scholarly journals Root Canal Configuration of Burmese (Myanmar) Maxillary First Molar: A Micro-Computed Tomography Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
M. M. Kyaw Moe ◽  
H. J. Jo ◽  
J. H. Ha ◽  
S. K. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Lateral Canal ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Root Canal Anatomy

Aim. To investigate the root canal anatomy of Burmese (Myanmar) permanent maxillary first molar (BMFM) with micro-computed tomography. Methodology. One hundred and one extracted BMFMs were scanned by a SkyScan 1272 scanner (Bruker microCT, Belgium) and reconstructed with NRecon software (Bruker microCT). CTAn software (Bruker microCT) was used to create 3D models of root and internal canal anatomy, while CTVol software (Bruker microCT) was used to visualize 3D models. In each root, Vertucci’s canal types, incidence and location of the lateral canal, incidence, location, and type of isthmus, and number and position of foramina were examined. Results. In 101 specimens, 83 (82.18%) mesiobuccal roots had multiple canals. The most common canal type is type IV (45.5%), followed by type II (17.8%) and I (17.8%) canals. Type III, V, VI, VII, and VIII canals are less than 10% in total. Seven additional canal types were seen for 10% in total. Fourteen (13.86%) distobuccal roots had multiple canals, and the predominant canal type is type I (86.1%), followed by type II (5.9%) and V (4%) canals. Three additional canal types were observed for 4% in total. All palatal roots possessed the simplest type I canal. Apical ramification occurred in 69 mesiobuccal roots (68.3%), 36 distobuccal roots (35.6%), and 37 palatal roots (36.6%). A total of 240 lateral canals were observed in 101 specimens. Each specimen had 2.38 ± 2.22 lateral canals on average. The highest incidence, 136 (56.67%) lateral canals, occurred in the mesiobuccal root, followed by 57 (23.75%) and 47 (19.58%) lateral canals from the distobuccal root and the palatal root, respectively. Each specimen had 6.17 ± 2.42 foramina. Mesiobuccal root had the highest incidence of apical foramina compared to other roots. Seventy-two mesiobuccal roots (71.29%) had isthmus, while only 7 distobuccal roots (6.93%) had isthmus somewhere along the root. Conclusions. The root canal anatomy of BMFM was quite complex, especially in the mesiobuccal root. The predominant canal type was Vertucci type IV in the mesiobuccal root and type I in the distobuccal and palatal roots. In addition, this micro-computed tomography study disclosed complemented canal types and a higher prevalence of lateral canal than the previous studies.

scholarly journals Root Canal Morphology of Permanent Maxillary and Mandibular Canines in Indian Population Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikhita Somalinga Amardeep ◽  
Sandhya Raghu ◽  
Velmurugan Natanasabapathy
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Root Canal Anatomy ◽  
Type V

Aim. To investigate the root canal anatomy of single-rooted permanent maxillary and mandibular canines in an Indian population using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methodology. A total of 250 permanent maxillary canines and 250 permanent mandibular canines were selected and scanned using CBCT. The root anatomy of each tooth was evaluated for the following parameters: the pattern of the root canals, anatomic length of the crown and the root, the presence of accessory canals, the shape of the access cavity, the position of the apical foramina, root diameter, and dentin thickness of the root. Results. Majority of the teeth had a Type I canal configuration in both maxillary canines (81.6%) and mandibular canines (79.6%). In maxillary canine the other canal patterns found were Type III (11.6%), Type II (2.8%), Type V (2%), Type XIX (1.2%), and Type IV (0.8%). In mandibular canines the various other canal patterns found were Type III (13.6%), Type II (3.2%), Type V (2%), and Type XIX (1.6%). Apical foramina were laterally positioned in the majority of the teeth, 70.4% and 65.6% in maxillary and mandibular canines, respectively. 12% of the maxillary canines and 12.8% of the mandibular canines had accessory canals. Conclusion. The root canal anatomy of permanent maxillary and mandibular canines varied widely in an Indian population.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Pulmonary Hamartoma and Bronchus: Multislice Spiral Computed Tomography Findings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Wang ◽  
Heng Ma ◽  
Qinglin Yang ◽  
Chengzhou Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Spiral Computed Tomography ◽  
Type I ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Spiral Computed ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Multislice Spiral Computed Tomography ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Sign Type

