scholarly journals A Novel Adaptive Visual Analytics Framework for Multiship Encounter Identification

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Rong Zhen ◽  
Ziqiang Shi
Keyword(s):  
Collision Avoidance ◽  
Visual Analytics ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Spatial Clustering ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Dbscan Clustering ◽  
Maritime Surveillance ◽  
Visual Identification ◽  
Safety Surveillance ◽  
Ship Collision

The automatic identification of multiship encounter is a vital criterion for ship collision avoidance and intelligent maritime safety surveillance. However, the parameters of ship encounter identification in the existing studies are fixed, and the methods are weak to give an automatic and visual performance in the multiship encounter identification. In order to fix the existed gap, this paper proposed a novel adaptive visual analytics framework for automatic multiship encounter identification based on density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) and visual analytics by adjusting the parameters of ship encounter adaptively. The DBSCAN clustering method was applied to detect the clusters of encounter ships and filter out the nonencounter ship, and the distribution and density of the encounter ship had been visualized on the nautical chart to give a better perception of ships’ behavior with a potentially high navigational risk. The framework had been designed and developed using DBSCAN and visual analytics, and the effectiveness was evaluated and validated by adjusting different parameters of multiship encounter within the Southwest waters of Zhoushan Island, China. The results showed that the proposed framework had a good performance in the visual identification of multiship encounter within confined waters, which could assist the ship collision avoidance and intelligent maritime surveillance system.

scholarly journals Deep Learning in Unmanned Surface Vehicles Collision-Avoidance Pattern Based on AIS Big Data with Double GRU-RNN

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 682
Author(s):  
Jia-hui Shi ◽  
Zheng-jiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Collision Avoidance ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Unmanned Surface Vehicle ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
Maritime Navigation ◽  
Ship Collision ◽  
Gated Recurrent Unit

There is a collection of a large amount of automatic identification system (AIS) data that contains ship encounter information, but mining the collision avoidance knowledge from AIS big data and carrying out effective machine learning is a difficult problem in current maritime field. Herein, first the Douglas–Peucker (DP) algorithm was used to preprocess the AIS data. Then, based on the ship domain the risk of collision was identified. Finally, a double-gated recurrent unit neural network (GRU-RNN) was constructed to learn unmanned surface vehicle (USV) collision avoidance decision from the extracted data of successful encounters of ships. The double GRU-RNN was trained on the 2015 Tianjin Port AIS dataset to realize the effective learning of ship encounter data. The results indicated that the double GRU-RNN could effectively learn the collision avoidance pattern hidden in AIS big data, and generate corresponding ship collision-avoidance decisions for different maritime navigation states. This study contributes significantly to the increased efficiency and safety of sea operations. The proposed method could be potentially applied to USV technology and intelligence collision avoidance.

scholarly journals Ship-Collision Avoidance Decision-Making Learning of Unmanned Surface Vehicles with Automatic Identification System Data Based on Encoder—Decoder Automatic-Response Neural Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 754
Author(s):  
Miao Gao ◽  
Guo-You Shi
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Collision Avoidance ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Automatic Response ◽  
Ship Collision

Intelligent unmanned surface vehicle (USV) collision avoidance is a complex inference problem based on current navigation status. This requires simultaneous processing of the input sequences and generation of the response sequences. The automatic identification system (AIS) encounter data mainly include the time-series data of two AIS sets, which exhibit a one-to-one mapping relation. Herein, an encoder–decoder automatic-response neural network is designed and implemented based on the sequence-to-sequence (Seq2Seq) structure to simultaneously process the two AIS encounter trajectory sequences. Furthermore, this model is combined with the bidirectional long short-term memory recurrent neural networks (Bi-LSTM RNN) to obtain a network framework for processing the time-series data to obtain ship-collision avoidance decisions based on big data. The encoder–decoder neural networks were trained based on the AIS data obtained in 2018 from Zhoushan Port to achieve ship collision avoidance decision-making learning. The results indicated that the encoder–decoder neural networks can be used to effectively formulate the sequence of the collision avoidance decision of the USV. Thus, this study significantly contributes to the increased efficiency and safety of maritime transportation. The proposed method can potentially be applied to the USV technology and intelligent collision-avoidance systems.

scholarly journals Navigation Situation Clustering Model of Human-Operated Ships for Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship Collision Avoidance Tests

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1458
Author(s):  
Taewoong Hwang ◽  
Ik-Hyun Youn
Keyword(s):  
Collision Avoidance ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Identification System ◽  
The West ◽  
Test Environment ◽  
Clustering Model ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Ship Collision ◽  
Collision Avoidance System ◽  
Autonomous Ship

The collision avoidance system is one of the core systems of MASS (Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships). The collision avoidance system was validated using scenario-based experiments. However, the scenarios for the validation were designed based on COLREG (International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea) or are arbitrary. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify and systematize objective navigation situation scenarios for the validation of autonomous ship collision avoidance algorithms. A data-driven approach was applied to collect 12-month Automatic Identification System data in the west sea of Korea, to extract the ship’s trajectory, and to hierarchically cluster the data according to navigation situations. Consequently, we obtained the hierarchy of navigation situations and the frequency of each navigation situation for ships that sailed the west coast of Korea during one year. The results are expected to be applied to develop a collision avoidance test environment for MASS.

scholarly journals A Novel Method for Risk Assessment and Simulation of Collision Avoidance for Vessels based on AIS

