scholarly journals The Effect of Parenting Styles on Children’s Familiarity with Traffic Signs

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Parastoo Rezaei ◽  
Kayvan Aghabayk ◽  
Lyndel Bates
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Style ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Parental Influence ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Traffic Signs

The community, and especially the family, affects children’s traffic safety. Parents influence children’s current and future traffic behaviors. Numerous studies have demonstrated a relationship between parenting style and children’s behavioral problems such as antisocial behaviors and delinquency, so the modification of parenting styles could have a positive impact on the interactions between parents and children. In the literature on children’s traffic safety, parental influence has long been recognized as an important aspect of research, but parent-related factors are mostly unknown. In particular, a factor that can affect parents’ attitudes and children’s views of road safety is parenting style. Therefore, this study aims to examine children’s knowledge of traffic signs utilizing a parenting styles’ perspective. The determining role of demographic characteristics in traffic skills is critical and is investigated in this study. In this study, 1011 preschool, first-, second-, and third-grade students were interviewed and information about parenting styles and demographic characteristics were collected from questionnaires completed by parents. Through interviews, children’s familiarity with law enforcement and informative signs was assessed. Results indicated that older children and those with higher socioeconomic status had better skills in this field. The results also showed that parents could improve their children’s understanding of signs by less use of inconsistent discipline and corporal punishments. Parental negligence, contradictory use of corporal punishment, and nonuse of positive behaviors are some factors which are most likely related to children’s knowledge of traffic signs and rules. The findings of this study can guide parents and assist relevant authorities to implement policies to more effectively train young children by developing practical and targeted resources.

scholarly journals Factors informing healthcare workers' willingness to work during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Malesza
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Hospital Workers ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Face

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic represents a substantial challenge to healthcare workers. Exploring the determinants of their willingness to work is crucial to ensuring hospital function during the outbreak. Hence, this study examines the factors affecting the motivation and hesitation of health workers in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. Study Design: An online, anonymous survey was carried out among Polish healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: The respondents were asked about their demographic characteristics, stress-related factors, and their self-reported motivation and hesitation to work. The responses were gathered during September-December 2020. Results: 912 valid responses were obtained. Of these, 22.8% (N = 208) respondents reported being strongly motivated to work while 37.8% (N = 345) expressed strong hesitation. The participants' demographic characteristics and their responses to the stress-related questions were assigned to four categories depending on the odds ratios of motivation and hesitation. While some factors were linked to enhanced motivation and reduced hesitation, others solely affected either motivation or hesitation, and yet others had a positive impact on both. Conclusion: Overall, the study indicates that in order to increase hospital workers' motivation and decrease their hesitation, they must be made to feel protected by both their hospitals and local and national authorities.

Parents' perspectives on their relationship with adolescents with Internet addiction (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Horita ◽  
Yoichi Seki ◽  
Eiji Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Parenting Style ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Emotional And Behavioral Problems ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Authoritarian Parenting ◽  
Daily Time

BACKGROUND Background: Parents of adolescents with Internet addiction are confronted with their children' Internet problems on a daily basis. Parents may notice that adolescents with addiction may also have emotional and behavioral problems including impulsivity and violence. Parenting styles have been found to be related to Internet addiction. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to investigate parents' perspectives on their parenting style, relationship with their child, and the degree of internet addiction, emotional and behavioral problems of their child. METHODS A web-survey was conducted with 600 parents of children between the ages of 12 and 17. Respondents were recruited through an internet research company and were asked to complete an anonymous online questionnaire. The survey was divided into two groups: 300 parents who answered "yes" to the question "Do you think your child is dependent on the Internet?" and 300 parents who answered "no." Questionnaires were collected until each group had 300 participants. The questionnaire included the (1) Parent-Child Internet Addiction Test (PCIAT), (2) Daily time spent using Internet, (3) Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), (4) Parenting Style and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ) and (5) Self-Report Attachment Style Prototypes (Relationship Questionnaire (RQ)). RESULTS Mean scores of PCIAT and daily time spent using Internet of group with Internet addiction were significantly higher than those of the group without Internet addiction, respectively. Total difficulty score (TDS) in the SDQ of group with Internet addiction were significantly higher than that of the group without Internet addiction. Mean score of authoritarian parenting in PSDQ of group with Internet addiction were significantly higher than that of the group without Internet addiction. In RQ, there was no significant differences between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that parent who think their child is addicted to the Internet may recognize emotional and behavioral problems of the child and have an authoritarian parenting style.

scholarly journals Role of Parenting Style in Children’s Behavioral Problems through the Transition from Preschool to Elementary School According to Gender in Japan

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rikuya Hosokawa ◽  
Toshiki Katsura
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Parenting Style ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Permissive Parenting