Abstract Objective The aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between pulmonary hamartomas (PHs) and bronchi on multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) images. Methods The MSCT scans of 218 PHs from 216 pathologically confirmed patients were reviewed. The PHs were divided into two groups, namely, the central endobronchial and intraparenchymal groups, in accordance with location. Multiplanar reconstruction was used to demonstrate PH–bronchus relationship patterns. The PH–bronchus relationships in the intraparenchymal group were classified into five patterns: type I, the bronchus was cut off by the tumor; type II, the bronchus was contained within the tumor (air bronchogram sign); type III, the bronchus ran at the tumor periphery or was compressed by the tumor; and type IV, no tumor–bronchus relationship was observed. Results Nine (4.1%) PHs were assigned to the central endobronchial group and 209 (95.9%) PHs were assigned to the intraparenchymal group. In the endobronchial group, 1 (11.1%) PH was located in the trachea with the partial stenosis of the trachea, whereas the remaining 8 (88.9%) PHs were located in the lobar or segmental bronchus with the complete occlusion of the corresponding bronchus. In the intraparenchymal group, type IV (147, 70.3%) was most common pattern, followed by type III (54, 25.8%). Type I (8, 3.8%) was rare, and type II was not observed. Conclusion Central endobronchial PHs often obstructed bronchi, whereas only a few intraparenchymal PHs cut off bronchi. No air bronchogram sign was observed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Root Canal Configuration of Mandibular First Molars in a Palestinian Population by Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: An Ex Vivo Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Raed Hakam Mukhaimer
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Palestinian Population

Aim. The purpose of this study was to investigate the number of canals and variations in root canal configuration in the mandibular permanent first molar teeth of a Palestinian population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods. A sample of 320 extracted double-rooted mandibular permanent first molars from Palestinian population was collected for this study and scanned with CBCT scanner. The following observations were made: number of root canals per root and canal configuration in each root based on Vertucci’s classification. Results. Of the 320 mandibular first molars analyzed, 174 (54.4%) had three canals, 132 teeth (41.3%) had four canals, and only four teeth had two canals. The most common canal configuration in the mesial roots was Vertucci type IV (53.8%) followed by type II (38.8%). In the distal roots, the most prevalent canal configuration was Vertucci type I (57.5%) followed by type II ( 22.5%) and type III (10.6%). Conclusion. Our results showed that the number of canals and canal configuration in Palestinian population were consistent with previously reported data. The present study also indicates that CBCT is helpful as a diagnostic tool for the investigation of root canal morphology.

scholarly journals Suprascapular Notch Asymmetry: A Study on 311 Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Michał Polguj ◽  
Marcin Sibiński ◽  
Andrzej Grzegorzewski ◽  
Piotr Grzelak ◽  
Ludomir Stefańczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Suprascapular Nerve ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Suprascapular Notch ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Symmetrical Type

The most important risk factor of suprascapular nerve entrapment is probably the shape of the suprascapular notch (SSN). The aim of the study was to perform a radiological study of the symmetry of SSN. Included in the study were 311 patients (137 women and 174 men) who underwent standard computed tomography investigation of the chest. A total of 622 computed tomography scans of scapulae were retrospectively analyzed to classify suprascapular notches into five types. Suprascapular notch was recognized as a symmetrical feature in 53.45% of the patients. Symmetry was more frequently seen in females (54.0% versus 52.9%), but not to any significant degree (P=0.8413). Type III was the most commonly noted symmetrical feature (66.9%) and type II was less common (0.6%). Type III was the most symmetrical type of suprascapular notch, occurring significantly more often as a symmetrical feature in comparison with type I (P<0.0001), type II (P=0.00137), or type IV (P=0.001). Our investigation did not show that the suprascapular notch is a symmetrical feature. However, symmetry was recognized more frequently in the case of type III SSN. No significant differences in symmetry were found with regard to sex.

scholarly journals Root Canal Configuration Of Permanent Mandibular First Molars Using Radiographic Tube Shift Technique On Dentistry Student Of University Of Sumatera Utara

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trelia Boel ◽  
Dewi Kartika ◽  
Liliana Liliana
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Dental Student ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
The Right ◽  
Type V ◽  
Mandibular First Molar ◽  
Left Region

Introduction: Permanent mandibular first molars are the most commonly experienced treatment failure. Knowledge of root canal configuration needs to be known to establish the right diagnostics and successful root canal treatment. The aim of this study is to find out the root canal configuration of permanent mandibular first molar based on Vertucci classification using tube shift radiography technique among dental student of University of Sumatera Utara. Materials and Methods: This is an experimental with cross sectional approach. 36 students were selected by purposive sampling and data were collected from questionnaire and x-ray radiograph. Results: The result showed that 97.2% of permanent mandibular first molar have two roots and 2.8% have three roots. Variation of root canal configuration according to Vertucci on mesial root right region, type I 8.3%, type II 27.8%, type III 11.1%, type IV 50%, type II classification Gulabivala 2.8%, on left region type I 5.6%, type II 44.4%, type III 2.8%, type IV 44.4%, type II classification Gulabivala 2.8%. On distal root of first molar right region, type I 86.1%, type II 2.8%, type III 8.3%, type V 2.8%, on left region, type I 100%. Conclusion(s): Root canal configuration of mandibular first molar based on Vertucci classification at mesial roots of the right region, type I, II, III, IV, and type II classification Gulabivala , on left region we found type I, II, III, IV, and type II classification Gulabivala . On distal root of the right region, type I, II, III, and type V, on left region only type I.

