demand, and low supply of energy. Such issues need modern solutions to tackle them. In this context, green internet of things (IoT) solutions have come up with flying colors. As there is a constant need of the energy by the interconnected IoT devices to perceive, fetch, and transmit the real-time information, the energy demands remain high. Green IoT is an emerging concept to meet this problem by framing the energy-efficient policies so as to provide a simpler yet better solution to enhance the quality of the current practices. In this chapter, different practical aspects of green IoT and narrowband IoT (NBIoT) deployment have been presented. NBIoT narrowband signals are used in low data rates are transmitted and have a widerange of reception because narrow filters cancel out unwanted wideband noise. NBIoT has several advantages over LTE-M due to lower device cost, longer battery life and extended coverage. Finally, some future research directions have been addressed.

scholarly journals Data connectivity: A critical tool for external quality assessment

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Cheng ◽  
Brad Cunningham ◽  
Debrah I. Boeras ◽  
Patron Mafaune ◽  
Raiva Simbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
External Quality Assessment ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
External Quality ◽  
Central Database ◽  
Operational Metrics ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
Time Information

Point-of-care (POC) tests have been useful in increasing access to testing and treatment monitoring for HIV. Decentralising testing from laboratories to hundreds of sites around a country presents tremendous challenges in training and quality assurance. In order to address these concerns, companies are now either embedding connectivity in their new POC diagnostic instruments or providing some form of channel for electronic result exchange. These will allow automated key performance and operational metrics from devices in the field to a central database. Setting up connectivity between these POC devices and a central database at the Ministries of Health will allow automated data transmission, creating an opportunity for real- time information on diagnostic instrument performance as well as the competency of the operator through external quality assessment. A pilot programme in Zimbabwe shows that connectivity has significantly improve the turn-around time of external quality assessment result submissions and allow corrective actions to be provided in a timely manner. Furthermore, by linking the data to existing supply chain management software, stock-outs can be minimised. As countries are looking forward to achieving the 90-90-90 targets for HIV, such innovative technologies can automate disease surveillance, improve the quality of testing and strengthen the efficiency of health systems.

scholarly journals Emergency Departments

2018 ◽  
pp. 341-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Alharethi ◽  
Abdullah Gani ◽  
Mohd Khalit Othman
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Departments ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Patient Dissatisfaction ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Research Theme ◽  
Timely Fashion ◽  
Patients Experience ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
Time Information

Abstract Emergency services are essential and any person may require these services at some point in their lives. Emergency services are run by complex management and consist of many different parts. It is essential to establish effective procedures to ensure that patients are treated in a timely fashion. By obtaining real-time information, it is expected that intelligent decisions would be made. Hence, thorough analytics of problems concerning appropriate operational effective management, would help prevent patient dissatisfaction in the future. Mapping studies are utilized to configure and explore a research theme, whereas systematic reviews are utilized to combine proofs. The use of improvement strategies and quality measurements of the health care industry, specifically in emergency departments, are essential to value patients’ level of satisfaction and the quality of the service provided based on patients’ experience. This paper explores and creates momentum with all the methodologies utilized by researchers from 2010 and beyond with the stress on patient fulfillment in the emergency services segment.

Dynamic Fast Database Mining Algorithm Based on Association Rules

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 6049-6053
Author(s):  
Zong Jiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Association Rules ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Apriori Algorithm ◽  
Database Mining ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Mining Algorithm ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
Time Information

In order to resolve the problems of real-time data mining, a dynamic fast mining algorithm is proposed in this paper based on association rules. The algorithm do not need to scan the original database again, and overcome the weaknesses of Apriori Algorithm, which is the most representative mining approach using association rules, such as time-consuming, no online digging, and so on. The algorithm meets the demand of online and progressive mining. With the properties of multilayer processing simultaneously and updating promptly, as well as the definition of sensitivity parameter, the algorithm can be used to mine useful real-time information for the decision makers.

scholarly journals Rail Transport Delay and Its Effects on the Perceived Importance of a Real-Time Information

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Rezapour ◽  
F. Richard Ferraro
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Negative Feelings ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Time Information

Various psychological feelings that commuters might experience due to the shortcomings of a public transport are a major concern for transport policy makers. Those shortcomings would be translated into various negative psychological feelings, which would consequently tarnish the perceived quality of the public transport system in terms of its characteristics, e.g., the perceived quality of the passengers' information system (PIS). A delay has often been defined as the difference between the real arrival of a transport and the scheduled arrival of based on the PIS. The main question this study seeks to answer is how passengers view the PIS while undergoing various psychological negative impacts due to delay? This is especially important when the PIS is not precise. Previous studies on the importance of real-time information mainly focus on the impact of PIS on the satisfaction of commuters, or the reliability of the public transport. However, they rarely consider the negative psychological impacts that delays might have on commuters, and how those negative feelings might be aggravated by providing inaccurate information for the commuters. The proposed study is based on completed questionnaires by 396 passengers waiting for a rail transport in Malaysia; the rail transport was experiencing frequent long delays due to various mechanical malfunctions. In addition, the PIS provided for the passengers were mainly imprecise, and was updated regularly. The relationship between various considered variables, and a related latent factor, were formed by means of factor analysis. The results of internal consistency and validity highlight acceptable factors to be considered for a structural equation modeling (SEM) model. Three latent factors were found to impact the latent factor of PIS. For instance, it was found that the relationship between motion sickness factor and the response of PIS is not by a direct relationship between those two factors, but through the mediation of a latent physiological factor. On the other hand, the impact of the psychological feelings of the commuter by PIS is higher than its physiological effects. The results of this study have an important managerial implication for policy makers that even if the delay is inevitable, an accurate PIS could be provided to reduce the associated negative feelings of delay. Extensive discussion has been had about identification of a best fit model and process of model's parameters' estimation.

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