scholarly journals Concurrent COVID-19 and Acute HIV: A Case Report and Diagnostic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Johnson ◽  
Sally Graglia ◽  
Elizabeth D. Lynch ◽  
Joanna De Mesa ◽  
Erin Antunez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hiv Viral Load ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Viral Load Testing ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Acute Hiv

A 26-year-old male presented to the emergency department feeling unwell in February of 2021 with symptoms including diaphoresis, loose stools, and loss of taste sensation. Workup not only confirmed a diagnosis of COVID-19 but also revealed discordant HIV test results, with a reactive fourth-generation antigen/antibody test but a negative HIV-1/2 differentiation immunoassay. Subsequent HIV viral load testing obtained two days later ultimately established a diagnosis of acute HIV (AHI). Screening for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is critical that providers (1) continue recommended screening for HIV as an essential service; (2) consider acute HIV in the differential when evaluating patients with acute viral syndromes; (3) recognize that AHI can occur concurrently with other infections, including COVID-19; and (4) understand the differential diagnosis for discordant HIV test results and know when HIV viral load testing is needed to resolve such discordant results.

scholarly journals Use of the GeneXpert tuberculosis system for HIV viral load testing in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. e754-e755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madlen Nash ◽  
John Ramapuram ◽  
Ramya Kaiya ◽  
Sophie Huddart ◽  
Madhukar Pai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Hiv Viral Load ◽  
Viral Load Testing

Evaluation of the use of plasma preparation tubes for HIV viral load testing on the COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan HIV-1 version 2.0

2013 ◽  
Vol 187 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Goedhals ◽  
Lesley E. Scott ◽  
Serena Moretti ◽  
Mark A. Cooper ◽  
Willem J.L. Opperman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Hiv Viral Load ◽  
Cobas Taqman ◽  
Viral Load Testing ◽  
Version 2.0 ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals The Development of a Standardized Quality Assessment Material to Support Xpert HIV-1 Viral Load Testing for ART Monitoring in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Dominique Noble ◽  
Lesley Erica Scott ◽  
Asiashu Bongwe ◽  
Pedro Da Silva ◽  
Wendy Susan Stevens
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Molecular Transport ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Hiv Viral Load ◽  
Viral Load Testing ◽  
Load Monitoring ◽  
Edta Plasma ◽  
Hiv 1

The tiered laboratory framework for HIV viral load monitoring accommodates a range of HIV viral load testing platforms, with quality assessment critical to ensure quality patient testing. HIV plasma viral load testing is challenged by the instability of viral RNA. An approach using an RNA stabilizing buffer is described for the Xpert HIV-1 Viral Load (Cepheid) assay and was tested in remote laboratories in South Africa. EDTA-plasma panels with known HIV viral titres was prepared in PrimeStore molecular transport medium for per-module verification and per-instrument external quality assessment. The panels were transported at ambient temperature to 13 testing laboratories during 2017-2018, tested according to standard procedures and uploaded to a web portal for analysis A total of 275 quality assessment specimens (57 verification panels and two EQA cycles) were tested. All participants passed verification (n=171 specimens) with an overall concordance correlation (ρc) of 0.997 (95%confidence interval [CI]:0.996,0.998) and a mean log bias of -0.019log cp/mL (95%CI:-0.044,0.063). The overall EQA ρc (n=104 specimens) was 0.999 (95%CI:0.998,0.999), with a mean log bias of 0.03 log cp/mL 95%(CI:0.02,0.05). The panels are suitable for use in quality monitoring of Xpert HIV-1 VL and are applicable to laboratories in remote settings.

scholarly journals Economic and public health impact of decentralized HIV viral load testing: A modelling study in Kenya

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. e0212972 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. de Necker ◽  
J. C. de Beer ◽  
M. P. Stander ◽  
C. D. Connell ◽  
D. Mwai
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Public Health Impact ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Hiv Viral Load ◽  
Viral Load Testing ◽  
Modelling Study

Viral Load Test Reports

2001 ◽  
Vol 125 (12) ◽  
pp. 1546-1554
Author(s):  
Diane P. Francis ◽  
K. Michael Peddecord ◽  
Louise K. Hofherr ◽  
J. Rex Astles ◽  
William O. Schalla
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Telephone Survey ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Viral Load Testing ◽  
Viral Load Test ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Context.— Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA testing (viral load testing) is increasingly important in the care of patients infected with HIV-1 to determine when to initiate, monitor, and change antiretroviral therapy. Patient viral load testing information is communicated to the clinician through the laboratory test report. Objectives.—To examine the format and information used in reporting viral load testing results and determine the clarity of the information provided in these reports. Design.—Patient test reports with all personal identifiers removed were requested of viral load testing laboratories participating in a telephone survey of laboratory practices. Hospital, independent, health department, and “other type” laboratories identified as university-associated laboratories participated in the telephone survey. Results.—Thirty-seven unique test reports were collected. All laboratories reported results in copies/mL, while 14% also reported results as “log10 copies/mL.” The test kit was identified by only 24% of the laboratories. Reportable ranges were specified by 70% of the laboratories, but there was considerable variation in terminology. One laboratory reported a viral load copy number below the manufacturer's test kit lower limit of sensitivity. The layout and format differed among reports. Some results were expressed in log10, others contained nonsignificant integers, while others contained exponential numbers. Supplemental information in some reports included previous patient test results and significance of changes from baseline. The format of some reports made it difficult to read the report information and interpret the testing results. Conclusion.—This study emphasizes the importance of standardizing the reporting of HIV-1 viral load test results to minimize result misinterpretation and incorrect treatment.

scholarly journals Specimen origin, type and testing laboratory are linked to longer turnaround times for HIV viral load testing in Malawi

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. e0173009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Minchella ◽  
Geoffrey Chipungu ◽  
Andrea A. Kim ◽  
Abdoulaye Sarr ◽  
Hammad Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Hiv Viral Load ◽  
Testing Laboratory ◽  
Viral Load Testing

scholarly journals Notes from the Field: Impact of the COVID-19 Response on Scale-Up of HIV Viral Load Testing — PEPFAR-Supported Countries, January–June 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (21) ◽  
pp. 794-795
Author(s):  
Shirley Lee Lecher ◽  
Mary Naluguza ◽  
Christina Mwangi ◽  
Jonathan N’tale ◽  
Dianna Edgil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Hiv Viral Load ◽  
Viral Load Testing

scholarly journals Expanding Access to HIV Viral Load Testing: A Systematic Review of RNA Stability in EDTA Tubes and PPT beyond Current Time and Temperature Thresholds

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e113813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Bonner ◽  
Reed A. Siemieniuk ◽  
Andrew Boozary ◽  
Teri Roberts ◽  
Emmanuel Fajardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Rna Stability ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Hiv Viral Load ◽  
Current Time ◽  
Viral Load Testing ◽  
Temperature Thresholds
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