scholarly journals Morphology of Mesiobuccal Root Canals of Maxillary First Molars: a comparison of CBCT scanning and Cross-sectioning

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 525-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Maria Lyra ◽  
Débora Delai ◽  
Keila Cristina Rausch Pereira ◽  
Guy Martins Pereira ◽  
Bráulio Pasternak Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Cbct Analysis

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the mesiobuccal root of maxillary first molars, according to the root canal configuration, prevalence and location of isthmuses at 3 and 6 mm from the apex, comparing cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis and cross sectioning of roots by thirds. Images of the mesiobuccal root of 100 maxillary first molars were acquired by CBCT and then roots were cross-sectioned into two parts, starting at 3 mm from the apex. Data were recorded and analyzed according to Weine's classification for root canal configuration, and Hsu and Kim's classification for isthmuses. In the analysis of CBCT images, 8 root canals were classified as type I, 57 as type II, 35 as type III. In the cross-sectioning technique, 19 root canals were classified as type I, 60 as type II, 20 as type III and 1 as type IV. The classification of isthmuses was predominantly type I in both CBCT and cross-sectioning evaluations for sections at 3 mm from the apex, while for sections at 6 mm from the apex, the classification of isthmuses was predominantly types V and II in CBCT and cross-sectioning evaluations, respectively. The cross-sectioning technique showed better results in detection of the internal morphology of root canals than CBCT scanning.

scholarly journals Root Canal Morphology of Maxillary First and Second Molars in a Qatari Population: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Maryam Mohammed Al-Obaid ◽  
Fatima Abdullah Al-Sheeb
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Bilateral Symmetry ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Single Root ◽  
Type Iv

Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the number of roots and canal configuration of maxillary first and second molars in Qatari population. Materials and Methods A total of 544 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) records of Qatari patients were included in this study. The CBCT images were reviewed by two endodontists. The age, sex, bilateral symmetry, root number, and canal configuration according to Vertucci were tabulated. Results About 97.5% maxillary first molars had three roots and 2.5% had two roots. Maxillary second molar showed 88.2% three roots, 7.3% two roots, 3.3% single root, and 1.2% four roots. For maxillary first molars, the most common Vertucci classifications for the mesiobuccal root were type IV (2-2, 35.9%) and type II (2-1, 21.1%). For maxillary second molars, the most common Vertucci classifications for the mesiobuccal root were type IV (2-2, 27%), type III (1-2-1, 21.3%), type I (1, 19.6%), and type II (2-1, 18.9%). In maxillary first molar, 53.1% right is different from the left and in maxillary second molars, 60.2% right is different from the left. Conclusions In Qatari population, three roots are common in maxillary molars. Mesiobuccal root of maxillary first molars is predominant with Vertucci type IV (2-2) and type II (2-1). Maxillary second molars showed variable Vertucci classification. High bilateral asymmetry was found in canal configuration of the same individuals that should be considered during root canal treatment of two opposite molars.

Estimation of the ethmoid roof depth and length of lateral lamella of the cribriform plate, upper attachment of the uncinate process and anterior ethmoid artery in multiplanar reconstructions of Computed Tomography.

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Greta Berger ◽  
Vitalii Grinevych ◽  
Anna Justyna Milewska ◽  
Adam Łukasiewicz ◽  
Eugeniusz Tarasów
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Uncinate Process ◽  
Cribriform Plate ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Multiplanar Reconstructions ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Type V ◽  
Anterior Ethmoid Artery