While ineffective discipline can be attributed to authoritarian and permissive parenting styles, little research has examined the role of gender in the association between parenting style and early childhood behavioral problems. Thus, this study aimed to clarify the effects of authoritarian and permissive parenting on children’s externalizing and internalizing behaviors during the preschool-to-elementary-school transition according to gender in Japan. A sample of 1668 Japanese children (853 boys and 815 girls) were followed longitudinally over one-year intervals, and assessed based on parenting styles (the Parenting Scale), children’s behavioral problems (the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire), and family characteristics. Multivariate analyses revealed that, when analyzed by gender, authoritarian discipline influenced externalizing problems in boys (β = 0.048, p = 0.047) and girls (β = 0.067, p = 0.023), while permissive discipline influenced externalizing problems in boys only (β = 0.049, p = 0.038). The results document the relationship between family processes and the development of disruptive behavior disorders in children. Support for parents employing such child-rearing styles in early childhood may be effective in reducing school maladjustment.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Parenting Styles and Behavioral Problems among Bahraini Preschoolers

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-78
Author(s):  
Amina Al- Hajeri
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Parenting Style ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Authoritarian Parenting ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Authoritarian Parenting Style

The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between Bahrainis’ mothers parenting styles and their young children behavioral problems. The sample composed of 255 mothers and 255 teachers of preschool children. Mothers responded to the Parenting Style Instrument whereas the teachers of the same children responded to the Behavioral Problems Instrument. The results indicated that authoritarian parenting style (42.69%) was the dominant style among Bahraini mothers of preschoolers from mothers’ perceptions. It is followed by cruelty style (13.04%) and authoritative style (11.86%). The results also showed a significant correlation between two parenting styles authoritarian and cruelty used by Bahraini mothers and attention deficit, hyperactivity and impulsiveness, and aggression among Bahraini preschoolers. It was found the authoritarian style is positively correlated with the three behavioral problems; whereas the cruelty style is positively correlated with aggression only.

Worry and Permissive Parenting in Association with the Development of Internet Addiction in Children: A Survey Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Chuen Yee Lo ◽  
Nok Man Lai ◽  
Ting Kin Ng ◽  
Haobi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Parenting Style ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Permissive Parenting

BACKGROUND With growing accessibility and need over the past decades, the Internet has experienced a rapid increase in use globally. Specifically, with the accelerated development in information technology, more than 90% of Hong Kong’s citizens use the Internet, and 70% of children in the age group of 6-17 have daily access to it. However, despite the benefits of Internet technology, its addiction could pose serious social and health issues. Therefore, conducting research to investigate its causes and risk factors is fundamental. OBJECTIVE In this study, we examined the relationship between worry and Internet addiction among children in Hong Kong, and investigated the moderating effect of the permissive parenting style on such relationship. METHODS The participants consisted of 227 fourth-grade and fifth-grade students (120 males, 52.9%) from primary schools in Hong Kong with a mean age of 9.55 (SD = .58). Each participant was asked to complete the questionnaires, including the Internet Addiction Test for Internet addiction, the Penn State Worry Questionnaire for Children for worry, and the Parental Authority Questionnaire for the permissive parenting style. RESULTS The results indicated that worry was related to greater Internet addiction among children. Furthermore, there was a moderating effect of the permissive parenting style such that the positive association between worry and Internet addiction was stronger when the permissive parenting style was higher. CONCLUSIONS Our findings imply that parenting styles are influential in the prevention of Internet addiction.

Developmental Transitions and College Student Drinking

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Ichiyama ◽  
Annie Wescott ◽  
Kayla Swart ◽  
Sarah Harrison ◽  
Kelly Birch
Keyword(s):  
College Student ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Parental Influence ◽  
Problem Drinking ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Student Drinking ◽  
College Student Drinking

Alcohol misuse on college campuses is an ongoing national public health concern. For many young adults, the transition to college is a high-risk period for the initiation or continuation of problem drinking behaviors. Contrary to assertions of diminishing influence of parents on their children once they enter college, a substantial body of recent research supports the continuing protective influence of parents on the drinking behavior of college students. This chapter reviews the empirical research literature examining parental influences on college student drinking. Recent studies on parental influence on college drinking include parenting styles, parental monitoring, parent–child communication, parental modeling and attitudes toward drinking, and parental relationship quality. Recently developed parent-based interventions designed to reduce problem drinking on college campuses are described and reviewed. Recommendations for parents of college-bound children are provided to help reduce the risk for the development of problem drinking during this important developmental transition.

