scholarly journals Various Textiles-Based Comparative Analysis of a Millimeter Wave Miniaturized Novel Antenna Design for Body-Centric Communications

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Mohammad Monirujjaman Khan ◽  
Kaisarul Islam ◽  
Md. Nakib Alam Shovon ◽  
Mehedi Masud ◽  
Mohammed Baz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Radiation Efficiency ◽  
Antenna Design ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
60 Ghz ◽  
Similar Performance ◽  
Compact Size ◽  
High Bandwidth ◽  
Performance Results

A 60 GHz compact and novel shaped microstrip-fed antenna based on a textile substrate for body-centric communications has been proposed in this paper. The antenna has a partial ground, and the textile substrate is made up of 1.5 mm thick 100% polyester. Two rectangular sections from the patch antenna’s radiator were removed to give the antenna a swan-shaped appearance. The antenna was designed and simulated using computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio software. Simulated results show that, in free-space, the antenna achieved a high bandwidth of 11.6 GHz with a center frequency of 60.01 GHz. With 89.4% radiation efficiency, the maximum gain of the antenna was 8.535 dBi. For the on-body scenario, the antenna was simulated over five different distances from a human torso phantom. At the closest distance from the phantom, the antenna’s gain was 5.27 dBi, while the radiation dropped significantly to 63%. The highest bandwidth of 12.27 GHz was attained at 8 mm, while the lowest bandwidth of 5.012 GHz was attained at 4 mm away from the phantom. Gain and radiation efficiency were comparable to free-space results at the furthest distance. The antenna was also simulated with ten different textile substrates for both free-space and on-body scenarios. Among these ten substrates, denim, tween, and Quartzel fabric had similar performance results as polyester. This design achieved similar performance compared to other 60 GHz textile antennas while being a bit more compact. This antenna will be a promising choice for body-centric communications because of its compact size, textile-based substrate, and excellent on-body performance.

Analysis and Development of an Efficient Cross-Slot Loaded Compact Electromagnetic Band Gap Antenna

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 734-739
Author(s):  
El Amjed Hajlaoui ◽  
Ziyad Almohaimeed
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Circular Polarization ◽  
Radiation Efficiency ◽  
Antenna Structure ◽  
Electromagnetic Band Gap ◽  
Circularly Polarized ◽  
Compact Size ◽  
Operating Bandwidth ◽  
Simulation Results

This paper is devoted to a novel Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) single-feed circularly polarized microstrip EBG antenna with compact size proposed for C-Band applications. The antenna structure will include eight slits introduced at the boundary and the corners in the radiating square patch with a cross-slot at the center. The provided study will effectively approve the various proposed structures and interest occupied by these types of antennas in the enhancement of output parameters (gain, directivity, radiation efficiency, and bandwidth) without much affecting the operating bandwidth at C-band. At first, the concept and the realization of a directive and circularly polarized antenna using an electromagnetic band gap material whose circular polarization is generated by the structure itself is discussed. The analysis and simulation results are presented for an antenna operating at 6.1 GHz using computer Simulation Technologies (CST). Furthermore, the new compact circular polarized EBG antenna, compared to experimental results, will confirm the pre-studied goal of these kinds of antennas such as radiation efficiency, polarization purity, radiation efficiency, high directivity, and gain.

scholarly journals Design and Study of an mmWave Wearable Textile Based Compact Antenna for Healthcare Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Mohammad Monirujjaman Khan ◽  
Junayed Hossain ◽  
Kaisarul Islam ◽  
Nazmus Sadat Ovi ◽  
Md. Nakib Alalm Shovon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Free Space ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Radiation Efficiency ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
60 Ghz ◽  
Healthcare Applications ◽  
Wide Bandwidth ◽  
Health Applications

In this study, the design of a compact and novel millimeter wave cotton textile-based wearable antenna for body-centric communications in healthcare applications is presented. The free space and on-body antenna performance parameters for the proposed antenna at 60 GHz are investigated and analyzed. The antenna is based on a 1.5 mm thick cotton substrate and has an overall dimension of 7.0 × 4.5 × 1.5 mm3. In free space, the antenna is resonant at 60 GHz and achieves a wide impedance bandwidth. The maximum gain at this resonant frequency is 6.74 dBi, and the radiation efficiency is 93.30%. Parametric changes were carried out to study the changes in the resonant frequency, gain, and radiation efficiency. For body-centric communications, the antenna was simulated at 5 different distances from a three-layer human torso-equivalent phantom. The radiation efficiency dropped by 24% and gradually increased with the gap distance. The antenna design was also analyzed by using 10 different textile substrates for both free space and on-body scenarios. The major benefits of the antenna are discussed as follows. Compared to a previous work, the antenna is very efficient, compact, and has a wide bandwidth. In BCWCs for e-health applications, the antenna needs to be very compact due to the longer battery life, and it has to have a wide bandwidth for high data rate communication. Since the antenna will be wearable with a sensor system, the shape of the antenna needs to be planar, and it is better to design the antenna on a textile substrate for integration into clothes. The antenna also needs to show high gain and efficiency for power-efficient communication. This proposed antenna meets all these criteria, and hence, it will be a good candidate for BCWCs in e-health applications.