The aim is to assess the relationship of Anterior Ethmoid Artery with the Upper Attachment of the Uncinate Process and their relation with the Lateral Lamella of the Cribriform Plate in multiplanar reconstructions (i.e. coronal, axial and sagittal) of Computed Tomography. We measured the depth of the olfactory fossa, the length of the LLCP and determined the most superior attachment of the uncinate process, which designates boundaries of the frontal recess anteriorly, laterally and medially [20,22]. Methods: All CT examinations were performed using the 320-detector Aquilion ONE CT Scanner (Canon Medical Systems, Otawara, Japan). Axial, coronal,sagittal reconstructions were performed by using dedicated workstation software (Vitrea Enterprice Siute, Version 6.7; Vital Images, Minnetonka USA). The Statistica 13 software was used for the analysis, results were considered statistically significant at the level of p<0,05. Results: The most frequent types of Uncinate Process according to Landsberg- Friedman criteria in group of mens are: type I-30,77%,type II-30,77%, type III-26,92%, type VI-7,69%, type V-3,85%, type IV-0% respectively. In women's group: type III-44,12%,type II-32,35%, type I-8,82%,type V-8,82%, type IV-5,88%, type VI-0%. The median LLCP length in the anterior-posterior dimension measures 13 mm i. e. Yenigun type II on the both sides. The median value of depth in the superior-inferior dimension of the LLCP in the ethmoid roof is 5 mm i.e. Keros type II on both sides. The mean distance between Anterior Ethmoid Artery and Upper Attachment of the Uncinate Process measures approximately 9,73 mm and 9,16 mm on the right and left side respectively. Conclusions: The assessment of the AEA, UAUP and configuration of the anterior skull base on CT multiplanar reconstructions contribute to optimazing the results of frontal sinus surgery.

scholarly journals Assessment of root canal anatomy of mandibular incisors using cone-beam computed tomography in a Turkish subpopulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
Ata Nisa Çoban Kanyılmaz ◽  
Özlem Okumuş ◽  
Hakkı Sunay
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Single Root ◽  
Root Canal Anatomy ◽  
Mandibular Incisors

Aim: The achievement of root canal treatment is influenced by the status of the root canals. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of second root canals in mandibular incisors and the prevalence of root canal separation in the cervical, middle and apical thirds of cases with 2 root canals. Methodology: Retrospective cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) datas of 500 patients seen between 2016 and 2018 were evaluated. A total of 300 patients, 134 males and 166 females, aged 13-71 years (mean age 39.34±13.44) were included in this study. A total of 587 central mandibular incisors and 582 lateral mandibular incisors were examined. The number of roots and root canal morphology based on the Vertucci’s classification were analyzed. The effect of gender on the prevalence of root canal anatomy was also evaluated. Results: The occurence of more than 1 root canal in mandibular lateral and mandibular central was 41.2% and 40.4% respectively and all teeth had a single root. Type I (59.2%) was the most common type, followed by Type III (31.4%), Type II (5.8%), Type VII (2.1 %), Type VI (0.8%) and Type V (0.7%). Type IV and Type VIII were not observed. The root canal separation in two root canaI of central and lateral mandibular incisors was found in the middle third of the root in 65.4% and 74.6%, respectively. The incidence of Type III in males (39%) was higher than that of females (25.4%), while the incidences of Type I in females (67.7%) were significantly higher than that of males (48.3%). The prevalence of second canals in mandibular incisors were detected more frequently in men than in women. Conclusion: The prevalence of second canal in total mandibular incisors is 40.8% (Type III was observed the most frequently). CBCT is an appropriate method for identifying of canal morphologies of mandibular incisors. How to cite this article: Çoban Kanyılmaz AN, Okumuş Ö, Sunay H. Assessment of root canal anatomy of mandibular incisors using cone-beam computed tomography in a Turkish subpopulation. Int Dent Res 2021;11(1):46-53. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.no1.8   Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

Labelling of non-A, non-B hepatitis infected chimpanzee hepatocytes with nuclease-gold conjugates

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 250-251
Author(s):  
G. D. Gagne ◽  
M. F. Miller ◽  
D. A. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Type I ◽  
Cellular Injury ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Tubular Structures ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Infected Chimpanzee

Experimental infection of chimpanzees with non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANB) or with delta agent hepatitis results in the appearance of characteristic cytoplasmic alterations in the hepatocytes. These alterations include spongelike inclusions (Type I), attached convoluted membranes (Type II), tubular structures (Type III), and microtubular aggregates (Type IV) (Fig. 1). Type I, II and III structures are, by association, believed to be derived from endoplasmic reticulum and may be morphogenetically related. Type IV structures are generally observed free in the cytoplasm but sometimes in the vicinity of type III structures. It is not known whether these structures are somehow involved in the replication and/or assembly of the putative NANB virus or whether they are simply nonspecific responses to cellular injury. When treated with uranyl acetate, type I, II and III structures stain intensely as if they might contain nucleic acids. If these structures do correspond to intermediates in the replication of a virus, one might expect them to contain DNA or RNA and the present study was undertaken to explore this possibility.

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