The study of the relationship between parenting styles and risk-taking in adolescents in only-child families in Qazvin city

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nezal Azh ◽  
Reza Zeighami ◽  
Tahereh Ataei ◽  
Maryam Mafi
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Style ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Authoritative Parenting ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Only Child ◽  
High Risk Behaviors ◽  
Adolescent Risk ◽  
Authoritative Parenting Style

AbstractObjectivesRisk-taking reasons in adolescents are divided into four cognitive, emotional, socio-environmental, and family factors. Structure, composition, and size of family as well as parenting styles effect on the development of creative abilities, transmitting cultural and social values, and the amount of adolescent risk-taking. The present study aimed to evaluate the tendency toward high-risk behaviors based on ways of interacting with children in only-child families.MethodsThis research is a descriptive analytical study. The research population was only-child adolescents and one of their parents who referred to health centers in Qazvin city to receive healthcare. The sampling has been conducted in census method. The data collection tools were adolescents’ risk-taking questionnaires and Baumrind Parenting style Inventory which were completed by adolescents and one parent, respectively. The questionnaires were completed in health centers of Qazvin City, and the sampling was conducted since February to September 2018. The SPSS version 24 was used to analyze the data.ResultsOne hundred and seventeen adolescents aged between 13 and 19 years together with one of their parents participated in this study. The majority of the mothers were housewives (62.9%) and fathers were either employees or self-employed (76.9%). Authoritative parenting style was the most dominant parenting style amongst parents (93%), and the majority of the samples (78%) had the least amount of risk. The average risk-taking score of adolescents was 23.3 ± 61.29 and the highest risk-taking behavior was dangerous driving (12.83). Risk-taking amount was negatively correlated with authoritative parenting style (r = −0.20, p = 0.28), while having direct and meaningful correlation with the permissive style (r = 0.20, p = 0.02).ConclusionThe authoritative parenting style in only-child families has been a dominant trend that justifies the intimate parent-children relationships and decreases the risk-taking amount of adolescents. Therefore, parents are suggested to focus on increasing their relationship with their adolescents, rather than reducing their family size.

scholarly journals Detecting Change between Urban Road Environments along a Route Based on Static Road Object Occurrences

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3666
Author(s):  
Zoltán Fazekas ◽  
László Gerencsér ◽  
Péter Gáspár
Keyword(s):  
Change Detection ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Driver Assistance Systems ◽  
Traffic Sign ◽  
Traffic Signs ◽  
Safety Risk ◽  
Urban Road ◽  
Environment Type ◽  
Cusum Method

For over a decade, urban road environment detection has been a target of intensive research. The topic is relevant for the design and implementation of advanced driver assistance systems. Typically, embedded systems are deployed in these for the operation. The environments can be categorized into road environment-types. Abrupt transitions between these pose a traffic safety risk. Road environment-type transitions along a route manifest themselves also in changes in the distribution of traffic signs and other road objects. Can the placement and the detection of traffic signs be modelled jointly with an easy-to-handle stochastic point process, e.g., an inhomogeneous marked Poisson process? Does this model lend itself for real-time application, e.g., via analysis of a log generated by a traffic sign detection and recognition system? How can the chosen change detector help in mitigating the traffic safety risk? A change detection method frequently used for Poisson processes is the cumulative sum (CUSUM) method. Herein, this method is tailored to the specific stochastic model and tested on realistic logs. The use of several change detectors is also considered. Results indicate that a traffic sign-based road environment-type change detection is feasible, though it is not suitable for an immediate intervention.

scholarly journals Parenting Style, Parental Personality, and Child Temperament in Children with Anxiety Disorders—A Clinical Study from India

2021 ◽  
pp. 025371762097337
Author(s):  
BR Sahithya ◽  
Vijaya Raman
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Parenting Style ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Child Behavior Checklist ◽  
Child Anxiety ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Child Temperament ◽  
Parental Personality ◽  
Parent Personality

Background: Anxiety disorders are common in children and contribute to adverse developmental outcomes. Although etiological models of child anxiety have identified various environmental factors, very few studies in India have examined these factors in children presenting with anxiety disorders. Therefore, the present study was designed to examine parenting styles, parental personality, and child temperament in children with anxiety disorders in an Indian outpatient setting. Methods: In total, 42 children with anxiety disorders and 42 typically developing children, matched on age and gender, were screened using Child Behavior Checklist, Color Progressive Matrices, and Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders Parent version. Their parents were screened using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.0, following which they filled the questionnaires for parenting styles, parent personality, and child temperament. Results: There were significant differences between the two groups on parenting style, parent personality, and child temperament. Anxiety disorder was positively associated with the father’s permissiveness and negatively with the mother’s authoritativeness and child’s sociability. A combination of parenting styles and child temperament explained 69% of the variances in child anxiety disorders. There were significant associations between parental personality, child temperament, and parenting style. Parent and child characteristics explained 14%–46% of the variances in parenting styles. Conclusion: Results of this study are generally consistent with Western studies outlining the influence of child temperament and parenting styles on child outcome and have important implications for clinical management of anxiety disorders.

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