Algorithms ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 204 ◽  
Author(s):  
ManhCuong Nguyen ◽  
Shufang Zhang ◽  
Xiaoye Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Collision Avoidance ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Ship Collision ◽  
Collision Avoidance System ◽  
Traffic Detection

The identification of risks associated with collision for vessels is an important element in maritime safety and management. A vessel collision avoidance system is a topic that has been deeply studied, and it is a specialization in navigation technology. The automatic identification system (AIS) has been used to support navigation, route estimation, collision prediction, and abnormal traffic detection. This article examined the main elements of ship collision, developed a mathematical model for the risk assessment, and simulated a collision assessment based on AIS information, thereby providing meaningful recommendations for crew training and a warning system, in conjunction with the AIS on board.

scholarly journals Modeling Vessel Behaviours by Clustering AIS Data Using Optimized DBSCAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8162
Author(s):  
Xuyang Han ◽  
Costas Armenakis ◽  
Mojgan Jadidi
Keyword(s):  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Spatial Clustering ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Maritime Transportation ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Marine Transportation ◽  
Dbscan Clustering ◽  
Clustering Model ◽  
Data Driven Approach

Today, maritime transportation represents a substantial portion of international trade. Sustainable development of marine transportation requires systematic modeling and surveillance for maritime situational awareness. In this paper, we present an enhanced density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) method to model vessel behaviours based on trajectory point data. The proposed methodology enhances the DBSCAN clustering performance by integrating the Mahalanobis distance metric, which considers the correlation between the points representing vessel locations. This research proposes applying the clustering method to historical Automatic Identification System (AIS) data using an algorithm to generate a clustering model of the vessels’ trajectories and a model for detecting vessel trajectory anomalies, such as unexpected stops, deviations from regulated routes, or inconsistent speed. Further, an automatic and data-driven approach is proposed to select the initial parameters for the enhanced DBSCAN approach. Results are presented from two case studies using an openly available Gulf of Mexico AIS dataset as well as a Saint Lawrence Seaway and Great Lakes AIS licensed dataset acquired from ORBCOMM (a maritime AIS data provider). These research findings demonstrate the applicability and scalability of the proposed method for modeling more water regions, contributing to situational awareness, vessel collision prevention, safe navigation, route planning, and detection of vessel behaviour anomalies for auto-vessel development towards the sustainability of marine transportation.

An Electro-Optical Surveillance System Application for Ship Collision Avoidance

1998 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-268
Author(s):  
Antonio Criado Garcia-Legaz ◽  
Alfonso Cardona Peral
Keyword(s):  
Collision Avoidance ◽  
System Application ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Ship Collision

scholarly journals Improving Near Miss Detection in Maritime Traffic in the Northern Baltic Sea from AIS Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Lei Du ◽  
Osiris A. Valdez Banda ◽  
Floris Goerlandt ◽  
Pentti Kujala ◽  
Weibin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Maritime Transportation ◽  
Near Miss ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Collision Risk ◽  
Ship Collision ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ship Behavior

Ship collision is the most common type of accident in the Northern Baltic Sea, posing a risk to the safety of maritime transportation. Near miss detection from automatic identification system (AIS) data provides insight into maritime transportation safety. Collision risk always triggers a ship to maneuver for safe passing. Some frenetic rudder actions occur at the last moment before ship collision. However, the relationship between ship behavior and collision risk is not fully clarified. Therefore, this work proposes a novel method to improve near miss detection by analyzing ship behavior characteristic during the encounter process. The impact from the ship attributes (including ship size, type, and maneuverability), perceived risk of a navigator, traffic complexity, and traffic rule are considered to obtain insights into the ship behavior. The risk severity of the detected near miss is further quantified into four levels. This proposed method is then applied to traffic data from the Northern Baltic Sea. The promising results of near miss detection and the model validity test suggest that this work contributes to the development of preventive measures in maritime management to enhance to navigational safety, such as setting a precautionary area in the hotspot areas. Several advantages and limitations of the presented method for near miss detection are discussed.

scholarly journals An unmanned aircraft system for maritime operations

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 172988141878633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Monteiro Marques ◽  
Victor Lobo ◽  
R Batista ◽  
J Oliveira ◽  
A Pedro Aguiar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Collision Avoidance ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Traffic Monitoring ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Time Operation ◽  
Air System ◽  
Unmanned Air System ◽  
Aircraft System

Unmanned air systems are becoming ever more important in modern societies but raise a number of unresolved problems. There are legal issues with the operation of these vehicles in nonsegregated airspace, and a pressing requirement to solve these issues is the development and testing of reliable and safe mechanisms to avoid collision in flight. In this article, we describe a sense and avoid subsystem developed for a maritime patrol unmanned air system. The article starts with a description of the unmanned air system, that was developed specifically for maritime patrol operations, and proceeds with a discussion of possible ways to guarantee that the unmanned air system does not collide with other flying objects. In the system developed, the position of the unmanned air system is obtained by the global positioning system and that of other flying objects is reported via a data link with a ground control station. This assumes that the detection of those flying objects is done by a radar in the ground or by self-reporting via a traffic monitoring system (such as automatic identification system). The algorithm developed is based on game theory. The approach is to handle both the procedures, threat detection phase and collision avoidance maneuver, in a unified fashion, where the optimal command for each possible relative attitude of the obstacle is computed off-line, therefore requiring low processing power for real-time operation. This work was done under the research project named SEAGULL that aims to improve maritime situational awareness using fleets of unmanned air system, where collision avoidance becomes a major concern.

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