scholarly journals Encapsulation of Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (CMUTs) for the Acoustic Communication between Medical Implants

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 421
Author(s):  
Jorge Oevermann ◽  
Peter Weber ◽  
Steffen H. Tretbar
Keyword(s):  
Data Security ◽  
Ultrasonic Transducers ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
Medical Implants ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers ◽  
Polyether Ether Ketone ◽  
High Bandwidth ◽  
Ether Ketone

The aim of this work was to extend conventional medical implants by the possibility of communication between them. For reasons of data security and transmitting distances, this communication should be realized using ultrasound, which is generated and detected by capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs). These offer the advantage of an inherent high bandwidth and a high integration capability. To protect the surrounding tissue, it has to be encapsulated. In contrast to previous results of other research groups dealing with the encapsulation of CMUTs, the goal here is to integrate the CMUT into the housing of a medical implant. In this work, CMUTs were designed and fabricated for a center frequency of 2 MHz in water and experimentally tested on their characteristics for operation behind layers of Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and titanium, two typical materials for the housings of medical implants. It could be shown that with silicone as a coupling layer it is possible to operate a CMUT behind the housing of an implant. Although it changes the characteristics of the CMUT, the setup is found to be well suited for communication between two transducers over a distance of at least 8 cm.

An investigation of 16-QAM signal transmission over turbulent RoFSO link modeled by gamma–gamma distribution

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Tripathi ◽  
Shilpi Gupta ◽  
Abhilash Mandloi ◽  
Gireesh G Soni
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Distribution ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Channel Modeling ◽  
Symbol Error Rate ◽  
Average Error ◽  
60 Ghz ◽  
Free Space Optical ◽  
Error Vector Magnitude ◽  
Space Optical Communication

AbstractThis paper outlines the performance of a 10 Gbit/s rectangular 16-quadrature amplitude modulation–based radio over free space optical communication system. Here, 60 GHz radio frequency–modulated signal is propagated through a 1550-nm free space optical link. The gamma–gamma distribution is used for the channel modeling of weak to strong atmospheric turbulence. The reported constellation plots and eye patterns are attributed to impairment factors in adverse conditions of atmosphere. The evaluation is carried out that the variation in average error vector magnitude in the range of 1.45–1.63% and equivalent symbol error rate of 0.019–0.023 are obtained for a clear atmosphere compared to the turbulent link of 0.2–1 km, respectively.

Novel Low-Pass Microwave Filter Based on Rectangular Ring DGS

2013 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 371-374
Author(s):  
Bao Ping Li ◽  
Yan Liang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Stop Band ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
Pass Band ◽  
Band Pass Filter ◽  
Defected Ground Structure ◽  
Ground Structure ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Low Pass Filter ◽  
Compact Size ◽  
Low Pass

Due to the frequency response periodicity of distributed transmission line, microstrip band-pass filter usually produces parasitic pass-band and outputs harmonics away from the center frequency of main pass-band. Based on the study of rectangular ring defected ground structure, a 5-order microstrip LPF(low-pass filter) was designed using the single-pole band-stop and slow-wave characteristics of the rectangular ring DGS(Defected Ground Structure) and SISS(Step-Impedance Shunt Stub) structure. Compared with traditional LPF, this LPF presents the advantages of compact size, low insertion loss, broad stop-band and high steep. It also validates the requirements of miniaturization and high performance for filters.

Compact dual-mode microstrip bandpass filter based on slotted square patch resonator

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthie S. ◽  
Zuvairiya Parveen J. ◽  
Yogeshwari D. ◽  
Venkadeshwari E.
Keyword(s):  
Bandpass Filter ◽  
Filter Design ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
Dual Mode ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Transmission Zeros ◽  
Compact Size ◽  
Mode Response ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Good Agreement

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present the design of a compact microstrip bandpass filter (BPF) in dual-mode configuration loaded with cross-loop and square ring slots on a square patch resonator for C-band applications. Design/methodology/approach In the proposed design, the dual-mode response for the filter is realized with two transmission zeros (TZs) by the insertion of a perturbation element at the diagonal corner of the square patch resonator with orthogonal feed lines. Such TZs at the edges of the passband result in better selectivity for the proposed BPF. Moreover, the cross-loop and square ring slots are etched on a square patch resonator to obtain a miniaturized BPF. Findings The proposed dual-mode microstrip filter fabricated in RT/duroid 6010 substrate using PCB technology has a measured minimum insertion loss of 1.8 dB and return loss better than 24.5 dB with a fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 6.9%. A compact size of 7.35 × 7.35 mm2 is achieved for the slotted patch resonator-based dual-mode BPF at the center frequency of 4.76 GHz. As compared with the conventional square patch resonator, a size reduction of 61% is achieved with the proposed slotted design. The feasibility of the filter design is confirmed by the good agreement between the measured and simulated responses. The performance of the proposed filter structure is compared with other dual-mode filter works. Originality/value In the proposed work, a compact dual-mode BPF is reported with slotted structures. The conventional square patch resonator is deployed with cross-loop and square ring slots to design a dual-mode filter with a square perturbation element at its diagonal corner. The proposed filter exhibits compact size and favorable performance compared to other dual-mode filter works reported in literature. The aforementioned design of the dual-mode BPF at 4.76 GHz is suitable for applications in the lower part of the C-band.

scholarly journals Controlling Refraction Using Sub-Wavelength Resonators

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1942
Author(s):  
Yue Chen ◽  
Robert Lipton
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Dependence ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
Negative Index ◽  
Index Properties ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Transmitted Signal ◽  
Sub Wavelength

We construct metamaterials from sub-wavelength nonmagnetic resonators and consider the refraction of incoming signals traveling from free space into the metamaterial. We show that the direction of the transmitted signal is a function of its center frequency and bandwidth. The directionality of the transmitted signal and its frequency dependence is shown to be explicitly controlled by sub-wavelength resonances that can be calculated from the geometry of the sub-wavelength scatters. We outline how to construct a medium with both positive and negative index properties across different frequency bands in the near infrared and optical regime.

Antenna Design of 60-GHz Micro-Radar System-In-Package for Noncontact Vital Sign Detection

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 1702-1705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tze-Min Shen ◽  
Te-Yu Jason Kao ◽  
Ting-Yi Huang ◽  
Jianxuan Tu ◽  
Jenshan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vital Sign ◽  
Radar System ◽  
Antenna Design ◽  
60 Ghz ◽  
Sign Detection

scholarly journals Miniaturized Broadband-Multiband Planar Monopole Antenna in Autonomous Vehicles Communication System Device

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 2715
Author(s):  
Ming-An Chung ◽  
Chih-Wei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Communication System ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Antenna Design ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Impedance Change ◽  
Antenna Structure ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Wireless Standards

The article mainly presents that a simple antenna structure with only two branches can provide the characteristics of dual-band and wide bandwidths. The recommended antenna design is composed of a clockwise spiral shape, and the design has a gradual impedance change. Thus, this antenna is ideal for applications also recommended in these wireless standards, including 5G, B5G, 4G, V2X, ISM band of WLAN, Bluetooth, WiFI 6 band, WiMAX, and Sirius/XM Radio for in-vehicle infotainment systems. The proposed antenna with a dimension of 10 × 5 mm is simple and easy to make and has a lot of copy production. The operating frequency is covered with a dual-band from 2000 to 2742 MHz and from 4062 to beyond 8000 MHz and, it is also demonstrated that the measured performance results of return loss, radiation, and gain are in good agreement with simulations. The radiation efficiency can reach 91% and 93% at the lower and higher bands. Moreover, the antenna gain can achieve 2.7 and 6.75 dBi at the lower and higher bands, respectively. This antenna design has a low profile, low cost, and small size features that may be implemented in autonomous vehicles and mobile IoT communication system devices.

scholarly journals Bandwidth Enhancement of Tri-band Rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna using Novel Offset Feed for WLAN/WIMAX Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 2305-2308
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Resonator ◽  
Microstrip Line ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Radiation Efficiency ◽  
Antenna Design ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Dielectric Resonator Antenna ◽  
Bandwidth Enhancement ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna

In this article, a novel offset microstrip line feed Rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna is used for bandwidth enhancement. The parameters such as Bandwidth, Return Loss and Radiation efficiency are improved in the proposed antenna. A comparison is also shown for the proposed feed structure with and without conformal strips. The improvement in the bandwidth is observed from 25% to 65% by optimizing the antenna design parameters. It works in three frequency bands, that is, 2.03-3.69 GHz, 3.86-7.26 GHz, and 7.32-9.26 GHz. The proposed antenna is appropriate for WIMAX/WLAN applications.

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